Modulation of T cell signaling by the actin cytoskeleton
... activation involves many spatially and temporally coordinated signaling processes on multiple time and length scales. There are three distinct stages during the activation process: T cell receptor (TCR) triggering, signal persistence and signal termination. A crawling T cell constantly scans the sur ...
... activation involves many spatially and temporally coordinated signaling processes on multiple time and length scales. There are three distinct stages during the activation process: T cell receptor (TCR) triggering, signal persistence and signal termination. A crawling T cell constantly scans the sur ...
Cellulose orientation determines mechanical anisotropy in onion
... mostly based on the observation that, in growing cells, cellulose microfibrils are usually transversely oriented to the vector of the cell extension (Baskin et al., 1999; Sugimoto et al., 2000). At the same time, there have been surprisingly few direct confirmations that a specific alignment of cell ...
... mostly based on the observation that, in growing cells, cellulose microfibrils are usually transversely oriented to the vector of the cell extension (Baskin et al., 1999; Sugimoto et al., 2000). At the same time, there have been surprisingly few direct confirmations that a specific alignment of cell ...
PDF - Bezanilla Lab
... a stable moss line where the For2A locus was modified by homologous recombination. Sequences encoding for 3 tandem GFPs were integrated at the 3⬘ end of For2A. Fluorescence from For2A3XmEGFP was found concentrated at the very apex of growing cells (Fig. 4). This localization reflects that of a funct ...
... a stable moss line where the For2A locus was modified by homologous recombination. Sequences encoding for 3 tandem GFPs were integrated at the 3⬘ end of For2A. Fluorescence from For2A3XmEGFP was found concentrated at the very apex of growing cells (Fig. 4). This localization reflects that of a funct ...
Active gel physics
... a system with polar symmetry, there are further terms allowed by this symmetry and the absence of time-reversal invariance (Box 1, equation (6)). First, the fluxes corresponding to the same conserved quantities have a term describing a spontaneous motion with respect to the barycentric velocity alon ...
... a system with polar symmetry, there are further terms allowed by this symmetry and the absence of time-reversal invariance (Box 1, equation (6)). First, the fluxes corresponding to the same conserved quantities have a term describing a spontaneous motion with respect to the barycentric velocity alon ...
Plasma Membrane Ghosts Form Differently When Produced from
... membrane, as the microtubules depolymerize during cell division to form division specific arrays (Gunning 1982, Baskin and Cande 1990). We have previously demonstrated that membrane ghosts produced from tobacco BY-2 suspension culture protoplasts retain both cortical microtubules as well as an exten ...
... membrane, as the microtubules depolymerize during cell division to form division specific arrays (Gunning 1982, Baskin and Cande 1990). We have previously demonstrated that membrane ghosts produced from tobacco BY-2 suspension culture protoplasts retain both cortical microtubules as well as an exten ...
plantcell.org - Photon Systems Instruments
... photosystem II (LHCII). Although roles for both carotenoids and specific polypeptides in thermal dissipation have been reported, neither the site nor the mechanism of this process has been defined precisely. Here, we describe the physiological and molecular characteristics of the Chlamydomonas reinh ...
... photosystem II (LHCII). Although roles for both carotenoids and specific polypeptides in thermal dissipation have been reported, neither the site nor the mechanism of this process has been defined precisely. Here, we describe the physiological and molecular characteristics of the Chlamydomonas reinh ...
Involvement of Native TRPC3 Proteins in ATP
... system. In line with this, when cells were exposed to higher Ca2⫹ gradients (10 mmol/L in the bath), a significant yet transient Ca2⫹ influx was observed (not shown). Ba2⫹ is not subject to the counteracting actions of such buffering systems, and enters the cell unidirectionally, magnifying any exis ...
... system. In line with this, when cells were exposed to higher Ca2⫹ gradients (10 mmol/L in the bath), a significant yet transient Ca2⫹ influx was observed (not shown). Ba2⫹ is not subject to the counteracting actions of such buffering systems, and enters the cell unidirectionally, magnifying any exis ...
5 | structure and function of plasma membranes
... of its mosaic nature, a very fine needle can easily penetrate a plasma membrane without causing it to burst, and the membrane will flow and self-seal when the needle is extracted. The mosaic characteristics of the membrane explain some but not all of its fluidity. There are two other factors that he ...
