Chapter 3 Cells and Tissues
... of substances is “up the concentration gradient”; this requires energy from ATP Ion pumps (Figure 3-5) • An ion pump is a protein complex in the cell membrane • Ion pumps use energy from ATP to move substances across cell membranes against their concentration gradients • Examples: sodium-potassium ...
... of substances is “up the concentration gradient”; this requires energy from ATP Ion pumps (Figure 3-5) • An ion pump is a protein complex in the cell membrane • Ion pumps use energy from ATP to move substances across cell membranes against their concentration gradients • Examples: sodium-potassium ...
On the origins of cells: a hypothesis for the evolutionary transitions
... with such attributes would be life’s most likely forebear. We propose that life evolved in structured iron monosulphide precipitates in a seepage site hydrothermal mound at a redox, pH and temperature gradient between sulphide-rich hydrothermal fluid and iron(II)-containing waters of the Hadean ocea ...
... with such attributes would be life’s most likely forebear. We propose that life evolved in structured iron monosulphide precipitates in a seepage site hydrothermal mound at a redox, pH and temperature gradient between sulphide-rich hydrothermal fluid and iron(II)-containing waters of the Hadean ocea ...
PDF - Wiley Online Library
... setting up lysis timing, since their membrane pmf-dissipating action is directly or indirectly responsible for the abolishment of the mechanisms that restrain activity of the secreted endolysins. In some phages, like those infecting Streptococcus pneumoniae, the holin membrane-depolarizing function ...
... setting up lysis timing, since their membrane pmf-dissipating action is directly or indirectly responsible for the abolishment of the mechanisms that restrain activity of the secreted endolysins. In some phages, like those infecting Streptococcus pneumoniae, the holin membrane-depolarizing function ...
A proteomic chronology of gene expression through the cell cycle in
... measurements at different stages of the cell cycle. Most of the methods used to do this have involved artificially ‘arresting’ the cell cycle, which can lead to side effects that are difficult to account for. Ly et al. have now overcome these problems using a combination of three methods to measure ...
... measurements at different stages of the cell cycle. Most of the methods used to do this have involved artificially ‘arresting’ the cell cycle, which can lead to side effects that are difficult to account for. Ly et al. have now overcome these problems using a combination of three methods to measure ...
ROLE OF SPINDLE MICROTUBULES IN THE
... J .) as previously described (68). Since only the minimum dosage of Colcemid necessary to prevent assembly of spindle microtubules was used, treatment durations were adjusted to suit the eggs of particular females and the time during the spawning season. Treatments ranged from 3.25 min early in the ...
... J .) as previously described (68). Since only the minimum dosage of Colcemid necessary to prevent assembly of spindle microtubules was used, treatment durations were adjusted to suit the eggs of particular females and the time during the spawning season. Treatments ranged from 3.25 min early in the ...
An EMMPRIN–c-catenin–Nm23 complex drives ATP production and
... Confocal analysis confirmed that EMMPRIN is also located at junctions formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), where it partially colocalizes with the junction components VE-cadherin (48% colocalization), PECAM-1 (95%) and JAM-A (also known as F11R; 81%) (data not shown). We next i ...
... Confocal analysis confirmed that EMMPRIN is also located at junctions formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), where it partially colocalizes with the junction components VE-cadherin (48% colocalization), PECAM-1 (95%) and JAM-A (also known as F11R; 81%) (data not shown). We next i ...
Genetic Control of Fusion Pore Expansion in the Epidermis of
... each arc (junction), we measured the apical junction (AJ) discontinuity, representing expanding fusion pores, by looking at appearance of blank pixels (pixel value ⬍ threshold; see below), as shown in Figure 3, B and C, by yellow circles along the arcs (blue lines). Because of junctions in live embr ...
... each arc (junction), we measured the apical junction (AJ) discontinuity, representing expanding fusion pores, by looking at appearance of blank pixels (pixel value ⬍ threshold; see below), as shown in Figure 3, B and C, by yellow circles along the arcs (blue lines). Because of junctions in live embr ...
1 Nucleoli: Composition, Function and Dynamics
... imported from the cytoplasm to the nucleolus, and the nearly complete small and large ribosomal subunits separately exported to the cytoplasm. Since a rapidly growing cell may require millions of ribosomes to be synthesized, the nucleolus is by far the major destination and origin of nucleo-cytopla ...
