Plant speciation through chromosome instability and ploidy change
... such as aneuploidization and dysploidy (inversions and translocations). Despite the relevance of chromosomal instability as a driver for genome evolution and adaptation, little is yet known about the cellular mechanisms and processes that actually underlie these modifications. Here, in this paper, we ...
... such as aneuploidization and dysploidy (inversions and translocations). Despite the relevance of chromosomal instability as a driver for genome evolution and adaptation, little is yet known about the cellular mechanisms and processes that actually underlie these modifications. Here, in this paper, we ...
Requirement for chitin biosynthesis in epithelial tube morphogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 17014-17019. pdf
... Many organs are composed of branched networks of epithelial tubes that transport vital fluids or gases. The proper size and shape of tubes are crucial for their transport function, but the molecular processes that govern tube size and shape are not well understood. Here we show that three genes requ ...
... Many organs are composed of branched networks of epithelial tubes that transport vital fluids or gases. The proper size and shape of tubes are crucial for their transport function, but the molecular processes that govern tube size and shape are not well understood. Here we show that three genes requ ...
Structure-Function Analysis of the Conserved Histone Chaperone
... Chromatin structure is crucial to regulate access to the genome for processes such as transcription, recombination, DNA repair, and DNA replication. Spt6, a key factor involved in regulating chromatin struct ...
... Chromatin structure is crucial to regulate access to the genome for processes such as transcription, recombination, DNA repair, and DNA replication. Spt6, a key factor involved in regulating chromatin struct ...
Apical-basal pattern formation in the Arabidopsis
... In flowering plants, embryogenesis generates the primary body organisation as represented by the seedling to which new structures are added from the meristems of the shoot and the root during postembryonic development. The meristems arise as terminal elements of the apical-basal pattern along the ax ...
... In flowering plants, embryogenesis generates the primary body organisation as represented by the seedling to which new structures are added from the meristems of the shoot and the root during postembryonic development. The meristems arise as terminal elements of the apical-basal pattern along the ax ...
Variation in the size of the oqhcontaining linear
... Species variation in the size of the ospA-containing plasmid The size of the ospA-containing linear DNA molecule, the largest of the plasmids in most isolates, was determined by constant-field electrophoresis in 0.2 YO agarose gels (a representative gel is shown in Fig. la), which have a linear rang ...
... Species variation in the size of the ospA-containing plasmid The size of the ospA-containing linear DNA molecule, the largest of the plasmids in most isolates, was determined by constant-field electrophoresis in 0.2 YO agarose gels (a representative gel is shown in Fig. la), which have a linear rang ...
Development, 121, 4303-4308
... the eve cells develop, so we can be quite sure of this. We turn now to the opposite class of mosaics, in which, in the relevant area, the ectoderm is wingless+ and the mesoderm wingless−. We analysed 26 examples of single parasegments where there is an induction from the wingless+ ectoderm to the un ...
... the eve cells develop, so we can be quite sure of this. We turn now to the opposite class of mosaics, in which, in the relevant area, the ectoderm is wingless+ and the mesoderm wingless−. We analysed 26 examples of single parasegments where there is an induction from the wingless+ ectoderm to the un ...
Spo13 protects meiotic cohesin at centromeres in meiosis I
... to separate their sister chromatids in anaphase I. Thus, metaphase sister centromere separation in spo13⌬ cells is greater than that seen in wild-type cells in meiosis I, but less than that observed for wild-type cells in meiosis II. These results suggest that there are two defects in the interactio ...
... to separate their sister chromatids in anaphase I. Thus, metaphase sister centromere separation in spo13⌬ cells is greater than that seen in wild-type cells in meiosis I, but less than that observed for wild-type cells in meiosis II. These results suggest that there are two defects in the interactio ...
How to recognize and diagnose chromosome rearrangements. David D. Perkins Background
... Intrachromosomal transpositions. Expectations here are complex, depending on length of the transposed segment, distance between original and new location, whether transposition was to the opposite arm, and whether the inserted segment is inverted relative to its original orientation (see Figure 5 in ...
... Intrachromosomal transpositions. Expectations here are complex, depending on length of the transposed segment, distance between original and new location, whether transposition was to the opposite arm, and whether the inserted segment is inverted relative to its original orientation (see Figure 5 in ...
