paper
... await the results of future research. It is clear, even though the magnitude is in doubt, that the base substitution rate is much higher in males than in females and that the difference increases with paternal (or grandpaternal) age. This supports the view that base substitutions are associated with ...
... await the results of future research. It is clear, even though the magnitude is in doubt, that the base substitution rate is much higher in males than in females and that the difference increases with paternal (or grandpaternal) age. This supports the view that base substitutions are associated with ...
Familial nonrandom inactivation linked to the X inactivation
... in the cis inactivation pathway, located in the proximal long arm, in Xq13.2. The noncoding RNA transcribed only from the XIST locus on an inactive X surrounds the chromosome and induces the chromatin modifications and transcriptional silence characteristic of an inactive X. The centre also includes ...
... in the cis inactivation pathway, located in the proximal long arm, in Xq13.2. The noncoding RNA transcribed only from the XIST locus on an inactive X surrounds the chromosome and induces the chromatin modifications and transcriptional silence characteristic of an inactive X. The centre also includes ...
Regulation of DNA Polymerase Exonucleolytic Proofreading Activity
... DXXS411L 412YPSII417, that forms part of the polymerase active center. Another mutation that encodes a Cys substitution for Arg335 was also identified by this selection strategy (Reha-Krantz and Wong 1996). Thus two regions of the DNA polymerase have been identified in which single amino acid substi ...
... DXXS411L 412YPSII417, that forms part of the polymerase active center. Another mutation that encodes a Cys substitution for Arg335 was also identified by this selection strategy (Reha-Krantz and Wong 1996). Thus two regions of the DNA polymerase have been identified in which single amino acid substi ...
SPT3 interacts with TFIID to allow normal transcription in
... proteins under the conditions described in Materials and methods: (Lane 1) No additions; (lanes 2-6) 2 ng of E. coil-produced TFIID; (lanes 7-11) 2 ng of E. coli-produced TFIID--G174E; (lanes 3,8) 0.2,1 ~g of partially purified HeLa TFIIA; (lanes 4,9) 0.42 ~g of HeLa TFIIA; (lanes 5,t0) 0.84 ~g of H ...
... proteins under the conditions described in Materials and methods: (Lane 1) No additions; (lanes 2-6) 2 ng of E. coil-produced TFIID; (lanes 7-11) 2 ng of E. coli-produced TFIID--G174E; (lanes 3,8) 0.2,1 ~g of partially purified HeLa TFIIA; (lanes 4,9) 0.42 ~g of HeLa TFIIA; (lanes 5,t0) 0.84 ~g of H ...
Structure, expression and chromosomal location of the Oct
... the t "Sg genomic copy of Oct-4. The Oct-4 gene consists of five exons and four introns (Fig. 4B). The size of both short introns, 2 and 4, was accurately assessable by DNA sequencing, whereas the size of introns 1 and 3 was approximated by PCR analysis of the cloned t wSg genomic Oct-4 DNA. The exo ...
... the t "Sg genomic copy of Oct-4. The Oct-4 gene consists of five exons and four introns (Fig. 4B). The size of both short introns, 2 and 4, was accurately assessable by DNA sequencing, whereas the size of introns 1 and 3 was approximated by PCR analysis of the cloned t wSg genomic Oct-4 DNA. The exo ...
A Pneumocystis carinii multi-gene family with
... strategy to evade the immune response of the host by antigenic variation (Sunkin & Stringer, 1996). The genes comprising the novel P. carinii PRTl multigene family described in this paper show high levels of homology with subtilisin-like serine proteases. These are a group of endoproteases which hav ...
... strategy to evade the immune response of the host by antigenic variation (Sunkin & Stringer, 1996). The genes comprising the novel P. carinii PRTl multigene family described in this paper show high levels of homology with subtilisin-like serine proteases. These are a group of endoproteases which hav ...
Identification of four small molecular mass proteins in the silk of
... in hot alkaline water during silk reeling. The structure and expression patterns of major silk genes have also been elucidated in the waxmoth, Galleria mellonella (suprafamily Pyraloidea), a lepidopteran distantly related to B. mori. It was found that the overall silk composition and the silk gene s ...
... in hot alkaline water during silk reeling. The structure and expression patterns of major silk genes have also been elucidated in the waxmoth, Galleria mellonella (suprafamily Pyraloidea), a lepidopteran distantly related to B. mori. It was found that the overall silk composition and the silk gene s ...
