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Biology 11 - Earthworm Dissection Guide
Biology 11 - Earthworm Dissection Guide

... worms cannot release themselves from the cocoon. They must be set free from the outside. They will only hatch if and when the conditions are right for their survival. If there are not enough soil bacteria (the good kind) the worms will not be released. The bacteria itself decays the outer part of th ...


... Boron deficiency in coffee is widely spread in Brazilian plantations, but responses to B fertilizer have been erratic, depending on the year, form and time of application and B source. A better understanding of the effects of B on plant physiology and anatomy is important to establish a rational fer ...
Meiotic long non-coding meiRNA accumulates as a dot at its genetic
Meiotic long non-coding meiRNA accumulates as a dot at its genetic

... Figure 2. The DSR motifs within meiRNA are required for dot formation. (a) Schematic illustration of the meiRNA visualizing system and two sme2 mutants: sme2–50 and sme2–30 . In the sme2–50 mutant, the terminator region of the nmt1 gene (Tnmt) is introduced 508 bp downstream from the transcription s ...
Protein diffusion in plant cell plasma membranes
Protein diffusion in plant cell plasma membranes

... “half times,” are useful for comparing mobilities of different proteins. Interestingly, the fluorescence recovery curve of PM proteins describes the sum of at least two additive mechanisms: the lateral mobility of the protein within the PM, and the exchange of proteins between cytoplasmic vesicles a ...
AP Biology
AP Biology

... grader. The course prerequisites are one year of biology and chemistry with an A or B+ average in both subjects. The course will focus on eight major biological themes: science as a process; evolution; energy transfer; continuity and change; the relationship of structure and function; regulation; in ...
An ARL1 mutation affected autophagic cell death in yeast
An ARL1 mutation affected autophagic cell death in yeast

... dlp2, we transformed cdc28 dlp2 cells with a genomic library and isolated seven revertants. All of the genomic DNAs that were recovered from the revertants differed in length, and all were subsequently mapped on yeast chromosome II and were found to contain five genes in common, ARL1, UBS1, TYR1, 16 ...
Microtubules and the Evolution of Mitosis
Microtubules and the Evolution of Mitosis

... and transcription, would be advantageous in such a multi-chromosome constellation. This might have been the driving force for the development of a nuclear envelope. The mechanisms of chromosomal segregation in mycoplasm should, therefore, recapitulate some aspects of this very early stage of mitotic ...
Document
Document

... 30) Which of the following statements concerning the endosymbiotic theory is FALSE? A) Eukaryotes were formed from the union of small anaerobic cells by larger aerobic cells. B) Mitochondria and chloroplasts can divide independently of the cell. C) Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA an ...
Apheresis: Definitions, Descriptions, and Developments
Apheresis: Definitions, Descriptions, and Developments

... and some poisons. The cells of the immune system circulate in the blood and lymph systems and also reside in specialized tissues such as the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. There are two principle modes of immunity: humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. Humoral immunity is realized through a ...
NIH Public Access
NIH Public Access

... The decision for progenitors to differentiate is made at the G1 phase of the cell cycle where Dtype cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors (CKIs) play an important role in regulating cell cycle exit. The CKIs regulate cell cycle progression by blocking phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma ...
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE

... range of 80-150ml/min/1.73m2. In neonates, normal glomerular filtration rate is much lower than in older children when expressed in terms of surface area (25-40ml/min/1.73m2) because neonates have a relatively large surface area compared to their body weight. Renal failure is defined as glomerular f ...
transfusion_reactions_and_their_management
transfusion_reactions_and_their_management

...  Coagulation screen  Renal function test (urea, creatinine and electrolytes)  Liver function tests (bilirubin, ALT and AST) ...
Ianello A, Raulet DH. 2013. Immune Surveillance of Unhealthy Cells by Natural Killer Cells. Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology.
Ianello A, Raulet DH. 2013. Immune Surveillance of Unhealthy Cells by Natural Killer Cells. Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology.

... the adenovirus E1A oncogene protein express higher levels of Raet1 mRNAs and the RAE-1 protein (Routes et al. 2005). Taken together, these studies suggest that oncogene activation represents a key cellular event in alerting the immune system to ongoing cellular transformation. Oncogene activation ca ...
VII - Jefferson City Public Schools
VII - Jefferson City Public Schools

... High School. Correct spelling of the terminology used in this chapter is required, as it is for most chapters. (It is easier to learn the terms correctly the first time than to have to relearn them later.) ...
chapt16_lecture
chapt16_lecture

... Exhalation in human beings is the process of expelling out of air containing carbon dioxide. The movement of the air while exhalation is through the bronchi, then through the airways and then it passes out through the nose. The exhaled air is completely depleted of oxygen. The lungs are the most imp ...
SP600125 Selectively Inhibits Histone H3
SP600125 Selectively Inhibits Histone H3

Class I MHC Molecule Protein in Association with an Allogeneic
Class I MHC Molecule Protein in Association with an Allogeneic

... proteins (3). 2C CTL specifically responds to Ld in association with the naturally processed peptide LSPFPFDL (p2Ca), isolated from spleen and other tissues (4), or the longer natural peptide VAITRIEQLSPFPFDL (p2Cb), isolated from the same source and containing the entire sequence of p2Ca (5). Both ...
blood ppt
blood ppt

Caveolae as potential macromolecule trafficking
Caveolae as potential macromolecule trafficking

... was visually enhanced by silver development. The very reflective particles of dense gold / silver caveolin-1 immunostain are shown in black. The images are shown in the grid in order left to right, top to bottom, starting from the uppermost surface of the paraffin section and moving through to the b ...
Antigen-Antibody Properties
Antigen-Antibody Properties

... • ABO blood groups and infectious diseases (Jenner?) ...
Staphylococcus aureus-induced G2/M phase transition delay
Staphylococcus aureus-induced G2/M phase transition delay

... reported that S. aureus can be internalized within the host epithelial cells and may therefore contribute to persistent infections [8]. Pathogens have highly sophisticated mechanisms to hijack the main function of the host cells, thus promoting their invasion and colonization. These effects include ...
Getting Muscles What They Need—Your Circulatory System
Getting Muscles What They Need—Your Circulatory System

... beat too slowly or too fast, or may not beat at a steady rate. When this happens, their cells may not get enough oxygen, making them feel dizzy, tired, or out of breath. Thanks to an amazing invention called the pacemaker, these people can do their everyday activities and even play sports. In fact, ...
The VirE3 protein of Agrobacterium mimics a host cell function
The VirE3 protein of Agrobacterium mimics a host cell function

... 1994; Christie, 1997; Tzfira and Citovsky, 2000; Tzfira et al, 2000; Zupan et al, 2000). Agrobacterium infection has traditionally been viewed as a process of T-DNA transport (Zambryski, 1989). Increasing evidence indicates, however, that in addition to T-DNA, a multitude of bacterial proteins, such ...
educator guide grades 4-8
educator guide grades 4-8

... The BODY WORLDS exhibitions rely on the generosity of body donors; individuals who bequeathed that, upon their death, their bodies could be used for educational purposes in the exhibitions. Currently, the Institute for Plastination has a donor roster of 8000 individuals, 490 are already deceased. Al ...
Modeling and Analysis of the Sugar Cataract Development Process
Modeling and Analysis of the Sugar Cataract Development Process

... reactions, thus reducing the chance of cataract development. However, many such drugs have off-target or unpredicted effects which perturb the system in other, often unexpected ways. The chemical reactions and kinetic coefficients for the model have been previously studied [8], but a model incorpora ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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