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BCOR 101, Exam 1 Be sure to show your work!. 1 Name ____KEY
BCOR 101, Exam 1 Be sure to show your work!. 1 Name ____KEY

... Chloroplasts are maternally inherited through the cytoplasm of the ovule. Because the seeds are produced on a white branch, from white ovules, All offspring will have white leaves. See p 56-7 and Fig 2.31 -orb. By what mechanism do chromosomes separate during mitosis or meiosis (include the word “ki ...
Exercise- Genetics 1. Which of the following statements is true of
Exercise- Genetics 1. Which of the following statements is true of

... A. meiosis – for formation of gametes B. mitosis – for formation of gametes C. meiosis – for increasing the number of cells D. mitosis – for increasing the number of cells ...
Name_______________________________________________
Name_______________________________________________

... male. 7 The allele that is expressed in the phenotype even if it is the only copy present in the genotype. 10 When a sperm and egg combine to form one new cell. 11 A special kind of cell division that produces haploid cells. 12 A ratio that compares a number to 100. 14 A unit of heredity that occupi ...
Review and Non-Mendelian Genetics
Review and Non-Mendelian Genetics

... • Females are XX, Males are XY • Females have two full sized X chromosomes • Males have one full sized X and one small Y chromosome. ...
DO NOW
DO NOW

... Chromosomes are not DNA!!!!!! DNA does help make up a chromosome Total DNA in a single human is about 6 feet long In order to fit into a cells nucleus, it is compacted and intertwined with various proteins • But most of the time DNa is in the form of chromatin ...
Lecture 7: Tetrad analysis
Lecture 7: Tetrad analysis

... Lecture 7: Tetrad analysis ...
DNA - The Double Helix
DNA - The Double Helix

Revision sheets File - New College Leicester
Revision sheets File - New College Leicester

... What is mitosis and why is it needed? ...
B2_Revision_Sheets.ppt - New College Leicester
B2_Revision_Sheets.ppt - New College Leicester

... What is mitosis and why is it needed? ...
Lecture 9
Lecture 9

... from M5 onwards. By M8 or M9, the most promising lines are selected and released. • In the case of polygenic traits, inferior plants are rejected at M3 and M4 levels and based on screening tests, the remaining seeds are bulked and used for yield trials and finally released as new varieties. ...
Genetics/Genetic Disorders, Evolution
Genetics/Genetic Disorders, Evolution

... structures with decreased size or function. They often have no apparent use in the present organism. Vestigial structures are evidence that an organism has changed. Ex. hip bones in whales (evidence of the fact that whales had ancestors that had legs & walked) & appendix in humans (apparently used w ...
Paper 1
Paper 1

... the seeds were attached to the husk in such a way that it could easily be dispersed by wind. There was a second 'genetic accident' in which Emmer crossed with another species of goat grass which had a diploid number of 14, to produce a hybrid with 42 chromosomes. This hybrid is the present-day bread ...
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Step 1

... are stochastic algorithms use a vocabulary borrowed from natural genetics are more robust than existing directed search methods maintain a population of potential solutions the structure of a simple GA is the same as the structure of any evolution program ...
Cell reproduction and Cell cycle - SITH-ITB
Cell reproduction and Cell cycle - SITH-ITB

... • More time for growth  extra gap phases are inserted in cell cycles a G1 phase between M phase and S phase a G2 phase between S phase and mitosis. 2014, MIT/RRE/EGR/AB,SITH ITB ...
Biology 3201
Biology 3201

... and can be passed on to an offspring Allele – alternate form of a gene Unit theory – a term describing Mendel’s law of inheritance, from his discovery that genes (which he called “factors”) are inherited as independent units Dominant – type of trait in which the characteristic is always expressed, o ...
Unit 10 Powerpoint
Unit 10 Powerpoint

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DNA and RNA ppt

... determined by the presence and expression of dominant and/or recessive alleles.  Gene-- a segment of DNA that codes for a protein, which in turn codes for a trait (skin ...
DNA and RNA
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... determined by the presence and expression of dominant and/or recessive alleles.  Gene-- a segment of DNA that codes for a protein, which in turn codes for a trait (skin ...
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... two chromosomes (a ...................................number of two) as it goes through mitosis: ...
Multiple Choice - Test Bank Team
Multiple Choice - Test Bank Team

CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 4

... 4-18. The gene-centromere map distance equals 1/2 the frequency of seconddivision segregation, which also equals the frequency of crossing over in the region. In this problem it is easiest to answer the questions by taking the cases out of order, considering the second-division segregations at the ...
Pedigrees and karyotypes
Pedigrees and karyotypes

... How do scientists track diseases like sickle cell anemia down through family lines? ...
The DNA chromatin condensation expressed by the image optical
The DNA chromatin condensation expressed by the image optical

... noted on this occasion that the present study does not facilitate the distinction between the constitutive and facultative heterochromatin or heterochromatin required for the gene activation (Grigoryev et al. 2006, Grewal and Songtao 2007). The width measurements of chromatin DNA fibrils in the cent ...
Terms to know: Biology, Hypothesis, Variable, Control, Metabolism
Terms to know: Biology, Hypothesis, Variable, Control, Metabolism

... Terms to know: aerobic, anaerobic, mitochondria, matrix, inner membrane. 24. Know the basic differences between aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration. 25. Where in the cell and where in the mitochondrion does each stage of respiration take place? 26. Know the general equation, and sequence of s ...
Basic Genetics & Background on Genetic Testing
Basic Genetics & Background on Genetic Testing

... have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). • One copy of each pair is inherited from the mother and the other from the father. ...
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Chromosome



A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.
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