SEX DETERMINATION AND SEX CHROMOSOMES
... Dosage compensation refers to the phenomenon in which the level of expression of many genes on the sex chromosomes (e.g., the X chromosome) is similar in both sexes, even though males and females have a different complement of sex chromosomes. This term was coined in 1932 by Hermann Muller to explai ...
... Dosage compensation refers to the phenomenon in which the level of expression of many genes on the sex chromosomes (e.g., the X chromosome) is similar in both sexes, even though males and females have a different complement of sex chromosomes. This term was coined in 1932 by Hermann Muller to explai ...
a role for mitochondrial enzymes in inherited neoplasia and beyond
... known inherited kidney cancer syndromes (TABLE 2). The apparently dominantly inherited tumours are solitary and aggressive, and usually occur early in life (between the ages of 26 and 48 years). A key feature of these tumours is their histopathology — all component renal carcinomas that have been ex ...
... known inherited kidney cancer syndromes (TABLE 2). The apparently dominantly inherited tumours are solitary and aggressive, and usually occur early in life (between the ages of 26 and 48 years). A key feature of these tumours is their histopathology — all component renal carcinomas that have been ex ...
Multiple Domains Exist within the Upstream Activator
... direct the synthesis and secretion of unusual amino acid and sugar derivatives called opines. The inciting strain of Agrobacterium can utilize these opines as a carbon and sometimes a nitrogen source. Agrobacterium strains can be classified based upon their ability to catabolize particular opines. ( ...
... direct the synthesis and secretion of unusual amino acid and sugar derivatives called opines. The inciting strain of Agrobacterium can utilize these opines as a carbon and sometimes a nitrogen source. Agrobacterium strains can be classified based upon their ability to catabolize particular opines. ( ...
A Case Study of Leopard Appaloosa Alpacas in one
... been sired by five separate males. If the gene is so rare, it seems beyond coincidence that five different males would be carrying the same gene. The results, therefore, would tend to support the earlier assertion based on research with horses as (Wilpedia, 2009) that the gene has dominance, which w ...
... been sired by five separate males. If the gene is so rare, it seems beyond coincidence that five different males would be carrying the same gene. The results, therefore, would tend to support the earlier assertion based on research with horses as (Wilpedia, 2009) that the gene has dominance, which w ...
Blueprint of life
... Use letters to represent the possible offspring in the second generation. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ...
... Use letters to represent the possible offspring in the second generation. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ...
B-Bolivia, an Allele of the Maize b1 Gene with Variable Expression
... plants grown from colored seeds produced a somewhat higher proportion of colored kernels, however this difference between the average values was not statistically significant. These results indicate that the on or off pigment expression state of a particular seed is not heritable because both types ...
... plants grown from colored seeds produced a somewhat higher proportion of colored kernels, however this difference between the average values was not statistically significant. These results indicate that the on or off pigment expression state of a particular seed is not heritable because both types ...
310 - aaabg
... al. 2012). White pelts are preferred to other colours (brown, black and grey) on the market (Campbell 2007) because they can be dyed to any desired colour to make coats and other fashion products. Production of white pelt is however hampered by a sub-vital factor that affects some of the pure white ...
... al. 2012). White pelts are preferred to other colours (brown, black and grey) on the market (Campbell 2007) because they can be dyed to any desired colour to make coats and other fashion products. Production of white pelt is however hampered by a sub-vital factor that affects some of the pure white ...
A Very Short course in - NZ RED DEVON CATTLE BREEDERS
... and crossed them with other peas that always produced wrinkled seeds. Peas are normally selfpollinating. But Mendel pinched off the pollen producing parts on the blossoms of the plants that produced wrinkled seeds, then fertilised them with pollen from plants that bred true for round seeds. Then he ...
... and crossed them with other peas that always produced wrinkled seeds. Peas are normally selfpollinating. But Mendel pinched off the pollen producing parts on the blossoms of the plants that produced wrinkled seeds, then fertilised them with pollen from plants that bred true for round seeds. Then he ...
RNA interference pathways display high rates of adaptive protein
... interference (RNAi) pathway genes involved in the suppression of viruses and transposable elements in Drosophila melanogaster, suggesting that a subset of Drosophila RNAi genes may be locked into an arms race with these parasites. However, it is not known whether rapid evolution of RNAi genes is a g ...
