Memory, aging and external memory aids
... interpreted as a challenge. To sustain a quality of life for this group and assuring that elderly will keep a position in society a substantial lot of research and scientific inquiry is being allocated to the area of assistive technology for the older population. As much of the existing assistive te ...
... interpreted as a challenge. To sustain a quality of life for this group and assuring that elderly will keep a position in society a substantial lot of research and scientific inquiry is being allocated to the area of assistive technology for the older population. As much of the existing assistive te ...
Changing Fear: The Neurocircuitry of Emotion Regulation
... nucleus (B) and the intercalated (ITC) cell masses, clusters of inhibitory GABAergic neurons. The B itself also projects directly to the ITC. These pathways provide multiple potential circuits for gating fear expression. Knowledge of ...
... nucleus (B) and the intercalated (ITC) cell masses, clusters of inhibitory GABAergic neurons. The B itself also projects directly to the ITC. These pathways provide multiple potential circuits for gating fear expression. Knowledge of ...
The Dialectics of Hebb and Homeostasis within
... that allow different aspects of activity to be sensed and translated into synaptic modifications, and are likely to subserve distinct functions within neural circuits. Put another way, one could argue that if the response to a perturbation in activity is not a global scaling of synapses, then one is ...
... that allow different aspects of activity to be sensed and translated into synaptic modifications, and are likely to subserve distinct functions within neural circuits. Put another way, one could argue that if the response to a perturbation in activity is not a global scaling of synapses, then one is ...
Axonally Synthesized ATF4 Transmits a Neurodegenerative Signal across Brain Regions Baleriola,
... http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.07.001 2Integrated ...
... http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.07.001 2Integrated ...
CREB Regulation of Eukaryotic Gene Expression
... by Kandel and coworkers in the sea slug, Aplysia, found that primitive forms of motor neuron memory were dependent on CREB activity [27]. CREB mediates the development of memories by initiating transcription events required for the strengthening of synaptic connections between neurons known as eithe ...
... by Kandel and coworkers in the sea slug, Aplysia, found that primitive forms of motor neuron memory were dependent on CREB activity [27]. CREB mediates the development of memories by initiating transcription events required for the strengthening of synaptic connections between neurons known as eithe ...
The cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and its role in
... uniformly expressed in all tissues. However, there are also some other isoforms which are expressed at particularly high levels in the testis (Ruppert et al., 1992, Waeber and Habener, 1992). The biological functions of these isoforms have not been well characterized. However, available data suggest ...
... uniformly expressed in all tissues. However, there are also some other isoforms which are expressed at particularly high levels in the testis (Ruppert et al., 1992, Waeber and Habener, 1992). The biological functions of these isoforms have not been well characterized. However, available data suggest ...
Here - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience
... data from single-unit recording systems, neuroscience and behavioral studies, and describing how each relates to the other. Central questions in the cognitive neuroscience of spatial memory concern the frames of reference used for representations of location, for example whether they are egocentric ...
... data from single-unit recording systems, neuroscience and behavioral studies, and describing how each relates to the other. Central questions in the cognitive neuroscience of spatial memory concern the frames of reference used for representations of location, for example whether they are egocentric ...
On the use of cognitive maps - David Redish
... behavior associated with cognitive maps implies the use of transition models in reinforcement learning algorithms. In contrast to model-free algorithms that depend on current experience only, model-based reinforcement algorithms represent sensory or state information beyond the modeled animal’s curr ...
... behavior associated with cognitive maps implies the use of transition models in reinforcement learning algorithms. In contrast to model-free algorithms that depend on current experience only, model-based reinforcement algorithms represent sensory or state information beyond the modeled animal’s curr ...
The Roles of the Amygdala and the Hippocampus in Fear
... Although most research has examined the processes of the amygdala, considerable evidence has been obtained which indicates that the hippocampus is crucial for the development of emotionally significant fear conditioning in relation to contextual information (Phelps, 2004; Bouton & Moody, 2004; Hobin ...
... Although most research has examined the processes of the amygdala, considerable evidence has been obtained which indicates that the hippocampus is crucial for the development of emotionally significant fear conditioning in relation to contextual information (Phelps, 2004; Bouton & Moody, 2004; Hobin ...
