Lecture 5
... Later, Thomas Hunt Morgan found a similar deviation from Mendel’s second law while studying two autosomal genes in Drosophila. Morgan suggested that the genes governing both phenotypes are located on the same pair of homologous chromosomes. ...
... Later, Thomas Hunt Morgan found a similar deviation from Mendel’s second law while studying two autosomal genes in Drosophila. Morgan suggested that the genes governing both phenotypes are located on the same pair of homologous chromosomes. ...
Genetic Control of Cell Function and Inheritance
... Cells contain several types of RNA: messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) contains the transcribed instructions for protein synthesis obtained from the DNA molecule and carries them into the cytoplasm. Transcription is followed by translation, the synthesis of proteins ...
... Cells contain several types of RNA: messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) contains the transcribed instructions for protein synthesis obtained from the DNA molecule and carries them into the cytoplasm. Transcription is followed by translation, the synthesis of proteins ...
Bacteria/Virus review
... process is called and what happens. Binary Fission: Asexual, Conjugation: Sexual 15. List the different phylums of bacteria and give an example of each. 16. What are the 2 kingdoms in bacteria? Archeabacteria, Eubacteria 17. Why did they split Monera into 2 kingdoms? Different characteristics: missi ...
... process is called and what happens. Binary Fission: Asexual, Conjugation: Sexual 15. List the different phylums of bacteria and give an example of each. 16. What are the 2 kingdoms in bacteria? Archeabacteria, Eubacteria 17. Why did they split Monera into 2 kingdoms? Different characteristics: missi ...
B - Moore Public Schools
... A. both contain ribosomes to produce proteins B. both contain chloroplasts to capture energy from the sun and convert it to food C. both contain chromatin that contain genetic information for the cell D. both contain a nucleolus where ribosomes are made ...
... A. both contain ribosomes to produce proteins B. both contain chloroplasts to capture energy from the sun and convert it to food C. both contain chromatin that contain genetic information for the cell D. both contain a nucleolus where ribosomes are made ...
General Genetic lab. Sheet 3 Eiman Al
... commonly called the X chromosome), 2, 3, and 4. A male has one X chromosome, one Y chromosome, and two each of chromosomes 2, 3, and 4. The Y chromosome and chromosome 4 are both very small, and carry few genes. The majority of the fly's genes are carried on chromosomes X, 2, and 3. The X and Y chro ...
... commonly called the X chromosome), 2, 3, and 4. A male has one X chromosome, one Y chromosome, and two each of chromosomes 2, 3, and 4. The Y chromosome and chromosome 4 are both very small, and carry few genes. The majority of the fly's genes are carried on chromosomes X, 2, and 3. The X and Y chro ...
Monster Genetics Practice Test
... a. There is evidence that monster chromosomes always cross-over and exchange DNA. b. Mendel’s law of independent assortment does not apply to monster meiosis. c. There is no evidence of crossing-over but independent assortment does occur. d. Both crossing-over and independent assortment never occurs ...
... a. There is evidence that monster chromosomes always cross-over and exchange DNA. b. Mendel’s law of independent assortment does not apply to monster meiosis. c. There is no evidence of crossing-over but independent assortment does occur. d. Both crossing-over and independent assortment never occurs ...
ECA Biology Review 1 1. Which three elements are often found in
... ScienceDaily (July 14, 2011)- A protein molecules that ‘glues’ cells together and has a key role in cancer is also responsible for many other important functions of cells, a new study has found. Scientists say their unexpected findings are important because they could lead to a better understanding ...
... ScienceDaily (July 14, 2011)- A protein molecules that ‘glues’ cells together and has a key role in cancer is also responsible for many other important functions of cells, a new study has found. Scientists say their unexpected findings are important because they could lead to a better understanding ...
EWORP Alien Genetics
... Background: Have you ever wondered why so many people can look different from each other, even when they are closely related? Our particular combination of features makes us unique. Just like in real life, the different combinations are created by the union of egg and sperm cells during fertilizatio ...
... Background: Have you ever wondered why so many people can look different from each other, even when they are closely related? Our particular combination of features makes us unique. Just like in real life, the different combinations are created by the union of egg and sperm cells during fertilizatio ...