... interference (RNAi) pathway genes involved in the suppression of viruses and transposable elements in Drosophila melanogaster, suggesting that a subset of Drosophila RNAi genes may be locked into an arms race with these parasites. However, it is not known whether rapid evolution of RNAi genes is a g ...
Association of MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A) polymorphism with knee
... healthy controls). Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to genotype distribution (P [ 0.05). The 5A allele frequency was indicated as 15.5 %, and 6A allele ...
... healthy controls). Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to genotype distribution (P [ 0.05). The 5A allele frequency was indicated as 15.5 %, and 6A allele ...
My PP Genetics
... The two strands of DNA separate. One strand serves as a template for constructing the RNA transcript. – mRNA – messenger RNA RNA uses uracil (U) instead of thymine (T). RNA polymerase adds the free nucleotides to the growing RNA molecule. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pears ...
... The two strands of DNA separate. One strand serves as a template for constructing the RNA transcript. – mRNA – messenger RNA RNA uses uracil (U) instead of thymine (T). RNA polymerase adds the free nucleotides to the growing RNA molecule. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pears ...
The Evolution of Vertebrate Sex Chromosomes
... researchers interpreted them in the context of the theories built on Muller’s ideas. Pairing ...
... researchers interpreted them in the context of the theories built on Muller’s ideas. Pairing ...
Genes and Genetic Testing in Hereditary Ataxias
... caused by environmental factors, such as alcohol, trauma, or exposure to toxins, or by other underlying medical conditions such as stroke, infection, tumors, or vitamin deficiencies. However, many ataxias have an underlying genetic cause. Hereditary ataxias are a group of highly heterogeneous diseas ...
... caused by environmental factors, such as alcohol, trauma, or exposure to toxins, or by other underlying medical conditions such as stroke, infection, tumors, or vitamin deficiencies. However, many ataxias have an underlying genetic cause. Hereditary ataxias are a group of highly heterogeneous diseas ...
Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding a novel Ca2+
... nuclease has recently been found [6], although its function has not been characterized. In eukaryotes, no other homologs have been identi¢ed, and thus the biological function of the plant homolog is of great interest. Here we describe cDNA for staphylococcal nuclease homolog from Arabidopsis thalian ...
... nuclease has recently been found [6], although its function has not been characterized. In eukaryotes, no other homologs have been identi¢ed, and thus the biological function of the plant homolog is of great interest. Here we describe cDNA for staphylococcal nuclease homolog from Arabidopsis thalian ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... process; e.g., R. leguminosarum bv. viciae nodulates common vetch, pea, sweet pea, and lentil but not clover or bean, whereas R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii nodulates only clover. Many genes required for root nodule formation (nod genes) by Rhizobium species, including those of R. leguminosarum, are ...
... process; e.g., R. leguminosarum bv. viciae nodulates common vetch, pea, sweet pea, and lentil but not clover or bean, whereas R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii nodulates only clover. Many genes required for root nodule formation (nod genes) by Rhizobium species, including those of R. leguminosarum, are ...
- Wiley Online Library
... upstream from the XCC4100 gene, encoding a putative xylose isomerase (Table 1). Interestingly, several genes surrounding XCC2828, XCC4100, XCC4119 and XCC4120 genes code for proteins displaying high similarities to proteins of the xylose regulon of Cc-CB15 (Fig. 2a; Table S2). Among these proteins, ...
... upstream from the XCC4100 gene, encoding a putative xylose isomerase (Table 1). Interestingly, several genes surrounding XCC2828, XCC4100, XCC4119 and XCC4120 genes code for proteins displaying high similarities to proteins of the xylose regulon of Cc-CB15 (Fig. 2a; Table S2). Among these proteins, ...
5.2 Dominant, Recessive, Heterozygous
... Reginald has one allele for green eyes, and one allele for brown eyes. He is heterozygous for eye color. ...
... Reginald has one allele for green eyes, and one allele for brown eyes. He is heterozygous for eye color. ...
Gene
A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as the gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term ""having a gene"" (e.g., ""good genes,"" ""hair colour gene"") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.The concept of a gene continues to be refined as new phenomena are discovered. For example, regulatory regions of a gene can be far removed from its coding regions, and coding regions can be split into several exons. Some viruses store their genome in RNA instead of DNA and some gene products are functional non-coding RNAs. Therefore, a broad, modern working definition of a gene is any discrete locus of heritable, genomic sequence which affect an organism's traits by being expressed as a functional product or by regulation of gene expression.