An Introduction to Genetic Analysis Chapter 24 Population Genetics
... equal to the frequency of the M/N genotype in each population. When more than one locus is considered, there are two possible ways of calculating heterozygosity. Locus S (the secretor factor, determining whether the M and N proteins are also contained in the saliva) is closely linked to the M N locu ...
... equal to the frequency of the M/N genotype in each population. When more than one locus is considered, there are two possible ways of calculating heterozygosity. Locus S (the secretor factor, determining whether the M and N proteins are also contained in the saliva) is closely linked to the M N locu ...
Theoretical perspectives on rapid evolutionary change
... metaphor, Kimura (1983) pointed out that smalleffect mutations, even if more numerous, are more likely to be lost by random genetic drift while rare. Consequently, the distribution of mutations that are both beneficial and survive loss while rare is shifted, with a mode no longer at zero (Fig. 2.2b). ...
... metaphor, Kimura (1983) pointed out that smalleffect mutations, even if more numerous, are more likely to be lost by random genetic drift while rare. Consequently, the distribution of mutations that are both beneficial and survive loss while rare is shifted, with a mode no longer at zero (Fig. 2.2b). ...
Case-Parent Triads
... between the allele under study and a disease gene. Both are insensitive to a possible noncausal association at the population level because of genetic population structure. These properties are well known for the transmission/disequilibrium test (11). If there is neither linkage nor association, the ...
... between the allele under study and a disease gene. Both are insensitive to a possible noncausal association at the population level because of genetic population structure. These properties are well known for the transmission/disequilibrium test (11). If there is neither linkage nor association, the ...
A genome screen for linkage in Australian sibling-pairs with
... Although replication of linkage is the essence of narrowing the search for chromosomal regions of interest, failure to implicate any one chromosomal region across several screens does not necessarily undermine confidence that a susceptibility gene is genuinely encoded at that site. Variation in the ...
... Although replication of linkage is the essence of narrowing the search for chromosomal regions of interest, failure to implicate any one chromosomal region across several screens does not necessarily undermine confidence that a susceptibility gene is genuinely encoded at that site. Variation in the ...
The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: on beyond collagens
... protein suggested recessive inheritance, a concept bolstered by the fact that the index patient’s clinically normal parents and two siblings each share an extended TNX/CYP21 haplotype with the proband. Since publication of our initial report, we have identified two additional patients with CAH and E ...
... protein suggested recessive inheritance, a concept bolstered by the fact that the index patient’s clinically normal parents and two siblings each share an extended TNX/CYP21 haplotype with the proband. Since publication of our initial report, we have identified two additional patients with CAH and E ...
Quantitative genetics of functional characters in
... was also analysed using a multiplicative scale because it may be exponentially related to somatic maintenance. Results from log-transformed starvation resistance are however qualitatively similar to those using an additive scale (analyses of transformed data not shown). The statistical models were f ...
... was also analysed using a multiplicative scale because it may be exponentially related to somatic maintenance. Results from log-transformed starvation resistance are however qualitatively similar to those using an additive scale (analyses of transformed data not shown). The statistical models were f ...
Quantitative genetics of functional characters in Drosophila
... was also analysed using a multiplicative scale because it may be exponentially related to somatic maintenance. Results from log-transformed starvation resistance are however qualitatively similar to those using an additive scale (analyses of transformed data not shown). The statistical models were f ...
... was also analysed using a multiplicative scale because it may be exponentially related to somatic maintenance. Results from log-transformed starvation resistance are however qualitatively similar to those using an additive scale (analyses of transformed data not shown). The statistical models were f ...
Hox patterning of the vertebrate axial skeleton
... ancestral Hox cluster followed by genome duplication events have resulted in a relatively fixed arrangement in mammals with four clusters, composed of 2 to 4 members of 13 paralogous groups. Paralogous Hox ...
... ancestral Hox cluster followed by genome duplication events have resulted in a relatively fixed arrangement in mammals with four clusters, composed of 2 to 4 members of 13 paralogous groups. Paralogous Hox ...
Attanasio et al.
