KliperEtAl CIP2010
... of great debate and while researchers have acknowledged the need to account for properties of invariance and specificity, the prediction requirement of a single cell model is still phrased in terms of response predictions. In addition, physiological evidence accumulated over the past decade remains ...
... of great debate and while researchers have acknowledged the need to account for properties of invariance and specificity, the prediction requirement of a single cell model is still phrased in terms of response predictions. In addition, physiological evidence accumulated over the past decade remains ...
Gaze direction controls response gain in primary visual
... animals, were performed according to the Public Health Service policy on the use of laboratory animals. Two monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were placed in complete darkness, with their head ®xed, and trained to ®xate on a small bright target (12 min of arc) on a video screen. Eye position was monitored usi ...
... animals, were performed according to the Public Health Service policy on the use of laboratory animals. Two monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were placed in complete darkness, with their head ®xed, and trained to ®xate on a small bright target (12 min of arc) on a video screen. Eye position was monitored usi ...
Perceptual and Semantic Contributions to
... exposures reduces, if not eliminates altogether, the behavioral facilitation. Conceptual or semantic priming occurs despite such changes and is instead linked to the underlying referent (i.e., the object itself). While both classes of priming have been documented using visual and linguistic (both vi ...
... exposures reduces, if not eliminates altogether, the behavioral facilitation. Conceptual or semantic priming occurs despite such changes and is instead linked to the underlying referent (i.e., the object itself). While both classes of priming have been documented using visual and linguistic (both vi ...
BOLD signal - Department of Psychology
... measure blood flow in area of peripheral visual cortex – away from foveal representation of fixation point – on some trials visual stimuli were presented to activate the measured area ...
... measure blood flow in area of peripheral visual cortex – away from foveal representation of fixation point – on some trials visual stimuli were presented to activate the measured area ...
Chapter 6: Summary and Discussion
... meaningful concepts of our surroundings and act towards our goals. All our actions are motivated by obtaining reward, be it on the short or longer term, in one form or the other. During this process, through repeated trials and errors, we refine our methods and become more effective in what we do. I ...
... meaningful concepts of our surroundings and act towards our goals. All our actions are motivated by obtaining reward, be it on the short or longer term, in one form or the other. During this process, through repeated trials and errors, we refine our methods and become more effective in what we do. I ...
Visual Field and the Human Visual System
... Tissues have been stained with Nissl to show cell bodies, which appear as dots. Note the six layers and the larger size of the cells in the two ventral layers. They are in the magnocellular layers, whereas the smaller cells are in the four dorsal parvocellular layers. (Adapted from Hubel, 1988). ...
... Tissues have been stained with Nissl to show cell bodies, which appear as dots. Note the six layers and the larger size of the cells in the two ventral layers. They are in the magnocellular layers, whereas the smaller cells are in the four dorsal parvocellular layers. (Adapted from Hubel, 1988). ...
Midterm 1 with answer key
... before features that are closest to the bottom of the visual field. d) It refers to the sequential order in which low level features are combined into increasingly complex higher order perceptual objects like geons. 21. Which of the following provided the earliest evidence for feature detectors in h ...
... before features that are closest to the bottom of the visual field. d) It refers to the sequential order in which low level features are combined into increasingly complex higher order perceptual objects like geons. 21. Which of the following provided the earliest evidence for feature detectors in h ...
Reflex Arc - wwhsanatomy
... e.g. the contraction of one group of muscles is opposed by the inhibition of another group of opposing muscles The contraction of a flexing muscle may trigger the STRETCH REFLEX of another muscle 4. They have reverberating circuits that PROLONG the reflex motor response even after the initial stimul ...
... e.g. the contraction of one group of muscles is opposed by the inhibition of another group of opposing muscles The contraction of a flexing muscle may trigger the STRETCH REFLEX of another muscle 4. They have reverberating circuits that PROLONG the reflex motor response even after the initial stimul ...
