LAB 10-A - BrainMass
... 3- If crossing over occurs between genes A(a) and B(b) of these homologous chromosomes, what would be the genetic composition of the resulting cells of meiosis ------A--------B-----------------A--------B-----------------a---------b---------------a---------b--------- ...
... 3- If crossing over occurs between genes A(a) and B(b) of these homologous chromosomes, what would be the genetic composition of the resulting cells of meiosis ------A--------B-----------------A--------B-----------------a---------b---------------a---------b--------- ...
LECTURE 34
... 1. Euploids are defined as chromosome complements that are exact multiples of the basic haploid set. While all sorts of euploids can be defined, there appears to be a limit to the number of “genomes” that can exist within cells/organisms. The highest polyploids found in a sustaining condition are a ...
... 1. Euploids are defined as chromosome complements that are exact multiples of the basic haploid set. While all sorts of euploids can be defined, there appears to be a limit to the number of “genomes” that can exist within cells/organisms. The highest polyploids found in a sustaining condition are a ...
Section 7.2 – Meiosis Understanding Concepts #1
... 1. Somatic Cells – full set of chromosomes (diploid cell) Reproductive Cells – half a set of chromosomes (haploid cell) 2. Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape and gene arrangements. (Each one of the chromosomes you received from you father is matched with one from your mom.) 3. During the fi ...
... 1. Somatic Cells – full set of chromosomes (diploid cell) Reproductive Cells – half a set of chromosomes (haploid cell) 2. Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape and gene arrangements. (Each one of the chromosomes you received from you father is matched with one from your mom.) 3. During the fi ...
Untitled
... e) Humans have 46 chromosomes per diploid cell and chimps have 48. Still, the species are considered to be very closely related. What accounts for the numerical difference and what suggests ‘close relationship’.? The apes have 2 one armed chromsomes that fused (Robertsonian translocation to become o ...
... e) Humans have 46 chromosomes per diploid cell and chimps have 48. Still, the species are considered to be very closely related. What accounts for the numerical difference and what suggests ‘close relationship’.? The apes have 2 one armed chromsomes that fused (Robertsonian translocation to become o ...
Polyploidy
... Transposable elements that had been repressed within each parent lineage may be activated in hybrids, and can facilitate the movement of genes and promote unequal crossing over. Polyploidy is an important factor in speciation. In particular, sexually reproducing autotetraploids are automatically iso ...
... Transposable elements that had been repressed within each parent lineage may be activated in hybrids, and can facilitate the movement of genes and promote unequal crossing over. Polyploidy is an important factor in speciation. In particular, sexually reproducing autotetraploids are automatically iso ...
The DNA molecule exits for most of the cell cycle as
... Sex-linked traits have a loci (singular locus) on the X chromosome, so that only one recessive allele is required for expression in males, since males have only one X chromosome. ...
... Sex-linked traits have a loci (singular locus) on the X chromosome, so that only one recessive allele is required for expression in males, since males have only one X chromosome. ...
Inheritance Assessment
... These are the units which make up chromosomes. Responsible for inheritance of specific characteristics ...
... These are the units which make up chromosomes. Responsible for inheritance of specific characteristics ...
Advanced Genetics: Karyotypes and Pedigrees
... cell, for one organism • Karyotypes can show: • changes in chromosomes • deletion of part or loss of a chromosome • extra chromosomes ...
... cell, for one organism • Karyotypes can show: • changes in chromosomes • deletion of part or loss of a chromosome • extra chromosomes ...
Meiosis II
... help determine what organism looks like, these are called homologous chromosomes. - genes arrange in same order on chromosomes, but there are different alleles for the same gene. A ...
... help determine what organism looks like, these are called homologous chromosomes. - genes arrange in same order on chromosomes, but there are different alleles for the same gene. A ...
Hierarchy of Genetics
... - are sections of DNA on a chromosome - They determine the traits that show up in an organism -Different forms of a trait that a gene may have are called alleles ...
... - are sections of DNA on a chromosome - They determine the traits that show up in an organism -Different forms of a trait that a gene may have are called alleles ...
Cell Division Review Quiz
... c. All chromosomes have tips on their ends (called t________________________) that get shorter with each cell division. When these tips get too short, the cell stops d_________________________. This leads to some of the symptoms of aging, but prevents c____________________. d. How many chromosomes a ...
... c. All chromosomes have tips on their ends (called t________________________) that get shorter with each cell division. When these tips get too short, the cell stops d_________________________. This leads to some of the symptoms of aging, but prevents c____________________. d. How many chromosomes a ...
Honors Genetics Chapter 2: Mitosis and Meiosis INTRODUCTION
... A molecule of DNA is organized into units called genes, the products direct the metabolic activities of cells. DNA is organized into chromosomes which serve as the vehicles for transmitting genetics information. Chromosomes are only visible during mitosis and meiosis. During Interphase, when the cel ...
... A molecule of DNA is organized into units called genes, the products direct the metabolic activities of cells. DNA is organized into chromosomes which serve as the vehicles for transmitting genetics information. Chromosomes are only visible during mitosis and meiosis. During Interphase, when the cel ...
Practice questions for exam 3
... can be used to alter the inherited characteristics of an organism c. raises ethical questions in the minds of some people d. all of the above ...
... can be used to alter the inherited characteristics of an organism c. raises ethical questions in the minds of some people d. all of the above ...
Notes: Meiosis
... E.Q.: What is the purpose of Meiosis? What are the sources of variation in a population? Definition: A type of cell division that only certain cells in the gonads of multicellular organism undergo to produce gametes (sex cells) In the process of Meiosis, PMAT happens twice - 1st = reduce the amo ...
