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BIO201InheritanceWeb
BIO201InheritanceWeb

... Heterozygous and homozygous- when someone has 2 of the same allele at a gene, we say they are HOMOZYGOUS for that gene. When someone has 2 different alleles at a gene, we say they are HETEROZYGOUS for that gene. Dominant and recessive alleles- When someone is heterozygous for a gene, and only one al ...
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... 1. Heterozygous: The term used for different alleles. There is always one dominant and one recessive allele. Example: Gg. There is only one possibility for this! 2. Homozygous: The term used for having the same alleles. This will be either 2 dominant alleles or 2 recessive alleles. Example: GG or gg ...
Chapter 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity
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Work Packet - Huth Science

... PTC, have at least one dominant allele. Those with the recessive genotype cannot taste it. Taste the strip of control paper. Then taste the strip of PTC Paper to see if there is a difference or not. Mid-Digital Hair (H): Individuals who have hair on the middle joints of their fingers have at least o ...
pBMN-LacZ - Allele Biotech
pBMN-LacZ - Allele Biotech

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Dominance (genetics)



Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus. The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive. For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics. Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape, for example a pea shape in peas. Peas may be round, associated with allele R or wrinkled, associated with allele r. In this case, three combinations of alleles (genotypes) are possible: RR, Rr, and rr. The RR individuals have round peas and the rr individuals have wrinkled peas. In Rr individuals the R allele masks the presence of the r allele, so these individuals also have round peas. Thus, allele R is dominant to allele r, and allele r is recessive to allele R. This use of upper case letters for dominant alleles and lower caseones for recessive alleles is a widely followed convention.More generally, where a gene exists in two allelic versions (designated A and a), three combinations of alleles are possible: AA, Aa, and aa. If AA and aa individuals (homozygotes) show different forms of some trait (phenotypes), and Aa individuals (heterozygotes) show the same phenotype as AA individuals, then allele A is said to dominate or be dominant to or show dominance to allele a, and a is said to be recessive to A.Dominance is not inherent to an allele. It is a relationship between alleles; one allele can be dominant over a second allele, recessive to a third allele, and codominant to a fourth. Also, an allele may be dominant for a particular aspect of phenotype but not for other aspects influenced by the same gene. Dominance differs from epistasis, a relationship in which an allele of one gene affects the expression of another allele at a different gene.
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