• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Geen diatitel
Geen diatitel

... A, the gain of the op amp, to generate the output-voltage source. Any current flowing to the output terminal vo must pass through the output resistance Ro. 8C120 ...
1 Circuits 2009 Student version
1 Circuits 2009 Student version

Voltage Drops Around Closed Loops Select Resistors Build the
Voltage Drops Around Closed Loops Select Resistors Build the

... contributions to the understanding of electrical circuits and to the science of emission  spectroscopy He showed that when elements were heated to incandescence they spectroscopy. He showed that when elements were heated to incandescence, they  produce a characteristic signature allowing them to be  ...
75 VOLT 5 AMP MOSFET H-BRIDGE PWM MOTOR DRIVER
75 VOLT 5 AMP MOSFET H-BRIDGE PWM MOTOR DRIVER

Electric Current
Electric Current

... Resistance- the tendency for a material to resist the flow of electrons and convert electrical energy to other forms of energy ◦ Resistors are used to reduce the flow of a current through all or part of a circuit  Help protect more delicate electronic components  Example- used to computers ...
Multilayer Varistor Application Note
Multilayer Varistor Application Note

... metal oxides between two metal electrode plates (see Figure 1). These large adjacent grains form diode junctions that allow current to flow in only one direction. These “diode junctions” arrange themselves in such a way that they perform like opposing diodes in series. When a large voltage is applie ...
Circuits - Physics-project-12-06
Circuits - Physics-project-12-06

... To start off, Simple circuits:- is a closed loop of conducter through which charges can flow. I.E: ...
V and R in parallel circuits
V and R in parallel circuits

... Electrical circuits in homes are parallel circuits. 1. Each outlet has its own path. One can have something connected and be on, while another has nothing connected, or have something connected while turned off. 2 Every outlet sees the same voltage, because each outlet is connected to the same wire ...
Active DC Voltage Balancing PWM Technique for High
Active DC Voltage Balancing PWM Technique for High

Electricity Worksheet 2 – Voltage, Current and Resistance
Electricity Worksheet 2 – Voltage, Current and Resistance

... Electricity Worksheet 2 – Voltage, Current and Resistance Question 1 Work out the voltages labelled “?” in each of the circuits below. ?V ...
P5 - Electric Circuits
P5 - Electric Circuits

... 32a) Your stereo needs 45V, but the mains provides 230V. Inside your stereo, the transformer has 200 turns in the primary coil. How many turns does it need in the secondary coil? ...
c cz - rogersphysics
c cz - rogersphysics

... Rank according to the size of single resistor that would be equivalent to the given group of resistors from largest to smallest. All the bulbs are identical and you should treat them as ohmic resistors. The power supply is ideal. All connecting wires have negligible resistance. ...
LED Resistor Calculation
LED Resistor Calculation

... if the supply voltage is 12 V (Vs), voltage drop across the LED is 1.8 V (Vf) and the allowable current is 20 mA (If) then the value of the series resistor will be Vs – Vf / If = 12 – 1.8 / 20 mA = 10.2 / 0.02 A = 510 Ohms. A suitable available value of resistor is 470 Ohms. But is advisable to use ...
LB11851MC
LB11851MC

... ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www ...
Water level meters Abstract: Here is a simple water level alarm
Water level meters Abstract: Here is a simple water level alarm

MLVB
MLVB

... The only controlled copy of this Data Sheet is the electronic read-only version located on the Cooper Bussmann Network Drive. All other copies of this document are by definition uncontrolled. This bulletin is intended to clearly present comprehensive product data and provide technical information th ...
2SB1706
2SB1706

... otherwise dispose of the same, no express or implied right or license to practice or commercially exploit any intellectual property rights or other proprietary rights owned or controlled by ROHM CO., LTD. is granted to any such buyer. Products listed in this document are no antiradiation design. ...
Basics of Audio Systems Audio Basic Signal Path Signal
Basics of Audio Systems Audio Basic Signal Path Signal

Science 9 Current Electricity Notes 2012
Science 9 Current Electricity Notes 2012

C S U
C S U

AD8210 AD8274 AD780
AD8210 AD8274 AD780

Design_Logic_Probe
Design_Logic_Probe

... time should light when the input is a steady DC level between zero and +5 V. – LED 1 should light when the input voltage is below 0.8 V. – LED 2 should light (a) when the input is open (floating) or (b) when the input voltage is between 0.8 and 2.2 V. – LED 3 should light when the input voltage is a ...
Cleaning Up - UCF Physics
Cleaning Up - UCF Physics

...  We looked at each element (C, R, L) separately and looked at the voltages and currents.  The results were- ...
Square Technical Data Sheet
Square Technical Data Sheet

Multi-functional Packaged Antennas for Next
Multi-functional Packaged Antennas for Next

... Only then the voltage appears across the load. In reverse bias, the diode blocks the voltage, i.e. acts as an open circuit. Thus the voltage across the load becomes zero. For ideal diodes, the voltage drop in forward bias is zero. For real diodes the voltage drop is usually few tenths of a volt. The ...
< 1 ... 2129 2130 2131 2132 2133 2134 2135 2136 2137 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report