The importance of MTHFR gene mutation detection in patient with
... activity (WU et al 2012). This variant is a cytosine to thymine substitution which can be found at nucleotide 677 (C677T) of chromosome 1. The connection between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and recurrent pregnancy loss in some populations was revealed by conducting a metaanalysis of the case-contro ...
... activity (WU et al 2012). This variant is a cytosine to thymine substitution which can be found at nucleotide 677 (C677T) of chromosome 1. The connection between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and recurrent pregnancy loss in some populations was revealed by conducting a metaanalysis of the case-contro ...
Association of Apolipoprotein E Alleles with Susceptibility to Age
... significantly between the patients and control groups (P<0.05). The frequency of APOEε2 was higher in patients than that of the controls (P = 0.00) and this variant allele showed a significant association with AMD even after removal of the effects of age, sex and smoking in logistic regression analy ...
... significantly between the patients and control groups (P<0.05). The frequency of APOEε2 was higher in patients than that of the controls (P = 0.00) and this variant allele showed a significant association with AMD even after removal of the effects of age, sex and smoking in logistic regression analy ...
MicroRNAs: key participants in gene regulatory networks
... siRNAs, it is reasonable to deduce the almost infinite potential of miRNAs in regulating gene expression at nearly all levels. As some miRNAs are located less than 1 kb from either 50 start or 30 end of putative genes that contain many cis-acting elements, even in introns, exons or the complementary ...
... siRNAs, it is reasonable to deduce the almost infinite potential of miRNAs in regulating gene expression at nearly all levels. As some miRNAs are located less than 1 kb from either 50 start or 30 end of putative genes that contain many cis-acting elements, even in introns, exons or the complementary ...
1 The Empirical Non-Equivalence of Genic and Genotypic Models of
... Abstract. Genic selectionists (Williams 1966 and Dawkins 1976) defend the view that genes are the (unique) units of selection and that all evolutionary events can be adequately represented at the genic level. Pluralistic genic selectionists (Sterelny and Kitcher 1988, Waters 1991, Dawkins 1982) def ...
... Abstract. Genic selectionists (Williams 1966 and Dawkins 1976) defend the view that genes are the (unique) units of selection and that all evolutionary events can be adequately represented at the genic level. Pluralistic genic selectionists (Sterelny and Kitcher 1988, Waters 1991, Dawkins 1982) def ...
Neural Network Benchmark for SMORN-VII
... conditions. In software form, the same refers to the performance of the network where a neural network has the ability to recognize patterns, even the information making up these patterns is noisy or incomplete. Because of this very feature, the adaptive neural networks are highly suited for fault ...
... conditions. In software form, the same refers to the performance of the network where a neural network has the ability to recognize patterns, even the information making up these patterns is noisy or incomplete. Because of this very feature, the adaptive neural networks are highly suited for fault ...
Row
... trapped by ciliated olfactory receptors. These receptors initiate impulses to the olfactory bulbs, which relay the signals to the temporal lobe of the cerebrum for interpretation. Recently, researchers Linda Buck and Richard Axel of Columbia University have been able to identify some odour-receptor ...
... trapped by ciliated olfactory receptors. These receptors initiate impulses to the olfactory bulbs, which relay the signals to the temporal lobe of the cerebrum for interpretation. Recently, researchers Linda Buck and Richard Axel of Columbia University have been able to identify some odour-receptor ...
Appropriate use of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): a risk
... In the following paragraphs, meta-analytical methods that allow for between-study correlation are described, which enable all available evidence to be combined within a single model. In particular, two models will be presented (Model A and B), which differ in the way that the heterogeneities of geno ...
... In the following paragraphs, meta-analytical methods that allow for between-study correlation are described, which enable all available evidence to be combined within a single model. In particular, two models will be presented (Model A and B), which differ in the way that the heterogeneities of geno ...
Ancient Structure in Africa Unlikely to Explain Neanderthal and Non
... result is also valid for the ancient structure model with no ancestral gene flow (m 5 0). Such a model is equivalent to a model with no gene flow but in which the African population is the outgroup to Neanderthals and non-Africans. Equation (3) is also valid for the ancient structure model with larg ...
