Robustness and Evolvability
... phenotypic variation. Evolutionary capacitors have been defined as the subset of phenotypic capacitors that can promote adaptation [80]. Cryptic genetic variation: standing genetic variation that does not ordinarily contribute to the phenotype. Following a major perturbation, a system might lose its ...
... phenotypic variation. Evolutionary capacitors have been defined as the subset of phenotypic capacitors that can promote adaptation [80]. Cryptic genetic variation: standing genetic variation that does not ordinarily contribute to the phenotype. Following a major perturbation, a system might lose its ...
Am I a Warrior? - Erasmus University Thesis Repository
... release of this hormone. This is why Cortisol is also called the stress hormone. Physical and psychological stress cause a lower level of blood glucocorticoids and the release of Cortisol counterbalances this cause by increasing the level of blood glucocorticoids. This process starts with the breaki ...
... release of this hormone. This is why Cortisol is also called the stress hormone. Physical and psychological stress cause a lower level of blood glucocorticoids and the release of Cortisol counterbalances this cause by increasing the level of blood glucocorticoids. This process starts with the breaki ...
Inferences About the Distribution of Dominance
... MA, mutation accumulation; EMS, ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. b Serious concerns have been raised about these estimates; see Garcia-Dorado and Caballero (2000) and Fry (2004). ...
... MA, mutation accumulation; EMS, ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. b Serious concerns have been raised about these estimates; see Garcia-Dorado and Caballero (2000) and Fry (2004). ...
Gene Signal Estimates from Exon Arrays v1.0
... 2000), and even GENSCAN Suboptimal exon predictions. Having so much content on the array allows the detection of novel alternative events, but presents a new challenge. This is because including alternative exons can negatively affect the estimate for the entire transcriptional unit. Additionally, m ...
... 2000), and even GENSCAN Suboptimal exon predictions. Having so much content on the array allows the detection of novel alternative events, but presents a new challenge. This is because including alternative exons can negatively affect the estimate for the entire transcriptional unit. Additionally, m ...
Statistic and Analytical Strategies for HLA Data
... viduals with a disease, of the same race, or from the same region, etc. However, due to the limitations of the study method, it is usually impossible to investigate every individual in the group, and the features of the whole group can only be presumed by analyzing some indi‐ viduals of the group. T ...
... viduals with a disease, of the same race, or from the same region, etc. However, due to the limitations of the study method, it is usually impossible to investigate every individual in the group, and the features of the whole group can only be presumed by analyzing some indi‐ viduals of the group. T ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... eae gene but did not possess thebfpAATT,bfpAAAT, eaf, stx1, stx2 and hlyA genes, these isolates identified as atypical EPEC. Fourty isolates (80%) of E. coli found do not have any one of the specific virulence genes, these isolates identified as non-EPEC (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and Table 3). It was show ...
... eae gene but did not possess thebfpAATT,bfpAAAT, eaf, stx1, stx2 and hlyA genes, these isolates identified as atypical EPEC. Fourty isolates (80%) of E. coli found do not have any one of the specific virulence genes, these isolates identified as non-EPEC (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and Table 3). It was show ...
Vegetative incompatibility in filamentous fungi: Podospora and
... this phenomenon remains an open issue as it has not been clearly established whether or not positive selection is promoting the accumulation of polymorphism in het genes. Recent work on incompatibility has, however, opened some interesting perspectives. Existence of a domain common to different gene ...
... this phenomenon remains an open issue as it has not been clearly established whether or not positive selection is promoting the accumulation of polymorphism in het genes. Recent work on incompatibility has, however, opened some interesting perspectives. Existence of a domain common to different gene ...
Microarrays and Cancer - URMC
... All the cells in an organism have identical genetic instructions, but different genes are expressed (turned on) in different cells under different conditions. When a gene is expressed, the genetic instructions coded in its DNA are transcribed (copied) to make messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules; then the ...
... All the cells in an organism have identical genetic instructions, but different genes are expressed (turned on) in different cells under different conditions. When a gene is expressed, the genetic instructions coded in its DNA are transcribed (copied) to make messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules; then the ...