Sex Linked / "X" Linked Genetics
... Almost all the genes on the X have no counterpart on the Y chromosome Fathers can not pass Xlinked alleles to their sons. Father can pass Xlinked alleles to their daughters. Mothers can pass sexlinked alleles to both sons and daughters. If a sex linked trait is due to a recess ...
... Almost all the genes on the X have no counterpart on the Y chromosome Fathers can not pass Xlinked alleles to their sons. Father can pass Xlinked alleles to their daughters. Mothers can pass sexlinked alleles to both sons and daughters. If a sex linked trait is due to a recess ...
Document
... • 21.5 billion to 1 • Number of people on planet earth: • 6.1 billion • Odds of being struck by lightning in the U.S.: • 2.8 million to 1 • Odds of winning the Illinois Big Game lottery: • 76 million to 1 • Odds of getting killed driving to the gas station to buy a lottery ticket • 4.5 million to 1 ...
... • 21.5 billion to 1 • Number of people on planet earth: • 6.1 billion • Odds of being struck by lightning in the U.S.: • 2.8 million to 1 • Odds of winning the Illinois Big Game lottery: • 76 million to 1 • Odds of getting killed driving to the gas station to buy a lottery ticket • 4.5 million to 1 ...
Name
... 8. What is the total number of chromosomes in a typical body cell of a person with Down Syndrome? a. 22; b. 23; c. 44; d. 47 9. In humans, most sex-linked traits are due to genes that are: a. inherited only by males; b. carried only by males; c. located on an X chromosome; d. part of an autosome 10. ...
... 8. What is the total number of chromosomes in a typical body cell of a person with Down Syndrome? a. 22; b. 23; c. 44; d. 47 9. In humans, most sex-linked traits are due to genes that are: a. inherited only by males; b. carried only by males; c. located on an X chromosome; d. part of an autosome 10. ...
Chapter 11 Test Review
... • A red flower is crossed with a white flower to make pink offspring. • ANSWER: incomplete dominance ...
... • A red flower is crossed with a white flower to make pink offspring. • ANSWER: incomplete dominance ...
GoldiesGenetics - Farmingdale School District
... 1) autosomes- contains genes on regular 'body chromosomes' 2) sex chromosomes- contains genes for sex differences (male-female) * humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex-chromosomes ...
... 1) autosomes- contains genes on regular 'body chromosomes' 2) sex chromosomes- contains genes for sex differences (male-female) * humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex-chromosomes ...
File
... • Cloning is the creation of an organism that is genetically identical to one that already exists. • In mammals, cloning is done through the process of nuclear transplantation. • Potential uses of cloning: – A routine part of agriculture – Could generate herds of identical animals with ...
... • Cloning is the creation of an organism that is genetically identical to one that already exists. • In mammals, cloning is done through the process of nuclear transplantation. • Potential uses of cloning: – A routine part of agriculture – Could generate herds of identical animals with ...
Multiple Alleles
... Multiple alleles, autosomes & sex chromosomes, codominance, & sex linkage P 563 and 566 Mendelian Genetics Problems 1. Monohybrid Cross The presence of freckles on human skin is a dominant trait controlled by a single gene pair. (a) What is/are the possible genotype(s) of an individual with freckles ...
... Multiple alleles, autosomes & sex chromosomes, codominance, & sex linkage P 563 and 566 Mendelian Genetics Problems 1. Monohybrid Cross The presence of freckles on human skin is a dominant trait controlled by a single gene pair. (a) What is/are the possible genotype(s) of an individual with freckles ...
Gregor Mendel
... Dominant gene located on 1 of the autosomes (all chromosomes except sex chromosomes) Usually rare, Individual may not live to produce offspring Affected individuals have to carry only 1 dominant gene (can be heterozygous or homozygous) Passed onto both males and females Every person affect ...
... Dominant gene located on 1 of the autosomes (all chromosomes except sex chromosomes) Usually rare, Individual may not live to produce offspring Affected individuals have to carry only 1 dominant gene (can be heterozygous or homozygous) Passed onto both males and females Every person affect ...
Genetics Notes
... Inherited traits are transmitted by genes which occur in alternate forms called alleles 1. Principle of Dominance - when 2 forms of the same gene are present the dominant allele is expressed 2. Principle of Segregation - in meiosis two alleles separate so that each gamete receives only one form of t ...
