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General remarks: A biodesign is a man made, mostly computer
General remarks: A biodesign is a man made, mostly computer

... General definition and remarks: An artificial gene construction comprises several functionally interrelated and inter-dependent collaborating genes which can be clustered in operons but are always acting in a predetermined, desired concerted fashion. A biodesign is basically an intended man made, mo ...
An Introduction to Genetic Analysis Chapter 18 Chromosome
An Introduction to Genetic Analysis Chapter 18 Chromosome

... look no farther than the food on our dining tables because many of the plants (and some of the animals) that we eat arose through spontaneous changes in chromosome number in the course of the evolution of those species. Today, breeders emulate this process by manipulating chromosome number to improv ...
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of sequence variation
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of sequence variation

... occupancy compares TF binding between alleles in the same nucleus, it is controlled for environmental differences between individuals and cell types and therefore provides a more direct connection between genome sequence and regulatory function than do population-based studies. To understand the fun ...
Nucleic Acids Research, 32: D489-D492 (2004).
Nucleic Acids Research, 32: D489-D492 (2004).

... of ®xation from sequential small subsets of active Alu sequences. The oldest Alu-related elements are the monomeric FAM, FRAM and FLAM sequences. The oldest Alu dimeric subfamilies are Alu-Jo and Alu-Jb, estimated to be ~80 million years old. The intermediately aged Alu subfamilies belong to the Alu ...
COMPARING ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC VARIANCE AS
COMPARING ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC VARIANCE AS

... where they might be more common than previously thought. In multicellular organisms, there are only few well-supported examples for discrete phenotypic distributions due to bet-hedging and these examples almost exclusively deal with occurrence of some type of resting stage (Hopper 1999; Evans and De ...
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of sequence variation
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of sequence variation

... occupancy compares TF binding between alleles in the same nucleus, it is controlled for environmental differences between individuals and cell types and therefore provides a more direct connection between genome sequence and regulatory function than do population-based studies. To understand the fun ...
av -bv -c - IDA.LiU.se
av -bv -c - IDA.LiU.se

factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of

... occupancy compares TF binding between alleles in the same nucleus, it is controlled for environmental differences between individuals and cell types and therefore provides a more direct connection between genome sequence and regulatory function than do population-based studies. To understand the fun ...
PDF + SI - Biology Open - The Company of Biologists
PDF + SI - Biology Open - The Company of Biologists

... with a genetic distance of 0.46 cM and an average interval of 0.08 cM, in which, the two closest flanking markers, SSR449a and SSR317, restricted Brsc-ye to an interval of 0.13 cM (Fig.2c). The physical distance was 40.2 Kb (Fig. 3). The nonconformity between the genetic and physical distances of th ...
Complex genetic background in a large family with Brugada syndrome
Complex genetic background in a large family with Brugada syndrome

... characterized in cell lines expressing mutant Nav1.5 channel and have shown a loss-of-function effect on sodium current (The gene connection for the heart. http://triad. fsm.it/cardmoc/). However, it was found that some large BrS-affected families contained SCN5A-positive and SCN5A-negative family m ...
The B-cell maturation factor Blimp-1 specifies vertebrate slow
The B-cell maturation factor Blimp-1 specifies vertebrate slow

... that differ in their morphology, contractile function, mitochondrial content and metabolic properties. Recent studies identified the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α as a key mediator of the physiological stimuli that modulate fiber-type plasticity in postembryonic development1. Although myoblasts ...
An Autosomal Dwarfism in the Domestic Fowl
An Autosomal Dwarfism in the Domestic Fowl

... smallness was associated with s and k, but not b, from the bantam. Hutt (1959) showed that the gene dw was closely linked with the loci for s and k, with 7.0 and 6.6% crossing over, respectively. In the Godfrey cross, in which the F1 females should, according to his hypothesis of a single recessive ...
MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC ANALYSES IN WHEAT AND
MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC ANALYSES IN WHEAT AND