... of its mosaic nature, a very fine needle can easily penetrate a plasma membrane without causing it to burst, and the membrane will flow and self-seal when the needle is extracted. The mosaic characteristics of the membrane explain some but not all of its fluidity. There are two other factors that he ...
Role of glutamate on T-cell mediated immunity
... The pivotal role that glutamate plays in the functioning of the central nervous system is well established. Several glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters have been extensively described in the central nervous system where they, respectively mediate glutamate effects and regulates extracellu ...
... The pivotal role that glutamate plays in the functioning of the central nervous system is well established. Several glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters have been extensively described in the central nervous system where they, respectively mediate glutamate effects and regulates extracellu ...
Large Intercalated Neurons of Amygdala Relay Noxious Sensory
... Various GABAergic neuron types of the amygdala cooperate to control principal cell firing during fear-related and other behaviors, and understanding their specialized roles is important. Among GABAergic neurons, the so-called intercalated cells (ITCcs) are critically involved in the expression and e ...
... Various GABAergic neuron types of the amygdala cooperate to control principal cell firing during fear-related and other behaviors, and understanding their specialized roles is important. Among GABAergic neurons, the so-called intercalated cells (ITCcs) are critically involved in the expression and e ...
Elg1 forms an alternative RFC complex important for DNA
... with strains carrying deletions of MUS81 or MMS4. Several lines of evidence suggest that Mus81 and Mms4 are involved in the processing of stalled replication forks (Haber and Heyer, 2001; Kaliraman et al., 2001; Mullen et al., 2001). In these screens, the query mutant was crossed with the ~4600 stra ...
... with strains carrying deletions of MUS81 or MMS4. Several lines of evidence suggest that Mus81 and Mms4 are involved in the processing of stalled replication forks (Haber and Heyer, 2001; Kaliraman et al., 2001; Mullen et al., 2001). In these screens, the query mutant was crossed with the ~4600 stra ...
Chapter 4 - A Tour of the Cell 08-09
... • The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... • The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Calcium channel dynamics limit synaptic release in response to prosthetic... sinusoidal waveforms
... devoted to exploring whether vision can be partially restored ...
... devoted to exploring whether vision can be partially restored ...
Ciz1 cooperates with cyclin-A–CDK2 to activate mammalian DNA
... inactivating CDC6 and then, as its levels rise in late G1, activating the DNA replication machinery. Reversal of the natural order in which nuclei are exposed to cyclins E and A blocks initiation in vitro (Coverley et al., 2002), highlighting the rigid requirement for their sequential activity and t ...
... inactivating CDC6 and then, as its levels rise in late G1, activating the DNA replication machinery. Reversal of the natural order in which nuclei are exposed to cyclins E and A blocks initiation in vitro (Coverley et al., 2002), highlighting the rigid requirement for their sequential activity and t ...
Isolation of obligately alkaliphilic magnetotactic bacteria from
... sequences. All isolated strains were phylogenetically closely related to D. thiodismutans (16S rRNA gene sequence identity >_ 98.8%) and could be considered as new strains of this species (Fig. 2) depending on the minimal sequence identity used for the species taxon (Clarridge, 2004; Gevers et al., ...
... sequences. All isolated strains were phylogenetically closely related to D. thiodismutans (16S rRNA gene sequence identity >_ 98.8%) and could be considered as new strains of this species (Fig. 2) depending on the minimal sequence identity used for the species taxon (Clarridge, 2004; Gevers et al., ...
Phagosome maturation in unicellular eukaryote Paramecium: the
... pathway to ingest bacteria and other food particles. Digestion process starts up upon fusion of phagosomes (i.e. digestive vacuoles at stage II; DV-II) with the primary lysosomes (Allen and Fok 2000) on which we focused our analysis looking for molecular machinery involved in phagolysosome formation ...
... pathway to ingest bacteria and other food particles. Digestion process starts up upon fusion of phagosomes (i.e. digestive vacuoles at stage II; DV-II) with the primary lysosomes (Allen and Fok 2000) on which we focused our analysis looking for molecular machinery involved in phagolysosome formation ...
