Solubility Equilibria
... A salt is an ionic compound usually a metal cation bonded to a non-metal anion. The dissolving of a salt is an example of equilibrium. The cations and anions are attracted to each other in the salt. They are also attracted to the water molecules. The water molecules will start to pull out some of th ...
... A salt is an ionic compound usually a metal cation bonded to a non-metal anion. The dissolving of a salt is an example of equilibrium. The cations and anions are attracted to each other in the salt. They are also attracted to the water molecules. The water molecules will start to pull out some of th ...
Electrochemistry Lecture
... 2 Ca (s) + O2 2CaO Which is undergoing oxidation ? Reduction? Oxidation: Ca Ca+2 Reduction: O2 O-2 Oxidizing agent; That which is responsible to oxidize another. O2 ; Oxidizing agent; The agent itself undergoes reduction ...
... 2 Ca (s) + O2 2CaO Which is undergoing oxidation ? Reduction? Oxidation: Ca Ca+2 Reduction: O2 O-2 Oxidizing agent; That which is responsible to oxidize another. O2 ; Oxidizing agent; The agent itself undergoes reduction ...
SAMPLE EXAMINATION IV Section I – Multiple Choice
... This system illustrates solubility equilibrium established according to the equation Na2 CO3(s) 2Na+ (aq) + CO3 2− (aq) Statement I is correct. Molality is defined as moles solute per kilogram solvent; molarity is defined as moles solute per liter of solution. For most aqueous solutions, the num ...
... This system illustrates solubility equilibrium established according to the equation Na2 CO3(s) 2Na+ (aq) + CO3 2− (aq) Statement I is correct. Molality is defined as moles solute per kilogram solvent; molarity is defined as moles solute per liter of solution. For most aqueous solutions, the num ...
N5 Chemistry Course Specification 2017-18 session
... For solutions, the mass of solute (grams or g), the number of moles of solute (moles or mol), the volume of solution (litres or l) or the concentration of the solution (moles per litre or mol l-1) can be calculated from data provided. Given a balanced equation, the mass or number of moles of a subst ...
... For solutions, the mass of solute (grams or g), the number of moles of solute (moles or mol), the volume of solution (litres or l) or the concentration of the solution (moles per litre or mol l-1) can be calculated from data provided. Given a balanced equation, the mass or number of moles of a subst ...
C7 Revision Notes 2015
... quantity) eggs eg. 16 g/ml As a general rule. If you are given data with numbers in it, then its probably quantitative data, like continuous data in maths. If it is discrete data, then it is likely to be qualitative. Analysis ...
... quantity) eggs eg. 16 g/ml As a general rule. If you are given data with numbers in it, then its probably quantitative data, like continuous data in maths. If it is discrete data, then it is likely to be qualitative. Analysis ...
12.3
... Solutions are often diluted just before use, because those of greater molarity take up less lab space. Chemists can have solutions of greater molarity and lower volume in stock and then dilute them to ones of higher volume and lower molarity for use. Note that a 1 M solution is not made by adding 1 ...
... Solutions are often diluted just before use, because those of greater molarity take up less lab space. Chemists can have solutions of greater molarity and lower volume in stock and then dilute them to ones of higher volume and lower molarity for use. Note that a 1 M solution is not made by adding 1 ...
Cloud droplet activation and surface tension of mixtures of slightly
... mann, 1996). A van’t Hoff factor of 1 and 2 was used for organic acid (Kiss and Hansson, 2004) and NaCl, respectively. As predicted by Shulman et al. (1996), the Köhler curve obtained using modified Köhler theory has up to three maxima (Fig. 1). The cusps represent the points where adipic and succ ...
... mann, 1996). A van’t Hoff factor of 1 and 2 was used for organic acid (Kiss and Hansson, 2004) and NaCl, respectively. As predicted by Shulman et al. (1996), the Köhler curve obtained using modified Köhler theory has up to three maxima (Fig. 1). The cusps represent the points where adipic and succ ...
chm3400testfin
... 1. (24 points) The temperature of 1.000 mol of chlorine gas (Cl2(g)) is changed from an initial value T i = 250.0 K to a final temperature Tf = 350.0 K. The process is carried out reversibly at a constant pressure p = 0.500 bar. For the conditions of the problem you may assume that chlorine gas beha ...
... 1. (24 points) The temperature of 1.000 mol of chlorine gas (Cl2(g)) is changed from an initial value T i = 250.0 K to a final temperature Tf = 350.0 K. The process is carried out reversibly at a constant pressure p = 0.500 bar. For the conditions of the problem you may assume that chlorine gas beha ...
Laboratory 3
... nitrate) look like when they react with hydrogen peroxide. Be sure to make careful observations in your notebook. Later, you will use this test to determine which anion is present in a solution by repeating the experiment and comparing your observations. 2. Add 5 drops of KI, 5 drops nitric acid, 10 ...
... nitrate) look like when they react with hydrogen peroxide. Be sure to make careful observations in your notebook. Later, you will use this test to determine which anion is present in a solution by repeating the experiment and comparing your observations. 2. Add 5 drops of KI, 5 drops nitric acid, 10 ...
Document
... Mg(s) + HCl(aq) H2(g) + MgCl2 (aq) We need to take steps to find the simplest ratios of these materials. - Step 1 - take an inventory of individual atoms shown in skeleton equation. ...
... Mg(s) + HCl(aq) H2(g) + MgCl2 (aq) We need to take steps to find the simplest ratios of these materials. - Step 1 - take an inventory of individual atoms shown in skeleton equation. ...
PDF notes - Chemistry and Biochemistry
... °amount of acid in the solution (from mols of OH required to –completely deprotonate each acidic group), which permits conversion of volume of standard OH added (which was measured) to equivalents OH – added (mols OH –/mol acidic group) °pKa values of acidic groups (from pH at which an acidic group ...