Redalyc.Molecular Epidemiology and Evolution of Avian Infectious
... genome remains unchanged (Cavanagh, 2007). This could be due to immunological pressure caused by the widespread use of vaccines, to recombination as a consequence of mixed infections, or to a reduction of dominant serotypes as a result of vaccination, allowing other field strains to emerge (Lee, 200 ...
... genome remains unchanged (Cavanagh, 2007). This could be due to immunological pressure caused by the widespread use of vaccines, to recombination as a consequence of mixed infections, or to a reduction of dominant serotypes as a result of vaccination, allowing other field strains to emerge (Lee, 200 ...
Genetic and experimental studies on a pigment
... basis of the Pale phenotype is a reduction in the density of melanosomes within' melanophores. The Pale phenotype does not lead to an alteration in melanophore number, size or shape, and melanosomes were rather evenly dispersed throughout P°-/Pa melanophores as they were in P/P melanophores. Possibl ...
... basis of the Pale phenotype is a reduction in the density of melanosomes within' melanophores. The Pale phenotype does not lead to an alteration in melanophore number, size or shape, and melanosomes were rather evenly dispersed throughout P°-/Pa melanophores as they were in P/P melanophores. Possibl ...
Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Root Hair
... and that the YFP-WRKY75 fusion protein is functional (Supplemental Table S3). The WRKY75 transcript levels of plants carrying this construct in the wrky75-25 background are lower than in Col-0 (Supplemental Fig. S6). This excludes the possibility that artificially high expression levels lead to the r ...
... and that the YFP-WRKY75 fusion protein is functional (Supplemental Table S3). The WRKY75 transcript levels of plants carrying this construct in the wrky75-25 background are lower than in Col-0 (Supplemental Fig. S6). This excludes the possibility that artificially high expression levels lead to the r ...
Reaction RXN-8964 (implausible prediction)
... “Implausible predictions” are not necessarily incorrect, as the genes involved might have several functions, of which only one is visible in sequence similarity-based or domain-based searches. Furthermore, they can include candidate genes that, even if they visibly do not correspond to the proposed ...
... “Implausible predictions” are not necessarily incorrect, as the genes involved might have several functions, of which only one is visible in sequence similarity-based or domain-based searches. Furthermore, they can include candidate genes that, even if they visibly do not correspond to the proposed ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... accurately, “nightlength”) that occurs over the course of the year. Plants are able to measure changes in photoperiod by means of a unique plant photoreceptor called phytochrome. Many species, however, also take advantage of other environmental cues to induce flowering. Indeed, in the case of the mo ...
... accurately, “nightlength”) that occurs over the course of the year. Plants are able to measure changes in photoperiod by means of a unique plant photoreceptor called phytochrome. Many species, however, also take advantage of other environmental cues to induce flowering. Indeed, in the case of the mo ...
A homozygous double mutation in SMN1
... SMN alleles and also provided SMN1 and SMN2 copy number. The test amplifies SMN exons 1, 2b, and 7, and CFTR exon 4 as an internal control, allowing simultaneous determination of SMN1 and SMN2 gene copy numbers by quantitation of the distinguishable exon 7 region, with concomitant copy numbers of mu ...
... SMN alleles and also provided SMN1 and SMN2 copy number. The test amplifies SMN exons 1, 2b, and 7, and CFTR exon 4 as an internal control, allowing simultaneous determination of SMN1 and SMN2 gene copy numbers by quantitation of the distinguishable exon 7 region, with concomitant copy numbers of mu ...
Tamoxifen or Raloxifene in Postmenopausal Women for Prevention
... effect). In fact, a beneficial carryover effect is beginning to emerge in the initial primary prevention trials of tamoxifen versus placebo such that reduction in risk for breast cancer seems to continue after treatment with tamoxifen is completed, but risk for most side effects is reduced (2, 17, 1 ...
... effect). In fact, a beneficial carryover effect is beginning to emerge in the initial primary prevention trials of tamoxifen versus placebo such that reduction in risk for breast cancer seems to continue after treatment with tamoxifen is completed, but risk for most side effects is reduced (2, 17, 1 ...
