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BC Science 8 Chapter 2
BC Science 8 Chapter 2

... are millions of alveoli in each lung. Each aveoli is surrounded in a capillaires for gas exchange. ...
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... • Kidney failure results in toxins such as urea building up + salt/water balance being lost – certain death without dialysis • In a dialysis machine, blood thinners prevent clotting, dialysis fluid containing right amounts of minerals allows blood to diffuse to normal levels (urea etc go into dialys ...
Fellmann et al/Human Geography, 8/e
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... tubes called blood vessels and is transported by a pump called the heart. All of the nutrients and oxygen that tissues need must be delivered directly to them by the blood vessels. Due to its efficiency, a closed circulatory system allows organisms to become larger. Annelids and all vertebrates are ...
Learning About Cells - Carson
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... in different cases probably reflects the biochemical variability of the abnormal circulating proteins in this group of conditions. Two types of changes have been described in the cornea in multiple myeloma: (1) the crystalline form, and (2) the deep dystrophic form (Francois and Rabaey).3 Pathologic ...
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... during stasis. Further, cells lacking one will survive long term starvation and growth arrest. See text for details. or several of the primary oxidative-defense proteins become non-culturable prematurely during starvation. In addiappropriate conditions, resuscitate to become tion, in a Salmonella po ...
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Osmosis: An Important Type of Diffusion

... levels to stay alive and healthy. The movement of water into and out of a cell determines the solute concentration inside the cell. When water enters and exits a cell at the same rate, the cell maintains its size and shape (Figure 3(a)). When there is a lower concentration of water inside the cell t ...
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Chapter 28 Animal Tissue and Organ Systems

... Types of Epithelial Tissue (cont’d.) • Simple squamous epithelium functions in the exchange of materials • Cells of cuboidal and columnar epithelium function in absorption and secretion – Microvilli: thin projections from the plasma membrane of some epithelial cells; increase the surface area of th ...
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1, 2, 5, 6, 7 Time: 08:00

... ACTIVITIES (from Pacing Guide) Review unique 5. Plan and carry out investigations to Sum up polarity and pH of water by applying M properties of water. concepts questions and concept map explain how the unique properties of O Differentiate between water (e.g., polarity, cohesion, Review concepts fro ...
Human Circulation and Respiration Chapter 38
Human Circulation and Respiration Chapter 38

... pregnancy or during delivery. During delivery, there is sometimes a maternal-fetal blood interchange. If this occurs, the Rh– mother’s immune system creates antibodies against the Rh antigen. If the antibodies pass to the fetus, they will attack the fetus’s red blood cells. If antibodies are not pro ...
< 1 ... 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 ... 1638 >

Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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