... °amount of acid in the solution (from mols of OH required to –completely deprotonate each acidic group), which permits conversion of volume of standard OH added (which was measured) to equivalents OH – added (mols OH –/mol acidic group) °pKa values of acidic groups (from pH at which an acidic group ...
www.fahadsacademy.com
... E.g: white sugar, copper sulfate crystals, distilled water Mixture – contains two or more substances. Its quantity is more on Earth. E.g: seawater (salt, water & dissolved solids), milk (fats & dissolved solids) 2.2 Obtaining Pure Substances Purification – The seperation process of mixtures into pur ...
... E.g: white sugar, copper sulfate crystals, distilled water Mixture – contains two or more substances. Its quantity is more on Earth. E.g: seawater (salt, water & dissolved solids), milk (fats & dissolved solids) 2.2 Obtaining Pure Substances Purification – The seperation process of mixtures into pur ...
energy changes in physical and chemical processes
... gain. For example, sodium hydroxide pellets dissolve in water with considerable release of heat energy while potassium nitrate crystals dissolve in water with absorption of heat. The temperature of the resulting sodium hydroxide solution is higher than the temperature of water at room temperature, w ...
... gain. For example, sodium hydroxide pellets dissolve in water with considerable release of heat energy while potassium nitrate crystals dissolve in water with absorption of heat. The temperature of the resulting sodium hydroxide solution is higher than the temperature of water at room temperature, w ...
Redox - SAVE MY EXAMS!
... Which row shows the colour changes when X is bubbled through these two solutions? ...
... Which row shows the colour changes when X is bubbled through these two solutions? ...
Introduction - CNC Science
... The reverse is also true ...if we know the amount of a product then we can calculate the others ...
... The reverse is also true ...if we know the amount of a product then we can calculate the others ...
Sample Chapter - Chapter 4
... In aqueous solution, these substances are all acids, as you’ll see shortly. The molecules contain polar bonds to hydrogen, in which the atom bonded to H pulls more strongly on the shared electron pair. A good example is hydrogen chloride gas. The Cl end of the HCl molecule is partially negative, and ...
... In aqueous solution, these substances are all acids, as you’ll see shortly. The molecules contain polar bonds to hydrogen, in which the atom bonded to H pulls more strongly on the shared electron pair. A good example is hydrogen chloride gas. The Cl end of the HCl molecule is partially negative, and ...
Chapter - Archie Main Page
... molecules, the positive and negative poles align among the molecules in the group. These polar attractions create organization among water molecules. Recall that a water molecule has two strong covalent bonds between the oxygen atom and the hydrogen atoms. The force that holds neighboring water mole ...
... molecules, the positive and negative poles align among the molecules in the group. These polar attractions create organization among water molecules. Recall that a water molecule has two strong covalent bonds between the oxygen atom and the hydrogen atoms. The force that holds neighboring water mole ...
Read the following text! TEXT A Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline
... Formaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2O. It is a simple derivative of a hydrocarbon, hence its systematic name is methanal. The common name of the substance comes from its similarity and relation to formic acid. An aqueous solution of formaldehyde (formalin) can be useful as a disi ...
... Formaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2O. It is a simple derivative of a hydrocarbon, hence its systematic name is methanal. The common name of the substance comes from its similarity and relation to formic acid. An aqueous solution of formaldehyde (formalin) can be useful as a disi ...
Unit 6 Study Guide - Dorman High School
... E) The phases in a chemical reaction tell us the nature of the reactants and products. ...
... E) The phases in a chemical reaction tell us the nature of the reactants and products. ...
Calibration and Linear Regression Analysis: A
... A = εbC, and so we would fit a linear equation with zero intercept to the data. On the other hand, if we were measuring electrochemical cell potentials (i.e. potentiometry) we would expect the response to be given by the Nernst equation, which is logarithmic in form. We would therefore either fit a ...
... A = εbC, and so we would fit a linear equation with zero intercept to the data. On the other hand, if we were measuring electrochemical cell potentials (i.e. potentiometry) we would expect the response to be given by the Nernst equation, which is logarithmic in form. We would therefore either fit a ...
Stoichiometry Notes
... In any balanced equation, the moles of one chemical is related to the moles of another chemical by the stoichiometric ratio. We can use this concept to make important practical predictions regarding a chemical reaction. In the “moles” unit, we learned that the MOLE can be used to make calculations d ...
... In any balanced equation, the moles of one chemical is related to the moles of another chemical by the stoichiometric ratio. We can use this concept to make important practical predictions regarding a chemical reaction. In the “moles” unit, we learned that the MOLE can be used to make calculations d ...
PH
In chemistry, pH (/piːˈeɪtʃ/) is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. It is the negative of the logarithm to base 10 of the activity of the hydrogen ion. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline or basic. Pure water is neutral, being neither an acid nor a base. Contrary to popular belief, the pH value can be less than 0 or greater than 14 for very strong acids and bases respectively.pH measurements are important in medicine, biology, chemistry, agriculture, forestry, food science, environmental science, oceanography, civil engineering, chemical engineering, nutrition, water treatment & water purification, and many other applications. The pH scale is traceable to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement.Primary pH standard values are determined using a concentration cell with transference, by measuring the potential difference between a hydrogen electrode and a standard electrode such as the silver chloride electrode.The pH of aqueous solutions can be measured with a glass electrode and a pH meter, or indicator.pH is the negative of the logarithm to base 10 of the activity of the (solvated) hydronium ion, more often (albeit somewhat inaccurately) expressed as the measure of the hydronium ion concentration.The rest of this article uses the technically correct word ""base"" and its inflections in place of ""alkaline"", which specifically refers to a base dissolved in water, and its inflections.