... Glis2lacZ/lacZ mutant kidneys demonstrated that at 8 weeks, the hallmarks of NPHP were already present and were very pronounced at 6 months6. First, there was diffuse tubulointerstitial cell infiltration with interstitial fibrosis and deposition of collagen throughout the kidney. Second, there was t ...
... Glis2lacZ/lacZ mutant kidneys demonstrated that at 8 weeks, the hallmarks of NPHP were already present and were very pronounced at 6 months6. First, there was diffuse tubulointerstitial cell infiltration with interstitial fibrosis and deposition of collagen throughout the kidney. Second, there was t ...
Document
... • Heterosis depends on dominance: d = 0 = no inbreeding depression and no. heterosis as with inbreeding depression, directional dominance is required for heterosis. ...
... • Heterosis depends on dominance: d = 0 = no inbreeding depression and no. heterosis as with inbreeding depression, directional dominance is required for heterosis. ...
pdf
... RECOMBINATION OF DNA The previous chapter on mutation and repair of DNA dealt mainly with small changes in DNA sequence, usually single base pairs, resulting from errors in replication or damage to DNA. The DNA sequence of a chromosome can change in large segments as well, by the processes of recomb ...
... RECOMBINATION OF DNA The previous chapter on mutation and repair of DNA dealt mainly with small changes in DNA sequence, usually single base pairs, resulting from errors in replication or damage to DNA. The DNA sequence of a chromosome can change in large segments as well, by the processes of recomb ...
Evolutionary Design of Combinational Digital Circuits
... his research was only limited to creation of functional circuits, but not to optimization of them (similarly as in Louis dissertation [17]). In first papers on combinational digital circuits design using genetic algorithms, the binary representation of individuals (BGA algorithm - Binary Genetic Alg ...
... his research was only limited to creation of functional circuits, but not to optimization of them (similarly as in Louis dissertation [17]). In first papers on combinational digital circuits design using genetic algorithms, the binary representation of individuals (BGA algorithm - Binary Genetic Alg ...
Parameter Control in Evolutionary Algorithms:Trends and Challenges
... [191], and the same was true for Evolutionary Programming. Meanwhile, the use of self-adaptation mechanisms to change mutation step sizes on-the-fly was standard practice in Evolution Strategies [177], [193]. Another problem hindering development was the fragmentation and inconsistency in terminolog ...
... [191], and the same was true for Evolutionary Programming. Meanwhile, the use of self-adaptation mechanisms to change mutation step sizes on-the-fly was standard practice in Evolution Strategies [177], [193]. Another problem hindering development was the fragmentation and inconsistency in terminolog ...
Autosomal and X-chromosome imprinting
... mapped are located in the imprinting regions defined by the genetic experiments. It has therefore been concluded that imprinting may be much more widespread throughout the genome than indicated in the imprinting map of the mouse. Moreover, a variation in expression of transgenes in cells of differen ...
... mapped are located in the imprinting regions defined by the genetic experiments. It has therefore been concluded that imprinting may be much more widespread throughout the genome than indicated in the imprinting map of the mouse. Moreover, a variation in expression of transgenes in cells of differen ...
org.Dr.eg.db
... assigned in the literature, users are cautioned that this map may produce multiple matching results for a single gene symbol. Users should map back from the entrez gene IDs produced to determine which result is the one they want when this happens. Because of this problem with redundant assigment of ...
... assigned in the literature, users are cautioned that this map may produce multiple matching results for a single gene symbol. Users should map back from the entrez gene IDs produced to determine which result is the one they want when this happens. Because of this problem with redundant assigment of ...
Chromosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... the products of the mating could grow. Because cells which have lost the marked chromosome III derivative can divide a small number of times on leucine-free medium, the results are expressed as the frequency of chromosome loss (chromosome loss events per cell) rather than the rate of chromosome loss ...
... the products of the mating could grow. Because cells which have lost the marked chromosome III derivative can divide a small number of times on leucine-free medium, the results are expressed as the frequency of chromosome loss (chromosome loss events per cell) rather than the rate of chromosome loss ...
Endocytobiosis and Cell Research
... Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium fredii are sensitive towards the phytoalexin glyceollin. The antibacterial effect of the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was assayed using a liquid microculture technique (Parniske et al., 1991). Log-phase cells of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium ...
... Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium fredii are sensitive towards the phytoalexin glyceollin. The antibacterial effect of the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was assayed using a liquid microculture technique (Parniske et al., 1991). Log-phase cells of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium ...
Development of novel computational tools based on
... exhibit homogeneous G+C content and codon usage, while foreign genes display atypical characteristic features that resemble horizontal transfer. Exogenous genes display characteristic features such as: low GC content, unusual codon usage, atypical amino acid usage, tRNA site integration, insertion s ...
... exhibit homogeneous G+C content and codon usage, while foreign genes display atypical characteristic features that resemble horizontal transfer. Exogenous genes display characteristic features such as: low GC content, unusual codon usage, atypical amino acid usage, tRNA site integration, insertion s ...
In vivo evidence for the prokaryotic model of extended codon
... mRNA and the initiator tRNA (tRNAfMet). The question of extended tRNAfMet±mRNA base pairing was raised by the observation that residues complementary to nucleotides in the tRNAfMet anticodon loop are more prevalent immediately upstream of initiation codons than predicted by chance (Ganoza et al., 19 ...
... mRNA and the initiator tRNA (tRNAfMet). The question of extended tRNAfMet±mRNA base pairing was raised by the observation that residues complementary to nucleotides in the tRNAfMet anticodon loop are more prevalent immediately upstream of initiation codons than predicted by chance (Ganoza et al., 19 ...
CHAPTER 14 MENDEL AND THE GENE IDEA
... Under the rule of addition, the probability of an event that can occur two or more different ways is the sum of the separate probabilities of those ways. For example, there are two ways that F1 gametes can combine to form a heterozygote. The dominant allele could come from the sperm and the rece ...
... Under the rule of addition, the probability of an event that can occur two or more different ways is the sum of the separate probabilities of those ways. For example, there are two ways that F1 gametes can combine to form a heterozygote. The dominant allele could come from the sperm and the rece ...
The Genetic Architecture of Ecological Specialization: Correlated
... implies that it is impossible to exhibit superior performance in all environments, and evolutionary biologists have argued that genetic trade-offs are a likely cause of specialized resource use (e.g., Futuyma and Moreno 1988; Via 1991a). A genetic trade-off can be measured experimentally as a negati ...
... implies that it is impossible to exhibit superior performance in all environments, and evolutionary biologists have argued that genetic trade-offs are a likely cause of specialized resource use (e.g., Futuyma and Moreno 1988; Via 1991a). A genetic trade-off can be measured experimentally as a negati ...
Genomics of adaptation and speciation in cichlid fishes: recent
... coloration, and therefore have become a ‘non-model’ model system for studying genomic diversification by natural and sexual selection [1 – 3]. Many of the more than 2000 species have diversified based on ecological niche within lakes and often in parallel within and across radiating lineages [2]. Fr ...
... coloration, and therefore have become a ‘non-model’ model system for studying genomic diversification by natural and sexual selection [1 – 3]. Many of the more than 2000 species have diversified based on ecological niche within lakes and often in parallel within and across radiating lineages [2]. Fr ...
Rajon, E. and Masel, J. (2013)
... adapt to novel environments. However, “new” phenotypes often have low fitness in the ancestral environment, limiting populations’ ability to accumulate potentially adaptive genetic diversity. This problem is partly resolved when genetic variation is hidden at first, meaning that its phenotypic effec ...
... adapt to novel environments. However, “new” phenotypes often have low fitness in the ancestral environment, limiting populations’ ability to accumulate potentially adaptive genetic diversity. This problem is partly resolved when genetic variation is hidden at first, meaning that its phenotypic effec ...
14_DetailLectOut_jkAR
... Under the rule of addition, the probability of an event that can occur two or more different ways is the sum of the separate probabilities of those ways. For example, there are two ways that F1 gametes can combine to form a heterozygote. The dominant allele could come from the sperm and the rece ...
... Under the rule of addition, the probability of an event that can occur two or more different ways is the sum of the separate probabilities of those ways. For example, there are two ways that F1 gametes can combine to form a heterozygote. The dominant allele could come from the sperm and the rece ...