PDE5 Exists in Human Neurons and is a Viable Therapeutic Target
... have validated PDE5 inhibitors as potential therapies for a variety of neurologic diseases. Although many of these studies have focused on Alzheimer’s disease, the PDE5 literature suggests that PDE5 inhibition may be therapeutic in a variety of neurological disorders (see Discussion). Despite the su ...
... have validated PDE5 inhibitors as potential therapies for a variety of neurologic diseases. Although many of these studies have focused on Alzheimer’s disease, the PDE5 literature suggests that PDE5 inhibition may be therapeutic in a variety of neurological disorders (see Discussion). Despite the su ...
Formation of a full complement of cranial proprioceptors requires
... was 62% in NT3-/- compared to 33% in BDNF-/- muscles (Table 1). Masticatory muscles differed in the extent of their spindle deficiency in mutant mice, particularly in NT3-deficient mutants. The superficial masseter showed a 75% loss whereas the zygomaticomandibularis showed only a 47% loss of spindl ...
... was 62% in NT3-/- compared to 33% in BDNF-/- muscles (Table 1). Masticatory muscles differed in the extent of their spindle deficiency in mutant mice, particularly in NT3-deficient mutants. The superficial masseter showed a 75% loss whereas the zygomaticomandibularis showed only a 47% loss of spindl ...
V U Z (vzw)
... key components of vital physiological systems. As extensively reviewed in Trends in Neurosciences (supplement on neurotoxins, June 1996) neuromuscular and neuronal transmission may be blocked at the level of ion channels, specific receptors, G-proteins and enzymes. Interestin the action mechanism an ...
... key components of vital physiological systems. As extensively reviewed in Trends in Neurosciences (supplement on neurotoxins, June 1996) neuromuscular and neuronal transmission may be blocked at the level of ion channels, specific receptors, G-proteins and enzymes. Interestin the action mechanism an ...
facing page
... It is well-established that the presence of addictive drugs to abusers provokes the activation of brain regions that are involved in both addictive and learning processes (Belujon & Grace, 2011; Fowler et al., 2014; Van den Oever et al,. 2013). Based on such studies, it was suggested that addiction, ...
... It is well-established that the presence of addictive drugs to abusers provokes the activation of brain regions that are involved in both addictive and learning processes (Belujon & Grace, 2011; Fowler et al., 2014; Van den Oever et al,. 2013). Based on such studies, it was suggested that addiction, ...
Memory Maintenance in Synapses with Calcium
... background activity leads to a further boost in memory time scale, since memory decay is no longer described by an exponential decay from an initial state, but by an escape from a potential well. We argue that both features are expected to be present in synapses in vivo. These results are obtained f ...
... background activity leads to a further boost in memory time scale, since memory decay is no longer described by an exponential decay from an initial state, but by an escape from a potential well. We argue that both features are expected to be present in synapses in vivo. These results are obtained f ...
hippocampo–cerebellar theta band phase synchrony in rabbits
... from the control and experimental groups, only CS-alone and US-alone trials were included in the analyses. Phase synchrony (PS) between two signals was calculated as described by Palva et al. (2005). First, the LFP signals were band-pass filtered (delta ⬃2 Hz, theta ⬃6 Hz, alpha ⬃12 Hz, beta ⬃20 Hz, ...
... from the control and experimental groups, only CS-alone and US-alone trials were included in the analyses. Phase synchrony (PS) between two signals was calculated as described by Palva et al. (2005). First, the LFP signals were band-pass filtered (delta ⬃2 Hz, theta ⬃6 Hz, alpha ⬃12 Hz, beta ⬃20 Hz, ...
Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic
... that same object along with a novel or less familiar object. Selection of the novel object (nonmatching) is rewarded in DNMS, whereas in delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) selection of the familiar object is rewarded. In the “trialunique” version of DNMS and DMS both the novel and the familiar objects ...
... that same object along with a novel or less familiar object. Selection of the novel object (nonmatching) is rewarded in DNMS, whereas in delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) selection of the familiar object is rewarded. In the “trialunique” version of DNMS and DMS both the novel and the familiar objects ...
Hippocampus, 22, 1703-1719
... One single-trial task often used to assess learning and memory is inhibitory avoidance learning. Lesions of hippocampus or amygdala impair acquisition (Ammassari-Teule et al., 1991; Liang et al., 1982). While multitrial tasks have variable learning rates, single-trial tasks are well suited to determ ...