... detailed study of the genomic structure of species related to wheat is a basic criterion for efficient gene transfer. The chromosome karyotype of the diploid Aegilops species has been published in the literature, but little information is available on the genomic structure of the tetraploid species. ...
Origins of evolutionary transitions
Origins of evolutionary transitions

... a transition excludes. The evolution of flight, for example, constituted a step-change in bird evolution, but not one that involved any composition of birds into higher-level entities. The origin of segmentation, for another, involves a new relationship between parts and whole, but does not constitu ...
Etiology : cytogenetics and microdeletions - HAL
Etiology : cytogenetics and microdeletions - HAL

... shown that not only hemizygous genes but also normal-copy neighboring genes can show decreased levels of expression [Merla and others 2006]. Therefore, genes flanking a genomic rearrangement should be considered as possible contributors to the phenotype. In addition, the interpretation of these obse ...
What Size Are Your Genes?
What Size Are Your Genes?

... molecular weight and charge but different shapes. Molecules having a more compact shape (a sphere is more compact than a rod) can move more easily through the pores. In this experiment, dyes representing normal and mutated genes are separated by electrophoresis. The dyes are negatively charged and w ...
Introduction - bei DuEPublico
Introduction - bei DuEPublico

... The number of mutations required to gain these abilities varies. For example, in some cells mutation of the TP53 gene facilitates both cell proliferation and evasion of apoptosis whereas in other cancers, several mutations additional to tumour related genes may be required to attain these capabiliti ...
Meiosis Notes
Meiosis Notes

RNAi phenotypes are influenced by the genetic background of the
RNAi phenotypes are influenced by the genetic background of the

... divergence does not account for this difference. By quantitatively comparing phenotypes elicited by RNAi knockdown of four different genes we show that there is no general difference in RNAi sensitivity between these strains. Finally, we show that in case of Tc-importin α1 the difference depends on ...
M.Tevfik Dorak, BA (Hons), MD, Ph.D.
M.Tevfik Dorak, BA (Hons), MD, Ph.D.

... complete DNA sequence of the human genome. The project does not stop there, the 3 billion nucleotides has to be annotated and the detailed structure of each gene has to be aligned to the genomic sequence. The entire DNA sequence of the human genome is scheduled for completion in 2004 and already use ...
Reference genome sequence of the model plant Setaria
Reference genome sequence of the model plant Setaria

Roux`s Arch Dev Biol 193, 283
Roux`s Arch Dev Biol 193, 283

... all the other tld mutants, whereas the remaining 14 alleles partially complemented at least one other allele. O f the 198 mutants, 185 fall into 32 complementation groups with more than one allele, with an average of 5.8 alleles per group. Two stocks proved to be mutant at two loci; 13 mutants, or 6 ...
meiosis I - CARNES AP BIO
meiosis I - CARNES AP BIO

... Metaphase chromosome ...
Phage
Phage

... multiply inside bacteria by making use of some or all of the host biosynthetic machinery • Significance – Models for animal cell viruses – Gene transfer in bacteria – Medical applications • Identification of bacteria - phage typing • Treatment and prophylaxsis??? ...
The cytogenetics of homologous chromosome pairing in meiosis in
The cytogenetics of homologous chromosome pairing in meiosis in

... recombination exists also in mammals and fungi (Pawlowski and Cande, 2005). In contrast, chromosome pairing does not depend on recombination in C. elegans and Drosophila (Dernburg et al., 1998; McKim et al., 1998). Numerous plant mutants in early recombination genes show defects in chromosome pairin ...
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Gene expression programming

In computer programming, gene expression programming (GEP) is an evolutionary algorithm that creates computer programs or models. These computer programs are complex tree structures that learn and adapt by changing their sizes, shapes, and composition, much like a living organism. And like living organisms, the computer programs of GEP are also encoded in simple linear chromosomes of fixed length. Thus, GEP is a genotype-phenotype system, benefiting from a simple genome to keep and transmit the genetic information and a complex phenotype to explore the environment and adapt to it.
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