... E.Q.: What is the purpose of Meiosis? What are the sources of variation in a population? Definition: A type of cell division that only certain cells in the gonads of multicellular organism undergo to produce gametes (sex cells) In the process of Meiosis, PMAT happens twice - 1st = reduce the amo ...
DNA-Chromosomes-Genes-Genome student notesheet
... • There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the _____________________ of any one of your cells. • Each chromosome has a single strand of _____________________, which carries the code for a couple of thousand _____________________. ...
... • There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the _____________________ of any one of your cells. • Each chromosome has a single strand of _____________________, which carries the code for a couple of thousand _____________________. ...
Chromosome Number Mutations
... Mutation / accident during cell division Homologous chromosomes fail to separate in meiosis I Sister chromatids fail to separate in meiosis II or mitosis Results in extra or missing chromosomes ...
... Mutation / accident during cell division Homologous chromosomes fail to separate in meiosis I Sister chromatids fail to separate in meiosis II or mitosis Results in extra or missing chromosomes ...
Genetic Birth Defects
... of two. It’s named after of John H.Edwards who first described it in 1960. ...
... of two. It’s named after of John H.Edwards who first described it in 1960. ...
Sex Chromosome Biology in the Mammalian Kingdom All biological
... All biological differences between women and men originate from the sex chromosomes. Some 160 million years ago, the X and Y chromosomes were very similar, but since then the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, whereas the present X chromosome contains more than 1000 genes. Hence, the dosage of ...
... All biological differences between women and men originate from the sex chromosomes. Some 160 million years ago, the X and Y chromosomes were very similar, but since then the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, whereas the present X chromosome contains more than 1000 genes. Hence, the dosage of ...
Intro to Meiosis - Solon City Schools
... • You have 23 pairs of chromosomes. In each pair you received one from your mom and one from your dad. Each pair is similar, but not exactly alike…we call them ...
... • You have 23 pairs of chromosomes. In each pair you received one from your mom and one from your dad. Each pair is similar, but not exactly alike…we call them ...
Section 6.1 Reinforcement
... smallest. Chromosome pairs 1 through 22 are autosomes. Autosomes are chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics not directly related to sex. The two other chromosomes are sex chromosomes, chromosomes that directly control the development of sexual characteristics. In humans, a woman has two ...
... smallest. Chromosome pairs 1 through 22 are autosomes. Autosomes are chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics not directly related to sex. The two other chromosomes are sex chromosomes, chromosomes that directly control the development of sexual characteristics. In humans, a woman has two ...
Unit 5 review
... 2. The longest phase of the cell cycle is _____________________. 3. In G1, they cell __________________. 4. The DNA is copied during ___________________. 5. The last stage of interphase is _______. 6. The goal of mitosis is to get cells that are genetically ______________. The chromosome number goes ...
... 2. The longest phase of the cell cycle is _____________________. 3. In G1, they cell __________________. 4. The DNA is copied during ___________________. 5. The last stage of interphase is _______. 6. The goal of mitosis is to get cells that are genetically ______________. The chromosome number goes ...
The process of meiosis - Deans Community High School
... different chromatids each of which ends up in a different gamete. Also, during the first meiotic division, the homologous pairs of chromosomes line up at the equator in a way which is random relative to any other pair. This independent assortment of chromosomes gives rise to different genetic combin ...
... different chromatids each of which ends up in a different gamete. Also, during the first meiotic division, the homologous pairs of chromosomes line up at the equator in a way which is random relative to any other pair. This independent assortment of chromosomes gives rise to different genetic combin ...
Review2
... hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic What part of the phospholipid is attracted to water? Know the molecules responsible for membrane transport. Cell Division cell reproduction: binary fission, mitosis and meiosis asexual vs. sexual reproduction haploid vs. diploid chromosomes homologous chromatids he ...
... hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic What part of the phospholipid is attracted to water? Know the molecules responsible for membrane transport. Cell Division cell reproduction: binary fission, mitosis and meiosis asexual vs. sexual reproduction haploid vs. diploid chromosomes homologous chromatids he ...
Polyploid
Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (Eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy is found in some organisms and is especially common in plants. In addition, polyploidy occurs in some tissues of animals that are otherwise diploid, such as human muscle tissues. This is known as endopolyploidy. Species whose cells do not have nuclei, that is, Prokaryotes, may be polyploid organisms, as seen in the large bacterium Epulopicium fishelsoni [1]. Hence ploidy is defined with respect to a cell. Most eukaryotes have diploid somatic cells, but produce haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) by meiosis. A monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. Male bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, are monoploid. Unlike animals, plants and multicellular algae have life cycles with two alternating multicellular generations. The gametophyte generation is haploid, and produces gametes by mitosis, the sporophyte generation is diploid and produces spores by meiosis.Polyploidy refers to a numerical change in a whole set of chromosomes. Organisms in which a particular chromosome, or chromosome segment, is under- or overrepresented are said to be aneuploid (from the Greek words meaning ""not"", ""good"", and ""fold""). Therefore the distinction between aneuploidy and polyploidy is that aneuploidy refers to a numerical change in part of the chromosome set, whereas polyploidy refers to a numerical change in the whole set of chromosomes.Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or commonly during metaphase I in meiosis.Polyploidy occurs in some animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders, but is especially common among ferns and flowering plants (see Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), including both wild and cultivated species. Wheat, for example, after millennia of hybridization and modification by humans, has strains that are diploid (two sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) with the common name of durum or macaroni wheat, and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes) with the common name of bread wheat. Many agriculturally important plants of the genus Brassica are also tetraploids.Polyploidy can be induced in plants and cell cultures by some chemicals: the best known is colchicine, which can result in chromosome doubling, though its use may have other less obvious consequences as well. Oryzalin will also double the existing chromosome content.