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Genetics
Genetics

... Dominant allele is expressed over recessive Homozygous has two of the same allele (AA or aa); heterozygous has two different alleles (Aa) and therefore has dominant phenotype ...
Types of Inheritance
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... Dominant allele – an allele that has the same affect on the phenotype in a heterozygous individual as in a homozygous individual Recessive allele – an allele that only has an effect on the phenotype in homozygous individuals. In heterozygous individuals the recessive allele is hidden by the dominant ...
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Biology 345 Organic Evolution
Biology 345 Organic Evolution

... may be visible, like color) • Genotype – All alleles of a gene possessed by an individual. Classified as: A) Homozygous – union of gametes carrying identical alleles; produce homozygotes B) Heterozygous – union of gametes carrying different alleles; produce heterozygotes ...
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Biology 345 Organic Evolution

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Genetics
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Mrs. Deringerʼs Vocabulary for Heredity Unit

... represented by a capital letter when doing Punnett Squares. 6. recessive allele - a variation of a gene that is hidden by a dominant allele. It is represented by a lower case letter when doing Punnett Squares. 7. genes - segments of DNA that carry hereditary information from the parents to the offsp ...
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Inheritance Patterns Name Definition Visual Example Punnett

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Dominance (genetics)



Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus. The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive. For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics. Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape, for example a pea shape in peas. Peas may be round, associated with allele R or wrinkled, associated with allele r. In this case, three combinations of alleles (genotypes) are possible: RR, Rr, and rr. The RR individuals have round peas and the rr individuals have wrinkled peas. In Rr individuals the R allele masks the presence of the r allele, so these individuals also have round peas. Thus, allele R is dominant to allele r, and allele r is recessive to allele R. This use of upper case letters for dominant alleles and lower caseones for recessive alleles is a widely followed convention.More generally, where a gene exists in two allelic versions (designated A and a), three combinations of alleles are possible: AA, Aa, and aa. If AA and aa individuals (homozygotes) show different forms of some trait (phenotypes), and Aa individuals (heterozygotes) show the same phenotype as AA individuals, then allele A is said to dominate or be dominant to or show dominance to allele a, and a is said to be recessive to A.Dominance is not inherent to an allele. It is a relationship between alleles; one allele can be dominant over a second allele, recessive to a third allele, and codominant to a fourth. Also, an allele may be dominant for a particular aspect of phenotype but not for other aspects influenced by the same gene. Dominance differs from epistasis, a relationship in which an allele of one gene affects the expression of another allele at a different gene.
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