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium – The Basic Model of Population
... Population: A group of individuals within a species that is capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring (definition for sexual species). Gene: A region of the genome, a sequence of DNA (or RNA), that is the unit of inheritance, the product of which contributes to phenotype. Allele: Vari ...
... Population: A group of individuals within a species that is capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring (definition for sexual species). Gene: A region of the genome, a sequence of DNA (or RNA), that is the unit of inheritance, the product of which contributes to phenotype. Allele: Vari ...
Turning Meiosis into Mitosis - IJPB
... Apomixis is of great interest due to its potential application in crop improvement. By introducing apomixis into sexual plants, any desired genotype, no matter how complex, could be perpetuated through successive seed generations [3,4]. However, despite the occurrence of apomixis in over 400 species ...
... Apomixis is of great interest due to its potential application in crop improvement. By introducing apomixis into sexual plants, any desired genotype, no matter how complex, could be perpetuated through successive seed generations [3,4]. However, despite the occurrence of apomixis in over 400 species ...
What Is Approximate Reasoning?
... At the same time, however, we would like to advocate that allowing for unsound and/or incomplete reasoning procedures in such applications must not lead to arbitrary “guessing” or to deduction algorithms which are not well-understood. Quite to the contrary, we argue that in particular for approximat ...
... At the same time, however, we would like to advocate that allowing for unsound and/or incomplete reasoning procedures in such applications must not lead to arbitrary “guessing” or to deduction algorithms which are not well-understood. Quite to the contrary, we argue that in particular for approximat ...
Determinant of Caenorhabditis elegans Growth and
... The NIL results indicate that the smallest region covered by the two NILs likely contains the gene with a causal role in the three phenotypic differences. The qgIR1 NIL has the smallest introgressed region, with seven genes from the Hawaii strain in an otherwise Bristol genetic background. Of these ...
... The NIL results indicate that the smallest region covered by the two NILs likely contains the gene with a causal role in the three phenotypic differences. The qgIR1 NIL has the smallest introgressed region, with seven genes from the Hawaii strain in an otherwise Bristol genetic background. Of these ...
DNA Microarrays (Gene Chips) and Cancer - URMC
... All the cells in an organism have identical genetic instructions, but different genes are expressed (turned on) in different cells under different conditions. When a gene is expressed, the genetic instructions coded in its DNA are transcribed (copied) to make messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules; then the ...
... All the cells in an organism have identical genetic instructions, but different genes are expressed (turned on) in different cells under different conditions. When a gene is expressed, the genetic instructions coded in its DNA are transcribed (copied) to make messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules; then the ...
Quantitative expression of cholera toxin mRNA in Vibrio cholerae
... twice as much CT mRNA as arrangement A, which could be explained by the presence of three copies of the rstA gene in arrangement B compared with one in arrangement A. Although the CTX arrangement (CTX cassette and RS1) in the classical strain was similar to arrangement A of the El Tor strain, the re ...
... twice as much CT mRNA as arrangement A, which could be explained by the presence of three copies of the rstA gene in arrangement B compared with one in arrangement A. Although the CTX arrangement (CTX cassette and RS1) in the classical strain was similar to arrangement A of the El Tor strain, the re ...
Screening Mutant Libraries of Fungal Laccases in the Presence of
... Next to Escherichia coli, S. cerevisiae is the most commonly used host organism in laboratory evolution. Its sophisticated cellular machinery simplifies mutant library generation. By homologous recombination, otherwise cumbersome ligation of mutant genes into expression vectors or shuffling of error ...
... Next to Escherichia coli, S. cerevisiae is the most commonly used host organism in laboratory evolution. Its sophisticated cellular machinery simplifies mutant library generation. By homologous recombination, otherwise cumbersome ligation of mutant genes into expression vectors or shuffling of error ...
Phox2b and Midkine/Alk signaling in the control of sympathetic
... Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood and arises from cells of the developing sympathoadrenal lineage. Mutations in PHOX2B and ALK genes have been observed in familial and sporadic forms of NB and represent the first defined genetic predisposition for neuroblast ...
... Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood and arises from cells of the developing sympathoadrenal lineage. Mutations in PHOX2B and ALK genes have been observed in familial and sporadic forms of NB and represent the first defined genetic predisposition for neuroblast ...
View/Open
... expression of the gene is occurred due to polymorphism in promoter region. A number of QTLs for glucosinolate biosynthesis and activation (Lambrix et al. 2001; Kliebenstein et al. 2001; Kroymann et al. 2003; Zhang et al. 2006;), phosphate sensing (Svistoonoff et al. 2007), and flowering time (Johan ...
... expression of the gene is occurred due to polymorphism in promoter region. A number of QTLs for glucosinolate biosynthesis and activation (Lambrix et al. 2001; Kliebenstein et al. 2001; Kroymann et al. 2003; Zhang et al. 2006;), phosphate sensing (Svistoonoff et al. 2007), and flowering time (Johan ...
Creating conditional dual fluorescence labelled transgenic animals
... PCR for 150bp RFP fragment with another 195bp Fabpi (intestinal fatty acid binding protein) served as internal control. -ΔCt values, that is, the difference between Ct value of the internal control and Ct value of RFP, were plotted versus log2transformed copy numbers and a simple ...
... PCR for 150bp RFP fragment with another 195bp Fabpi (intestinal fatty acid binding protein) served as internal control. -ΔCt values, that is, the difference between Ct value of the internal control and Ct value of RFP, were plotted versus log2transformed copy numbers and a simple ...
3. The Approach
... B) Increase of efficiency of execution of XGP: Reducing the computational effort as a result of generic support for the idea of pruning the solution space via strongly typed GP. How: XML-schema as a standard, generic way to represent the syntax of XGP. 24 May 2017 ...
... B) Increase of efficiency of execution of XGP: Reducing the computational effort as a result of generic support for the idea of pruning the solution space via strongly typed GP. How: XML-schema as a standard, generic way to represent the syntax of XGP. 24 May 2017 ...
Wheeler Quantitative Genetics
... trees) – These are used extensively in TI to guide programs and strategies – Gains of 0 to 10% in mass selection, and 10-20% in subsequent generations of selection are common. • Realized genetic gain – Retrospective estimate based on large field trials comparing improved lots with control lots. (hun ...
... trees) – These are used extensively in TI to guide programs and strategies – Gains of 0 to 10% in mass selection, and 10-20% in subsequent generations of selection are common. • Realized genetic gain – Retrospective estimate based on large field trials comparing improved lots with control lots. (hun ...
ZytoLight ® CLL I Probe SPEC TP53/ATM Dual Color Probe
... for the detection of deletions affecting the genes TP53 and ATM, and the ZytoLight ® CLL II Probe is designed for the detection of D13S319 deletions as well as for the enumeration of chromosome 12. CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukemia) is the most common form of leukemia in Western population. About 80 ...
... for the detection of deletions affecting the genes TP53 and ATM, and the ZytoLight ® CLL II Probe is designed for the detection of D13S319 deletions as well as for the enumeration of chromosome 12. CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukemia) is the most common form of leukemia in Western population. About 80 ...
Case-Parent Triads
... between the allele under study and a disease gene. Both are insensitive to a possible noncausal association at the population level because of genetic population structure. These properties are well known for the transmission/disequilibrium test (11). If there is neither linkage nor association, the ...
... between the allele under study and a disease gene. Both are insensitive to a possible noncausal association at the population level because of genetic population structure. These properties are well known for the transmission/disequilibrium test (11). If there is neither linkage nor association, the ...
Theoretical perspectives on rapid evolutionary change
... metaphor, Kimura (1983) pointed out that smalleffect mutations, even if more numerous, are more likely to be lost by random genetic drift while rare. Consequently, the distribution of mutations that are both beneficial and survive loss while rare is shifted, with a mode no longer at zero (Fig. 2.2b). ...
... metaphor, Kimura (1983) pointed out that smalleffect mutations, even if more numerous, are more likely to be lost by random genetic drift while rare. Consequently, the distribution of mutations that are both beneficial and survive loss while rare is shifted, with a mode no longer at zero (Fig. 2.2b). ...