... result is also valid for the ancient structure model with no ancestral gene flow (m 5 0). Such a model is equivalent to a model with no gene flow but in which the African population is the outgroup to Neanderthals and non-Africans. Equation (3) is also valid for the ancient structure model with larg ...
Cilia are at the heart of vertebrate left–right asymmetry
... asymmetry across the embryo (reviewed in [1]). In mouse, the first molecular asymmetry arises when the nodal gene, initially expressed throughout the node, develops markedly asymmetric expression at the left side at embryonic day (e) 8.5 (Figure 1) [2–4]. In the presence of the nodal co-factor crypt ...
... asymmetry across the embryo (reviewed in [1]). In mouse, the first molecular asymmetry arises when the nodal gene, initially expressed throughout the node, develops markedly asymmetric expression at the left side at embryonic day (e) 8.5 (Figure 1) [2–4]. In the presence of the nodal co-factor crypt ...
Fundamentals of Genetics
... • This alligator is one of 18 white alligators discovered southwest of New Orleans in 1987 by a fisherman. • How is he different from alligators you have seen? • It is not a different species and it is not albino. • Albinos have off-white or yellowish skin and colorless irises or look pink • This al ...
... • This alligator is one of 18 white alligators discovered southwest of New Orleans in 1987 by a fisherman. • How is he different from alligators you have seen? • It is not a different species and it is not albino. • Albinos have off-white or yellowish skin and colorless irises or look pink • This al ...
Maternal-Zygotic Gene Conflict Over Sex Determination: Effects of Inbreeding
... for strong female bias. Although we have established that such alleles will invade a population initially, we have not determined how far they can spread before reaching an equilibrium frequency or what additional coevolutionary dynamics will occur. The solution to these problems is complex (even th ...
... for strong female bias. Although we have established that such alleles will invade a population initially, we have not determined how far they can spread before reaching an equilibrium frequency or what additional coevolutionary dynamics will occur. The solution to these problems is complex (even th ...
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
... What types of operation are available for FAP? An ileo-rectal anastomosis (IRA) involves removing the large bowel and attaching the small bowel to the rectum. The rectum may develop polyps so this must be examined at least once a year to prevent a cancer starting there. In a pouch operation the lin ...
... What types of operation are available for FAP? An ileo-rectal anastomosis (IRA) involves removing the large bowel and attaching the small bowel to the rectum. The rectum may develop polyps so this must be examined at least once a year to prevent a cancer starting there. In a pouch operation the lin ...
Polycomb Group silencers collaborate with Notch pathway to cause
... HpaII will not cut at its recognition sequence if it contains a methylated cytosine (mCCGG), both MspI and HpaII digestion will be blocked if both cytosines are methylated (mCmCGG). ...
... HpaII will not cut at its recognition sequence if it contains a methylated cytosine (mCCGG), both MspI and HpaII digestion will be blocked if both cytosines are methylated (mCmCGG). ...
When Phenotypes Do Not Match Genotypes—Unexpected
... has, however, been questioned by Bańbura (1994, but for discussion, see Bańbura and Bakker 1995). Another explanation could be a recurrent mutation in the same modifying gene, leading to different expression of phenotypes, which is what was found for pelvic spines in stickleback (Chan et al. 2010) ...
... has, however, been questioned by Bańbura (1994, but for discussion, see Bańbura and Bakker 1995). Another explanation could be a recurrent mutation in the same modifying gene, leading to different expression of phenotypes, which is what was found for pelvic spines in stickleback (Chan et al. 2010) ...
Alu repeat analysis in the complete human genome: trends and
... units separated by a poly ‘A’ stretch. The monomers, homologous to 7SL RNA, are absolutely identical except for a 30 bp insertion in the right monomer (Jelinek et al., 1980; Ullu and Tschudi, 1984). The 3 end of the Alu element has a long stretch of adenine residues, and is flanked by 4–10 bp of di ...