... imported from the cytoplasm to the nucleolus, and the nearly complete small and large ribosomal subunits separately exported to the cytoplasm. Since a rapidly growing cell may require millions of ribosomes to be synthesized, the nucleolus is by far the major destination and origin of nucleo-cytopla ...
Dissection 9: Pharynx, Larynx, and Ear
... iii. Vocal folds are the true vocal cords and they control sound production/tone. Each vocal fold consists of a vocal ligament and a vocalis muscle. Besides phonation, they also serve as the main sphincter of the respiratory tract when they are tightly closed (e.g. completely adducted). iv. Muscular ...
... iii. Vocal folds are the true vocal cords and they control sound production/tone. Each vocal fold consists of a vocal ligament and a vocalis muscle. Besides phonation, they also serve as the main sphincter of the respiratory tract when they are tightly closed (e.g. completely adducted). iv. Muscular ...
5. Parvoviral Host Range and Cell Entry Mechanisms.
... and the Amdoviruses, Bocaviruses, Dependoviruses, and Erythroviruses. While all genera contain viruses that can replicate independently of helper viruses (commonly described as ‘‘autonomously replicating’’ viruses), the Dependovirus genus is so called because it includes a large number of agents tha ...
... and the Amdoviruses, Bocaviruses, Dependoviruses, and Erythroviruses. While all genera contain viruses that can replicate independently of helper viruses (commonly described as ‘‘autonomously replicating’’ viruses), the Dependovirus genus is so called because it includes a large number of agents tha ...
the Essential Standards of Biology
... The process of scientific inquiry, experimentation and technological design should not be taught nor tested in isolation of the core concepts drawn from physical science, earth science and life science. A seamless integration of science content, scientific inquiry, experimentation and technological ...
... The process of scientific inquiry, experimentation and technological design should not be taught nor tested in isolation of the core concepts drawn from physical science, earth science and life science. A seamless integration of science content, scientific inquiry, experimentation and technological ...
Bacterial Growth and Cell Division: a Mycobacterial Perspective
... The mycobacterial cell wall has unique characteristics and is impermeable to a number of compounds, a feature in part responsible for inherent resistance to numerous drugs. The complexity of the cell wall represents a challenge to the organism, requiring specialized mechanisms to allow cell division ...
... The mycobacterial cell wall has unique characteristics and is impermeable to a number of compounds, a feature in part responsible for inherent resistance to numerous drugs. The complexity of the cell wall represents a challenge to the organism, requiring specialized mechanisms to allow cell division ...
Challenges in Endometrial biopsy
... arrangement or affiliation with one or more organizations that could be perceived as a direct or indirect conflict of interest in the content of this presentation. ...
... arrangement or affiliation with one or more organizations that could be perceived as a direct or indirect conflict of interest in the content of this presentation. ...
- Wiley Online Library
... the adult nervous system. The architecture of axonal and dendritic processes in single neurons can be quite complex, and some processes are only slightly wider than the larger cargos (such as mitochondria) that move through them. As they move through such compartments, cargos are frequently very clo ...
... the adult nervous system. The architecture of axonal and dendritic processes in single neurons can be quite complex, and some processes are only slightly wider than the larger cargos (such as mitochondria) that move through them. As they move through such compartments, cargos are frequently very clo ...
Name Period _________ Due date _____________ FROG
... away from the body cavity. (1) Cut along the midline of the body from the pelvis anterior to the tip of the mouth. (2) Make transverse (horizontal) cuts near the arms and (3) legs. Lift the flaps of the body wall and pin back. ...
... away from the body cavity. (1) Cut along the midline of the body from the pelvis anterior to the tip of the mouth. (2) Make transverse (horizontal) cuts near the arms and (3) legs. Lift the flaps of the body wall and pin back. ...
Contribution of molecular chaperones to protein folding in the
... translational and sequential domain folding has been noted to be greater in eukaryotes than in bacteria, at least for certain types of proteins [10]. How do cells avoid a scenario where the majority of newly synthesized polypeptides aggregate? What then prevents these de novo synthesized polypeptide ...