Culm strenth of a rice brittle mutant
... The cellulose in cell wall provides not only the necessary strength to resist the turgor pressure in plant cells but also has a distinct role in maintaining the size, shape and division/differentiation potential of most plant cells and ultimately the direction of plant growth. The deposition of cell ...
... The cellulose in cell wall provides not only the necessary strength to resist the turgor pressure in plant cells but also has a distinct role in maintaining the size, shape and division/differentiation potential of most plant cells and ultimately the direction of plant growth. The deposition of cell ...
Genome-wide Screen for Inner Nuclear Membrane
... nuclear pore complexes (NPC), the nucleus contains other subnuclear structures including the nucleolus, cajal bodies, speckles, gems, and the nuclear matrix (Review: LAMOND and SLEEMAN 2003). Because membranes do not separate the various subnuclear compartments from one another, their structure, bio ...
... nuclear pore complexes (NPC), the nucleus contains other subnuclear structures including the nucleolus, cajal bodies, speckles, gems, and the nuclear matrix (Review: LAMOND and SLEEMAN 2003). Because membranes do not separate the various subnuclear compartments from one another, their structure, bio ...
Bachelor of Science in Biology
... - Advanced Teaching Internship in Biology (BIOL:4897, 4 s.h., Fall and Spring semesters) - Investigative Lab used to satisfy requirement if not used under option E - Cell Biology Laboratory (BIOL:3626, 4 s.h., Fall semesters) - Developmental Biology Lab (BIOL:3736, 4 s.h., Spring semesters) ...
... - Advanced Teaching Internship in Biology (BIOL:4897, 4 s.h., Fall and Spring semesters) - Investigative Lab used to satisfy requirement if not used under option E - Cell Biology Laboratory (BIOL:3626, 4 s.h., Fall semesters) - Developmental Biology Lab (BIOL:3736, 4 s.h., Spring semesters) ...
A Cell is Like A (100 points) You will compare an animal or plant
... ribosomes, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, cell membrane, chromosomes, lysosome, vacuole. o Plant Cell Projects MUST include the following 12 organelles: nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, cell membrane, chromosomes, lysosome, ...
... ribosomes, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, cell membrane, chromosomes, lysosome, vacuole. o Plant Cell Projects MUST include the following 12 organelles: nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, cell membrane, chromosomes, lysosome, ...
The Role of the Plant Nucleolus in Pre-mRNA Processing
... rRNAs have been demonstrated and in which many of the protein and snoRNP components involved have been identified (Venema and Tollervey 1999; Fatica and Tollervey 2002). Initial cleavage of the pre-rRNA involves the U3, U14, MRP, snR10 and snR30 snoRNAs and the resultant precursors are trimmed by th ...
... rRNAs have been demonstrated and in which many of the protein and snoRNP components involved have been identified (Venema and Tollervey 1999; Fatica and Tollervey 2002). Initial cleavage of the pre-rRNA involves the U3, U14, MRP, snR10 and snR30 snoRNAs and the resultant precursors are trimmed by th ...
PLANT DEFENCES AGAINST PATHOGENS David Guest and John
... living cells. Consequently, they must establish a compatible cellular relationship with their hosts. Biotrophs act as 'sneaks'. They typically infect through natural openings or by directly penetrating their host's surface. They mostly then grow between the cells of their host and only penetrate hos ...
... living cells. Consequently, they must establish a compatible cellular relationship with their hosts. Biotrophs act as 'sneaks'. They typically infect through natural openings or by directly penetrating their host's surface. They mostly then grow between the cells of their host and only penetrate hos ...
Imaging Cell Wall Architecture in Single Zinnia
... in TEs. C and E, Bright-field images. D and F, AFM images: fast-Z for D and amplitude for F. For AFM, cells were dried on the substrate and thus appear flattened with their contents bulging out. C and D, Mesophyll cells possess chloroplasts and other organelles evident by both light microscopy and A ...
... in TEs. C and E, Bright-field images. D and F, AFM images: fast-Z for D and amplitude for F. For AFM, cells were dried on the substrate and thus appear flattened with their contents bulging out. C and D, Mesophyll cells possess chloroplasts and other organelles evident by both light microscopy and A ...