Formation of Persisting Cell Wall Deficient Forms of Mycobacterium
... can persist in vivo, series of events during interaction of live BCG bacilli with resting or preactivated with Lentinan peritoneal macrophages in guinea pigs were evaluated. After intraperitoneal administration of BCG, samples of peritoneal lavage fluid from guinea pigs were obtained at day 1, 14 an ...
... can persist in vivo, series of events during interaction of live BCG bacilli with resting or preactivated with Lentinan peritoneal macrophages in guinea pigs were evaluated. After intraperitoneal administration of BCG, samples of peritoneal lavage fluid from guinea pigs were obtained at day 1, 14 an ...
Mitochondria Buffer Physiological Calcium
... subsequent stimuli were 20 V over this threshold. Cells were stimulated in this manner once every 4 min. After completion of each experiment, the microscope stage was adjusted so that no cells or debris occupied the field of view defined by the diaphragm, and then background light levels were determ ...
... subsequent stimuli were 20 V over this threshold. Cells were stimulated in this manner once every 4 min. After completion of each experiment, the microscope stage was adjusted so that no cells or debris occupied the field of view defined by the diaphragm, and then background light levels were determ ...
Extra Embryonic Membranes E
... diffuse from the maternal blood into the foetal blood through the placenta. Macromolecules of polysaccharides, lipids and proteins may be engulfed by trophoblast cells by pinocytosis. 3. The placenta provides immunity to the foetus against certain diseases such as diphtheria, scarlet fever, small po ...
... diffuse from the maternal blood into the foetal blood through the placenta. Macromolecules of polysaccharides, lipids and proteins may be engulfed by trophoblast cells by pinocytosis. 3. The placenta provides immunity to the foetus against certain diseases such as diphtheria, scarlet fever, small po ...
Insect Venom Peptides
... due to pore formation on cell membranes [1, 28, 32] and (2) those acting by interaction with G-protein coupled receptors, leading to the activation of degranulation mechanisms and resulting in many different types of secretions, depending on the type of target cell [18, 30]. In any situation the fin ...
... due to pore formation on cell membranes [1, 28, 32] and (2) those acting by interaction with G-protein coupled receptors, leading to the activation of degranulation mechanisms and resulting in many different types of secretions, depending on the type of target cell [18, 30]. In any situation the fin ...
Compare TIRF Geometries
... TIRF is “...a method uniquely suited to image the plasma membrane with its associated organelles and macromolecules in living cells. The method shows even the smallest vesicles made by cells, and can image the dynamics of single protein molecules.” [Steyer JA, Almers W. A real-time view of life with ...
... TIRF is “...a method uniquely suited to image the plasma membrane with its associated organelles and macromolecules in living cells. The method shows even the smallest vesicles made by cells, and can image the dynamics of single protein molecules.” [Steyer JA, Almers W. A real-time view of life with ...
Molecular Genetic Analysis of Phototropism in
... but in a nph1 background caused a remarkable defect in the phototropic response of hypocotyls even under high fluence rates of blue light (Sakai et al. 2001). Therefore, it was concluded that nph1 and npl1 are major blue light photoreceptors in the phototropic response pathway in Arabidopsis and sho ...
... but in a nph1 background caused a remarkable defect in the phototropic response of hypocotyls even under high fluence rates of blue light (Sakai et al. 2001). Therefore, it was concluded that nph1 and npl1 are major blue light photoreceptors in the phototropic response pathway in Arabidopsis and sho ...
Higher Biology Unit 1 Cell Biology: Cell structure in relation to function
... • Chromosomes consist of many genes. These carry out their instructions by producing enzymes. Enzymes are made of protein. ...
... • Chromosomes consist of many genes. These carry out their instructions by producing enzymes. Enzymes are made of protein. ...
Capping protein: new insights into mechanism
... translation up the filament long axis of 27.5 Å. Above the filament on the left are listed the association (mMK1 sK1) and dissociation (sK1) rate constants at the barbed and pointed ends for ATP-actin (gray) [90] and ADP-actin (yellow) [92] monomers, which are shown as ribbon-chain traces with the ...