... Inherited traits are transmitted by genes which occur in alternate forms called alleles 1. Principle of Dominance - when 2 forms of the same gene are present the dominant allele is expressed 2. Principle of Segregation - in meiosis two alleles separate so that each gamete receives only one form of t ...
genetics and human development
... GENETICS Genetics - the study of inheritance Human characteristics regulated by genes Chromosomes and Genes - each cell of an individual contains 46 chromosomes except mature RBC’s, ovum and sperm cells Homologous pairs ...
... GENETICS Genetics - the study of inheritance Human characteristics regulated by genes Chromosomes and Genes - each cell of an individual contains 46 chromosomes except mature RBC’s, ovum and sperm cells Homologous pairs ...
Section 1: Mutation and Genetic Change Preview • Bellringer • Key
... A deletion occurs when a piece of a chromosome is lost. At the end of meiosis, one of the cells will lack the genes from that missing piece. Such deletions are usually harmful. A duplication occurs when a piece remains attached to its homologous chromosome after meiosis. One chromosome will then car ...
... A deletion occurs when a piece of a chromosome is lost. At the end of meiosis, one of the cells will lack the genes from that missing piece. Such deletions are usually harmful. A duplication occurs when a piece remains attached to its homologous chromosome after meiosis. One chromosome will then car ...
Sex reversal: deletion mapping the male
... mosomes of a normal female. "XY females" are sterile but otherwise phenotypically female individuals whose karyotype is 46,XY. They have "streak" ovaries devoid of follicles and no testicular tissue. The internal accessory structures are female. Secondary sexual characteristics are female but variab ...
... mosomes of a normal female. "XY females" are sterile but otherwise phenotypically female individuals whose karyotype is 46,XY. They have "streak" ovaries devoid of follicles and no testicular tissue. The internal accessory structures are female. Secondary sexual characteristics are female but variab ...
Regions of XY homology in the pig X pseudoautosomal region
... the Y noted that the long arm (Yq) contains a large C band, indicating that this arm contains a substantial proportion of constitutive heterochromatin [3,10]. Subsequent physical mapping of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones containing Y chromosome content by fluorescence in-situ hybridisa ...
... the Y noted that the long arm (Yq) contains a large C band, indicating that this arm contains a substantial proportion of constitutive heterochromatin [3,10]. Subsequent physical mapping of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones containing Y chromosome content by fluorescence in-situ hybridisa ...
(a) (b)
... Behavior of a Chromosome Pair • In one experiment, Morgan mated male flies with white eyes (mutant) with female flies with red eyes (wild type) – The F1 generation all had red eyes – The F2 generation showed the 3:1 red:white ...
... Behavior of a Chromosome Pair • In one experiment, Morgan mated male flies with white eyes (mutant) with female flies with red eyes (wild type) – The F1 generation all had red eyes – The F2 generation showed the 3:1 red:white ...
Effective transfer of chromosomes carrying leaf rust resistance
... by the function of the Ph1 gene (Riley and Chapman 1958), located on chromosome 5B(5BL), and the Ph2 gene on chromosome 3DS and 3AS (Mello-Sampayo 1971). The Chinese Spring ph1b (CSph1b) mutant genotype (Sears 1977), which lacks the Ph1 locus, has been successfully used for the introgression of alie ...
... by the function of the Ph1 gene (Riley and Chapman 1958), located on chromosome 5B(5BL), and the Ph2 gene on chromosome 3DS and 3AS (Mello-Sampayo 1971). The Chinese Spring ph1b (CSph1b) mutant genotype (Sears 1977), which lacks the Ph1 locus, has been successfully used for the introgression of alie ...
Schedule of Lecture and Laboratory Sessions
... 23. Relate fertilization of egg by sperm with number of chromosomes in diploid organisms 24. Distinguish between autosomes and sex chromosomes 25. Compare sex determination systems for various animals including Drosophila and temperature determination in (some) reptiles. 26. Investigate sex determin ...
... 23. Relate fertilization of egg by sperm with number of chromosomes in diploid organisms 24. Distinguish between autosomes and sex chromosomes 25. Compare sex determination systems for various animals including Drosophila and temperature determination in (some) reptiles. 26. Investigate sex determin ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.