... units separated by a poly ‘A’ stretch. The monomers, homologous to 7SL RNA, are absolutely identical except for a 30 bp insertion in the right monomer (Jelinek et al., 1980; Ullu and Tschudi, 1984). The 3 end of the Alu element has a long stretch of adenine residues, and is flanked by 4–10 bp of di ...
REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION AND LOCAL ADAPTATION
... identified as the parameter space for which ln(L) was within 2 and 3 units, respectively, of the maximum. These likelihood profiles were also useful in verifying that our annealing runs did in fact reach optima. To evaluate the fit of different models we used Akaike’s information criterion (AIC; Aka ...
... identified as the parameter space for which ln(L) was within 2 and 3 units, respectively, of the maximum. These likelihood profiles were also useful in verifying that our annealing runs did in fact reach optima. To evaluate the fit of different models we used Akaike’s information criterion (AIC; Aka ...
6.3 Mendel and Heredity
... • Female mammals have an XX genotype – X-inactivation – one X chromosome is randomly “turned off” in every cell – Ex: calico cats ...
... • Female mammals have an XX genotype – X-inactivation – one X chromosome is randomly “turned off” in every cell – Ex: calico cats ...
Iterative Techniques for Maximizing Stochastic Robustness of a
... of the parent chromosomes differs between the selected crossover points to guarantee offspring that are not clones of their parents. Following crossover, a local search procedure, conceptually analogous to the steepest descent technique [7], is applied to each of the produced offspring prior to thei ...
... of the parent chromosomes differs between the selected crossover points to guarantee offspring that are not clones of their parents. Following crossover, a local search procedure, conceptually analogous to the steepest descent technique [7], is applied to each of the produced offspring prior to thei ...
How to use helper strains for maintaining and crossing handicapped... and resolving heterokaryons, and for determining heterokaryon compatibility.
... N. crassa helpers. Visible fresh inocula of the two strains to be combined are superimposed at a spot on minimal medium, as is done when initiating any forced heterokaryon. Helpers carrying mat am1 (Perkins 1984) or mat∆ (mat A deletion) (Metzenberg and Sachs 2002) have lost both the ability to mate ...
... N. crassa helpers. Visible fresh inocula of the two strains to be combined are superimposed at a spot on minimal medium, as is done when initiating any forced heterokaryon. Helpers carrying mat am1 (Perkins 1984) or mat∆ (mat A deletion) (Metzenberg and Sachs 2002) have lost both the ability to mate ...
HbF inducers
... Resveratrol ( antioxidant) both can increase Hb F production, natural products, not associated with cytotoxicity or cell growth inhibition J Clin Invest, 2008 and blood review 2012 ...
... Resveratrol ( antioxidant) both can increase Hb F production, natural products, not associated with cytotoxicity or cell growth inhibition J Clin Invest, 2008 and blood review 2012 ...
Natural selection and the maximization of fitness
... counteracted by other evolutionary processes (drift, mutation, etc.). The problem is that even when there is no cause of gene frequency change other than natural selection, the mean fitness still decreases. If there any way to salvage MAX-A or MAX-B? There are various moves we might make here, thoug ...
... counteracted by other evolutionary processes (drift, mutation, etc.). The problem is that even when there is no cause of gene frequency change other than natural selection, the mean fitness still decreases. If there any way to salvage MAX-A or MAX-B? There are various moves we might make here, thoug ...
Identification and Analysis of Arabidopsis Expressed Sequence
... conditions (Teramoto et al., 1995). This gene is part of a family of ncRNAs with members in several plant species (Taylor and Green, 1995; Teramoto et al., 1996; van Hoof et al., 1997). GUT15 (gene with unstable transcript 15) is another characterized member of this family. This transcript was first ...
... conditions (Teramoto et al., 1995). This gene is part of a family of ncRNAs with members in several plant species (Taylor and Green, 1995; Teramoto et al., 1996; van Hoof et al., 1997). GUT15 (gene with unstable transcript 15) is another characterized member of this family. This transcript was first ...