Paper: Temporal Convergence of Dynamic Cell Assemblies in the
... The basal ganglia (BG) have been hypothesized to implement a reinforcement learning algorithm. However, it is not clear how information is processed along this network, thus enabling it to perform its functional role. Here we present three different encoding schemes of visual cues associated with re ...
... The basal ganglia (BG) have been hypothesized to implement a reinforcement learning algorithm. However, it is not clear how information is processed along this network, thus enabling it to perform its functional role. Here we present three different encoding schemes of visual cues associated with re ...
Responses to Rare Visual Target and Distractor Stimuli Using Event
... 1997; Knight and Nakada 1998). This suggests that some portion of the neural activity evoked by these stimuli is not observed using fMRI. In a previous study (Clark et al. 1998), we introduced a method for performing event-related fMRI using multiple regression, which has shown greater sensitivity t ...
... 1997; Knight and Nakada 1998). This suggests that some portion of the neural activity evoked by these stimuli is not observed using fMRI. In a previous study (Clark et al. 1998), we introduced a method for performing event-related fMRI using multiple regression, which has shown greater sensitivity t ...
principles and techniques of the examination of the trigeminal nerve
... region of blunted sensation outward, noting the borders of normal sensation. As is observed in plotting relative defects in the visual field, there is often a graduated cutaneous sensory loss with margins that vary with the degree of stimulation. Consequently, heavier pinpricks are likely to show a ...
... region of blunted sensation outward, noting the borders of normal sensation. As is observed in plotting relative defects in the visual field, there is often a graduated cutaneous sensory loss with margins that vary with the degree of stimulation. Consequently, heavier pinpricks are likely to show a ...
Neuronal activity in dorsomedial frontal cortex and prefrontal cortex
... that, when monkeys respond to nonspatial features of a discriminative stimulus (e.g., color) and the stimulus appears at a place unrelated to the movement target, neurons nevertheless encode stimulus location. This observation could support the idea that these neurons always encode stimulus location ...
... that, when monkeys respond to nonspatial features of a discriminative stimulus (e.g., color) and the stimulus appears at a place unrelated to the movement target, neurons nevertheless encode stimulus location. This observation could support the idea that these neurons always encode stimulus location ...
An Investigation into the Role of Cortical Synaptic Depression in
... The Effect of Masker Duration : In psychophysical experiments it has been shown that the degree of masking is affected by the duration of the masker and masking increases with masker duration (Kidd and Feth, 1982). This was also found to be the case by (Brosch and Schreiner, 1997) in their recording ...
... The Effect of Masker Duration : In psychophysical experiments it has been shown that the degree of masking is affected by the duration of the masker and masking increases with masker duration (Kidd and Feth, 1982). This was also found to be the case by (Brosch and Schreiner, 1997) in their recording ...
Ch 8 (Student MCQs etc)
... which it is sensitive. But the output of the +20 deg. channel will be even smaller, not only because the stimulus is not optimal for the channel, but also because the channel’s sensitivity has been reduced by the prior adaptation to a 20 deg. stimulus. So the −20 degree channel will clearly be more ...
... which it is sensitive. But the output of the +20 deg. channel will be even smaller, not only because the stimulus is not optimal for the channel, but also because the channel’s sensitivity has been reduced by the prior adaptation to a 20 deg. stimulus. So the −20 degree channel will clearly be more ...
ppt
... performance is typically measured by the percentage of correct predictions. • But even with an optimal decoder, the amount of extracted information may be less than the information available in the neuronal responses. ...
... performance is typically measured by the percentage of correct predictions. • But even with an optimal decoder, the amount of extracted information may be less than the information available in the neuronal responses. ...
Slides from Discussion section VI 11/15/2004 (Elissa
... This study supports the notion that perception of visual category information is processed in the Inferior Temporal cortex ...
... This study supports the notion that perception of visual category information is processed in the Inferior Temporal cortex ...