Abnormal anaphase resolution - Journal of Cell Science
... length of G2 phase within these newly cellularized embryonic cells (Edgar and O’Farrell, 1990), whereas zygotic expression of cyclin A is needed for subsequent cell division (Lehner and O’Farrell, 1989). Several other genes have been identified because mutations affect the behaviour or morphology of ...
... length of G2 phase within these newly cellularized embryonic cells (Edgar and O’Farrell, 1990), whereas zygotic expression of cyclin A is needed for subsequent cell division (Lehner and O’Farrell, 1989). Several other genes have been identified because mutations affect the behaviour or morphology of ...
research paper - WordPress.com
... of the symptoms for cleft lip and palate are facial and oral malfunctions. Problems with feeding and speech, and major ear infections. Cleft lip and palate can also majorly affect appearance of the face. Another major symptom is a splint and/or opening in the lip. The opening can be small or large e ...
... of the symptoms for cleft lip and palate are facial and oral malfunctions. Problems with feeding and speech, and major ear infections. Cleft lip and palate can also majorly affect appearance of the face. Another major symptom is a splint and/or opening in the lip. The opening can be small or large e ...
Hox patterning of the vertebrate axial skeleton
... Together, these experiments provided strong evidence that the HomC genes are critical AP patterning cues in the development of the body plan in Drosophila. In single Hox mutant mice, however, some defects have been characterized as anterior homeotic transformations—the kinds of transformations that ...
... Together, these experiments provided strong evidence that the HomC genes are critical AP patterning cues in the development of the body plan in Drosophila. In single Hox mutant mice, however, some defects have been characterized as anterior homeotic transformations—the kinds of transformations that ...
Math of Genetics - College of William & Mary
... How Genes Are Inherited The average human had 46 chromosomes (2 sets of ...
... How Genes Are Inherited The average human had 46 chromosomes (2 sets of ...
Bacterial evolution and the cost of antibiotic resistance
... was present. Bleomycin causes damage to DNA, and such damage may also occur during prolonged starvation. The gene product responsible for bleomycin resistance is thought to play some role in DNA repair, which may explain its beneficial effect during starvation. But there is a caveat The preceding ev ...
... was present. Bleomycin causes damage to DNA, and such damage may also occur during prolonged starvation. The gene product responsible for bleomycin resistance is thought to play some role in DNA repair, which may explain its beneficial effect during starvation. But there is a caveat The preceding ev ...
Gene interactions in the evolution of genomic imprinting
... Numerous evolutionary theories have been developed to explain the epigenetic phenomenon of genomic imprinting. Here, we explore a subset of theories wherein non-additive genetic interactions can favour imprinting. In the simplest genic interaction— the case of underdominance—imprinting can be favour ...
... Numerous evolutionary theories have been developed to explain the epigenetic phenomenon of genomic imprinting. Here, we explore a subset of theories wherein non-additive genetic interactions can favour imprinting. In the simplest genic interaction— the case of underdominance—imprinting can be favour ...
Linkage Analysis Package
... the phenotype code “2” and that an unknown individual will have the code “0.” By convention, “1” is used to designate unaffected status (in fact, this code can be any integer value other than 0 and 2). If necessary, the unknown and affected codes can be changed in the program code, and the programs ...
... the phenotype code “2” and that an unknown individual will have the code “0.” By convention, “1” is used to designate unaffected status (in fact, this code can be any integer value other than 0 and 2). If necessary, the unknown and affected codes can be changed in the program code, and the programs ...
Site-specific recombinase technology
Nearly every human gene has a counterpart in the mouse (regardless of the fact that a minor set of orthologues had to follow species specific selection routes). This made the mouse the major model for elucidating the ways in which our genetic material encodes information. In the late 1980s gene targeting in murine embryonic stem (ES-)cells enabled the transmission of mutations into the mouse germ line and emerged as a novel option to study the genetic basis of regulatory networks as they exist in the genome. Still, classical gene targeting proved to be limited in several ways as gene functions became irreversibly destroyed by the marker gene that had to be introduced for selecting recombinant ES cells. These early steps led to animals in which the mutation was present in all cells of the body from the beginning leading to complex phenotypes and/or early lethality. There was a clear need for methods to restrict these mutations to specific points in development and specific cell types. This dream became reality when groups in the USA were able to introduce bacteriophage and yeast-derived site-specific recombination (SSR-) systems into mammalian cells as well as into the mouse