... translational and sequential domain folding has been noted to be greater in eukaryotes than in bacteria, at least for certain types of proteins [10]. How do cells avoid a scenario where the majority of newly synthesized polypeptides aggregate? What then prevents these de novo synthesized polypeptide ...
November 2012 - An error occurred.
... other factors, like using other mammals as outgroups. They just swabbed a few dozen human belly buttons and looked in petri dishes for what turned up. In addition, they defined a “phylotype” arbitrarily, choosing RNA differences of 3% as diagnostic of species. ...
... other factors, like using other mammals as outgroups. They just swabbed a few dozen human belly buttons and looked in petri dishes for what turned up. In addition, they defined a “phylotype” arbitrarily, choosing RNA differences of 3% as diagnostic of species. ...
Amassin, an olfactomedin protein, mediates the massive
... from the body cavity, a massive cell–cell adhesion of coelomocytes occurs. This event is referred to as clotting. Clotting is thought to be a defense mechanism against loss of coelomic fluid if the body wall is punctured, and it may also function in the cellular encapsulation of foreign material and ...
... from the body cavity, a massive cell–cell adhesion of coelomocytes occurs. This event is referred to as clotting. Clotting is thought to be a defense mechanism against loss of coelomic fluid if the body wall is punctured, and it may also function in the cellular encapsulation of foreign material and ...
Localization of Human Cytomegalovirus Structural Proteins to the
... The intranuclear assembly of herpesvirus subviral particles remains an incompletely understood process. Previous studies have described the nuclear localization of capsid and tegument proteins as well as intranuclear tegumentation of capsid-like particles. The temporally and spatially regulated repl ...
... The intranuclear assembly of herpesvirus subviral particles remains an incompletely understood process. Previous studies have described the nuclear localization of capsid and tegument proteins as well as intranuclear tegumentation of capsid-like particles. The temporally and spatially regulated repl ...
RETINOBLASTOMA RELATED1 Regulates
... form all of the organs and cell types of wild-type plants (Figure 1A). However, when analyzing in detail the root architecture of these hypomorphic mutants, we found specific developmental defects. Whereas the formative division of a cortex-endodermis initial daughter is rapidly executed in the wild ...
... form all of the organs and cell types of wild-type plants (Figure 1A). However, when analyzing in detail the root architecture of these hypomorphic mutants, we found specific developmental defects. Whereas the formative division of a cortex-endodermis initial daughter is rapidly executed in the wild ...
negative Drug-resistant Cell Lines Using Laser
... Four well defined multidrug-resistant cell lines and their drug-sensitive counterparts were examined for intracellular distribution of daunorubicin (DNR) by laser-assisted confocal fluorescence microscopy: P-glycoprotein-negative III,-60/AR cells, and P-glycoprotein-positive P388/ADR, KBV-1, and MCF ...
... Four well defined multidrug-resistant cell lines and their drug-sensitive counterparts were examined for intracellular distribution of daunorubicin (DNR) by laser-assisted confocal fluorescence microscopy: P-glycoprotein-negative III,-60/AR cells, and P-glycoprotein-positive P388/ADR, KBV-1, and MCF ...
Functional characterization of cohesin subunit SCC1 in
... B. Phylogenetic analysis was used to classify the trypanosome SMC proteins. Kinetoplastid genomes encode four SMC proteins that are orthologues of SMC1–4. A maximum parsimony phylogram was built using sequence alignments of the four T. brucei SMC sequences with SMC1–6 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( ...
... B. Phylogenetic analysis was used to classify the trypanosome SMC proteins. Kinetoplastid genomes encode four SMC proteins that are orthologues of SMC1–4. A maximum parsimony phylogram was built using sequence alignments of the four T. brucei SMC sequences with SMC1–6 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( ...
Vertebrate hairy and Enhancer of split related proteins
... must have a signi®cant role under some circumstances. Most bHLH proteins bind as either hetero- or homodimers to a consensus DNA sequence of CANNTG, known as an E-box. Additional binding speci®city is derived from interactions between the basic regions and the middle two bases, as well as bases ¯ank ...
... must have a signi®cant role under some circumstances. Most bHLH proteins bind as either hetero- or homodimers to a consensus DNA sequence of CANNTG, known as an E-box. Additional binding speci®city is derived from interactions between the basic regions and the middle two bases, as well as bases ¯ank ...