... One single-trial task often used to assess learning and memory is inhibitory avoidance learning. Lesions of hippocampus or amygdala impair acquisition (Ammassari-Teule et al., 1991; Liang et al., 1982). While multitrial tasks have variable learning rates, single-trial tasks are well suited to determ ...
Glycemic State Regulates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
... 1.1 Energy Homeostasis and Obesity Despite recent advances in our knowledge of mechanisms responsible for regulating energy expenditure, obesity remains one of the most serious health concerns worldwide. Obesity is associated with a wide array of adverse health effects including insulin resistance, ...
... 1.1 Energy Homeostasis and Obesity Despite recent advances in our knowledge of mechanisms responsible for regulating energy expenditure, obesity remains one of the most serious health concerns worldwide. Obesity is associated with a wide array of adverse health effects including insulin resistance, ...
Spike-timing-dependent plasticity: common themes
... When the time constants of potentiation and depression in the window function are identical (Fig. 1B, E), STDP discourages the formation of short, mutually excitatory loops. Namely, if neuron A is predictive of the firing of neuron B, then neuron B cannot be predictive of the firing of neuron A and mu ...
... When the time constants of potentiation and depression in the window function are identical (Fig. 1B, E), STDP discourages the formation of short, mutually excitatory loops. Namely, if neuron A is predictive of the firing of neuron B, then neuron B cannot be predictive of the firing of neuron A and mu ...
Development of prokaryotic cell-free systems for synthetic
... then degrade the tagged growth-related proteins, while the key enzyme can run the pathway. This process can be achieved by engineering the strain to have protein degradation tags on growth-related proteins and periplasm-export tags on key enzymes. ...
... then degrade the tagged growth-related proteins, while the key enzyme can run the pathway. This process can be achieved by engineering the strain to have protein degradation tags on growth-related proteins and periplasm-export tags on key enzymes. ...
The Matrix Protein Hikaru genki Localizes to Cholinergic Synaptic
... Hig-GFP. The indicated GAL4 lines were used to drive Hig-GFP expression in cholinergic, glutamatergic, or dopaminergic neurons, or glia, in the hig mutant background. The genotype of the control is higdd37; UAS-hig-GFP/ ⫹. UAS-hig-GFP on the third chromosome was used for most of the experiments, unl ...
... Hig-GFP. The indicated GAL4 lines were used to drive Hig-GFP expression in cholinergic, glutamatergic, or dopaminergic neurons, or glia, in the hig mutant background. The genotype of the control is higdd37; UAS-hig-GFP/ ⫹. UAS-hig-GFP on the third chromosome was used for most of the experiments, unl ...
Nap, a Novel Member of the Pentraxin Family, Promotes Neurite
... by neurotransmitter stimulation and synaptic activity and are hypothesized to be part of the macromolecular response required for long-term plasticity (Goelet et al., 1986; Sheng and Greenberg, 1990; Silva and Giese, 1994). To identify cellular mechanisms that may contribute to long-term plasticity ...
... by neurotransmitter stimulation and synaptic activity and are hypothesized to be part of the macromolecular response required for long-term plasticity (Goelet et al., 1986; Sheng and Greenberg, 1990; Silva and Giese, 1994). To identify cellular mechanisms that may contribute to long-term plasticity ...
Chapter 13 Stress and Glucocorticoid Contributions to Normal and
... decrements in LTP have been observed after 3 months of elevated corticosterone in middleaged rats [60]. These studies demonstrate that GCs alone are capable of reducing plasticity in hippocampus. Adrenalectomy of adult rats reduces the ability of stress to diminish LTP [109]. Adrenalectomy also red ...
... decrements in LTP have been observed after 3 months of elevated corticosterone in middleaged rats [60]. These studies demonstrate that GCs alone are capable of reducing plasticity in hippocampus. Adrenalectomy of adult rats reduces the ability of stress to diminish LTP [109]. Adrenalectomy also red ...
PROGRAMME and ABSTRACTS
... EDAB Open Lecture for Public (In Polish): Jolanta Skangiel-Kramska, Teresa Zalewska ...
... EDAB Open Lecture for Public (In Polish): Jolanta Skangiel-Kramska, Teresa Zalewska ...