... translation up the filament long axis of 27.5 Å. Above the filament on the left are listed the association (mMK1 sK1) and dissociation (sK1) rate constants at the barbed and pointed ends for ATP-actin (gray) [90] and ADP-actin (yellow) [92] monomers, which are shown as ribbon-chain traces with the ...
Maternal control of the Drosophila dorsalventral body axis
... the tracheal spiracles also known as Filzkörper. Cells originating in ventrolateral regions generate the conspicuous band of ventral denticles that aid the embryo in moving through food. Finally, cells derived from the most ventral region of the embryo do not contribute to the cuticle. Rather, they ...
... the tracheal spiracles also known as Filzkörper. Cells originating in ventrolateral regions generate the conspicuous band of ventral denticles that aid the embryo in moving through food. Finally, cells derived from the most ventral region of the embryo do not contribute to the cuticle. Rather, they ...
Encapsulation of Plasmid DNA in Stabilized Plasmid – Lipid
... micelles and lamellar sheets formed during dialysis to levels compatible with good entrapment. Citrate concentrations below the optimal range resulted in aggregate formation while at concentrations above the optimal range, interaction of the plasmid with lipid structures was inhibited and little or ...
... micelles and lamellar sheets formed during dialysis to levels compatible with good entrapment. Citrate concentrations below the optimal range resulted in aggregate formation while at concentrations above the optimal range, interaction of the plasmid with lipid structures was inhibited and little or ...
curriculum vitae- michael hippler
... characterized as induced at the transcript level as well as identifying several new proteins of unknown function induced under anaerobic conditions. These proteins of unknown function provide new candidates for further investigations taking advantage of reverse genetics. An important aim hereby is t ...
... characterized as induced at the transcript level as well as identifying several new proteins of unknown function induced under anaerobic conditions. These proteins of unknown function provide new candidates for further investigations taking advantage of reverse genetics. An important aim hereby is t ...
12 October 2000
... it cannot explain how the first, most upstream caspase gets activated. At least two other approaches are used to get the ball rolling. Induced proximity Caspase-8 is the key initiator caspase in the death-receptor pathway (see review in this issue by Krammer, pages 789–795). Upon ligand binding, dea ...
... it cannot explain how the first, most upstream caspase gets activated. At least two other approaches are used to get the ball rolling. Induced proximity Caspase-8 is the key initiator caspase in the death-receptor pathway (see review in this issue by Krammer, pages 789–795). Upon ligand binding, dea ...
Exogenous Free Ubiquitin Enhances Lily Pollen
... LSCA is endocytosed into the pollen tube through its tip (Fig. 6C), where it is then routed through endosomes to the vacuoles (Blackbourn and Jackson, 1996; Hepler et al., 2001). Confocal images of pollen tubes treated with biotin LSCA showed specific pollen tube tip localization at an early stage ( ...
... LSCA is endocytosed into the pollen tube through its tip (Fig. 6C), where it is then routed through endosomes to the vacuoles (Blackbourn and Jackson, 1996; Hepler et al., 2001). Confocal images of pollen tubes treated with biotin LSCA showed specific pollen tube tip localization at an early stage ( ...
Article - Andrej Sali
... et al., 2006; Selmer et al., 2006; Schuwirth et al., 2005). In addition, structures of programmed bacterial ribosomes have defined a path for the translocation of mRNA and tRNAs through the intersubunit space (Yusupova et al., 2001, 2006; Korostelev et al., 2006; Selmer et al., 2006; Berk et al., 20 ...
... et al., 2006; Selmer et al., 2006; Schuwirth et al., 2005). In addition, structures of programmed bacterial ribosomes have defined a path for the translocation of mRNA and tRNAs through the intersubunit space (Yusupova et al., 2001, 2006; Korostelev et al., 2006; Selmer et al., 2006; Berk et al., 20 ...
Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical features and pathogenetic
... causative of pure HSP in a single German family. The protein associates with spastin, and might function in endosomal transport.60 However, this base variant has been recently been reported in control chromosomes (single nucleotide polymorphism rs35077384) and shown to have a minor allele frequency ...
... causative of pure HSP in a single German family. The protein associates with spastin, and might function in endosomal transport.60 However, this base variant has been recently been reported in control chromosomes (single nucleotide polymorphism rs35077384) and shown to have a minor allele frequency ...
The PDZ-GEF Dizzy regulates cell shape of migrating macrophages
... embryo (Fig. 2E-H). Thus, dizzy mutant macrophages appeared to be slower and did not reach their destinations in time. Other aspects of the migration, such as the migration along the dorsal epidermis, were not noticeably affected in dizzy⌬n mutants. dizzy is required not only for proper macrophage m ...
... embryo (Fig. 2E-H). Thus, dizzy mutant macrophages appeared to be slower and did not reach their destinations in time. Other aspects of the migration, such as the migration along the dorsal epidermis, were not noticeably affected in dizzy⌬n mutants. dizzy is required not only for proper macrophage m ...
Dua`s Layer: its discovery, characteristics and applications
... DM attached to it. Though the vast majority of eye donors in which it was demonstrated were in the age range of 50 to 94 years, it has also been demonstrated in infants and children. Histological examination by light and electron microscopy confirmed that the posterior wall of a Type 1 BB is made of ...
... DM attached to it. Though the vast majority of eye donors in which it was demonstrated were in the age range of 50 to 94 years, it has also been demonstrated in infants and children. Histological examination by light and electron microscopy confirmed that the posterior wall of a Type 1 BB is made of ...
BMP4 regulation of sensory organ development in the chick inner ear
... All living organisms have developed highly specialized structures that are receptive to mechanical forces originating either from the surrounding environment or from within the organism itself. Among the most elaborate and greatly efficient of such structures are the mechanotransducers responsible f ...
... All living organisms have developed highly specialized structures that are receptive to mechanical forces originating either from the surrounding environment or from within the organism itself. Among the most elaborate and greatly efficient of such structures are the mechanotransducers responsible f ...
schoeneich_oxidants
... young people correlates with serum SCN- levels [19]. Furthermore smokers, who have high SCN- levels, have larger numbers of lipid-laden macrophages than non-smokers [20]. Unlike HOCl, which has been shown to react with a wide range of biological targets (though primarily proteins) [21-23], HOSCN rea ...
... young people correlates with serum SCN- levels [19]. Furthermore smokers, who have high SCN- levels, have larger numbers of lipid-laden macrophages than non-smokers [20]. Unlike HOCl, which has been shown to react with a wide range of biological targets (though primarily proteins) [21-23], HOSCN rea ...
invited review - Luzimar Teixeira
... In the early 1980s studies in rat adipose cells demonstrated that a major mechanism for the insulin-induced increase in glucose transport was through stimulating the movement of glucose transporter proteins from an intracellular ‘‘microsomal’’ compartment to the plasma membrane (19, 114). Despite it ...
... In the early 1980s studies in rat adipose cells demonstrated that a major mechanism for the insulin-induced increase in glucose transport was through stimulating the movement of glucose transporter proteins from an intracellular ‘‘microsomal’’ compartment to the plasma membrane (19, 114). Despite it ...
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange-Independent Activation of Gs Protein
... indicated time points. In this case, the reaction was started by adding membranes to the rest of the mixture. The amount of accumulated cAMP was measured by radioimmunoassay in all of the experiments as described previously (Ugur and Onaran, 1997). Control experiments showed that different nucleotid ...
... indicated time points. In this case, the reaction was started by adding membranes to the rest of the mixture. The amount of accumulated cAMP was measured by radioimmunoassay in all of the experiments as described previously (Ugur and Onaran, 1997). Control experiments showed that different nucleotid ...