Notes
... 1. Cell Body: This contains the nucleus and other metabolic structures required to keep the cell alive. 2. Dendrites: This branch out from the cell body to receive electrical signals from other neurons. 3. Axon or Nerve Fibre: A tube filled with fluids that conducts the electrical signal. Many such ...
... 1. Cell Body: This contains the nucleus and other metabolic structures required to keep the cell alive. 2. Dendrites: This branch out from the cell body to receive electrical signals from other neurons. 3. Axon or Nerve Fibre: A tube filled with fluids that conducts the electrical signal. Many such ...
Neural Pathways and Transmission
... the membrane of the neuron, causing a difference in charge across the membrane Potassium and sodium ions line the membrane in unequal distribution to cause a positive exterior and a negatively charged interior Potassium (K+) is concentrated on the interior of the cell, sodium (Na+) on the outside Wh ...
... the membrane of the neuron, causing a difference in charge across the membrane Potassium and sodium ions line the membrane in unequal distribution to cause a positive exterior and a negatively charged interior Potassium (K+) is concentrated on the interior of the cell, sodium (Na+) on the outside Wh ...
1 - Sur Lab
... stimulate each pin individually (I) and in conjunction with other pins at distinct and precise stimulus intensities (J). Figure 2. Precise control over neuronal activity using the spatiotemporal stimulator. (A) A cortical slice is interfaced with a chip, and simultaneous patch-clamp is achieved on a ...
... stimulate each pin individually (I) and in conjunction with other pins at distinct and precise stimulus intensities (J). Figure 2. Precise control over neuronal activity using the spatiotemporal stimulator. (A) A cortical slice is interfaced with a chip, and simultaneous patch-clamp is achieved on a ...
Document
... suppression declined at longer intervals. In most cases the suppression affected the late part of the response. ES alone evoked short latency excitation within 5ms and a longer lasting suppression of spontaneous activity. In some neurons the suppression of spontaneous activity decreased over repetit ...
... suppression declined at longer intervals. In most cases the suppression affected the late part of the response. ES alone evoked short latency excitation within 5ms and a longer lasting suppression of spontaneous activity. In some neurons the suppression of spontaneous activity decreased over repetit ...
A Maximum-Likelihood Approach to Modeling Multisensory
... single-modality stimulus (cf. [3]). Response enhancement in the DSC neurons can be quite impressive, with values of M RE sometimes reaching values above 1000. Typically, this enhancement is most dramatic when the unimodal stimuli are weak and/or ambiguous, a principle referred to in [3] as ”inverse ...
... single-modality stimulus (cf. [3]). Response enhancement in the DSC neurons can be quite impressive, with values of M RE sometimes reaching values above 1000. Typically, this enhancement is most dramatic when the unimodal stimuli are weak and/or ambiguous, a principle referred to in [3] as ”inverse ...
BOLD fMRI - BIAC – Duke
... • fMRI response varies with pooled neuronal activity in a brain region – Behavior/cognitive ability determined by pooled activity ...
... • fMRI response varies with pooled neuronal activity in a brain region – Behavior/cognitive ability determined by pooled activity ...
salinas-banbury-2004.
... • wij - connection from GM neuron j to output neuron i • Encoded target location is center of mass of output units • wij set to minimize difference between desired and driven output ...
... • wij - connection from GM neuron j to output neuron i • Encoded target location is center of mass of output units • wij set to minimize difference between desired and driven output ...
Response priming
In the psychology of perception and motor control, the term response priming denotes a special form of priming. Generally, priming effects take place whenever a response to a target stimulus is influenced by a prime stimulus presented at an earlier time. The distinctive feature of response priming is that prime and target are presented in quick succession (typically, less than 100 milliseconds apart) and are coupled to identical or alternative motor responses. When a speeded motor response is performed to classify the target stimulus, a prime immediately preceding the target can thus induce response conflicts when assigned to a different response as the target. These response conflicts have observable effects on motor behavior, leading to priming effects, e.g., in response times and error rates. A special property of response priming is its independence from visual awareness of the prime.