DIFFERENTIAL GENE RESPONSE TO MUTAGENS IN
... nature of both mutagen and gene locus. The evidence for this selective mutagenicity became abundantly clear with the introduction of microorganisms (bacteria and the lower fungi) in the study of mutagenesis. The ease with which large populations of these organisms can be cultured, treated, and subse ...
... nature of both mutagen and gene locus. The evidence for this selective mutagenicity became abundantly clear with the introduction of microorganisms (bacteria and the lower fungi) in the study of mutagenesis. The ease with which large populations of these organisms can be cultured, treated, and subse ...
Feline Genetics: a Combinatorial Approach
... minor effect which piles up with the others, yielding a more gradual combined result than a unique gene could account for. Sometimes we shall present two alternative mathematical models to explain the same effect. If the two models give the same effect in all cases, they are mathematically equivalen ...
... minor effect which piles up with the others, yielding a more gradual combined result than a unique gene could account for. Sometimes we shall present two alternative mathematical models to explain the same effect. If the two models give the same effect in all cases, they are mathematically equivalen ...
The development of apical embryonic pattern in Arabidopsis
... must derive from the EPR. In agreement with this, the bases of of embryogenesis, expression has spread and is found in a the cotyledons meet along a region that is three to four cells in continuous band between the presumptive cotyledons (Fig. diameter in the wild-type – approximately the same numbe ...
... must derive from the EPR. In agreement with this, the bases of of embryogenesis, expression has spread and is found in a the cotyledons meet along a region that is three to four cells in continuous band between the presumptive cotyledons (Fig. diameter in the wild-type – approximately the same numbe ...
Full Text
... blot analysis revealed that the number of double heterozygous weanlings was significantly reduced below the number expected based on the additive effects predicted from the observed losses due to heterozygosity at the individual loci (Table 1). Incompletely penetrant heterozygous defects have been r ...
... blot analysis revealed that the number of double heterozygous weanlings was significantly reduced below the number expected based on the additive effects predicted from the observed losses due to heterozygosity at the individual loci (Table 1). Incompletely penetrant heterozygous defects have been r ...
1. Soybeans are rich in protein. Raw soybeans, however, may
... Hares are small mammals similar to rabbits. The diagram shows how some of the hares found in southern Africa are classified. ...
... Hares are small mammals similar to rabbits. The diagram shows how some of the hares found in southern Africa are classified. ...
Epigenetic inheritance of acquired traits through sperm RNAs and
... Acquisitive sperm — information flow The production of functional sperm begins with spermatogenesis in the testis, which is followed by matur ation in the epididymis; each stage involves complex Box 2 | Transvection and paramutation in mice Transvection occurs during chromosome pairing such as dur ...
... Acquisitive sperm — information flow The production of functional sperm begins with spermatogenesis in the testis, which is followed by matur ation in the epididymis; each stage involves complex Box 2 | Transvection and paramutation in mice Transvection occurs during chromosome pairing such as dur ...
Pleiotropic effects of the mouse lethal yellow (Ay) mutation
... A 1.0 kb BamHI-EcoRI genomic fragment that contains exon 1Ay was subcloned from P1-62 and is described below as the ‘exon 1Ay probe’. A 1.3 kb XbaI-BamHI genomic fragment that contains exon 1A was subcloned from P1-75 and is described below as the ‘exon 1A probe’. A 1.3 kb XbaI-BamHI fragment subclo ...
... A 1.0 kb BamHI-EcoRI genomic fragment that contains exon 1Ay was subcloned from P1-62 and is described below as the ‘exon 1Ay probe’. A 1.3 kb XbaI-BamHI genomic fragment that contains exon 1A was subcloned from P1-75 and is described below as the ‘exon 1A probe’. A 1.3 kb XbaI-BamHI fragment subclo ...
Basic Principles of Heredity
... version of a gene; we will use the term gene to refer more generally to any allele at a locus. The genotype is the set of alleles that an individual organism possesses. A diploid organism that possesses two identical alleles is homozygous for that locus. One that possesses two different alleles is h ...
... version of a gene; we will use the term gene to refer more generally to any allele at a locus. The genotype is the set of alleles that an individual organism possesses. A diploid organism that possesses two identical alleles is homozygous for that locus. One that possesses two different alleles is h ...
III. Linkage
... - Crossing over events increase as the distance between genes increases - So, the frequency of crossing over (‘CO’) gametes can be used as an index of distance between genes! (Thus, genes can be ‘mapped’ through crosses…) - How can we measure the frequency of recombinant (‘cross-over’) gametes? Is t ...
... - Crossing over events increase as the distance between genes increases - So, the frequency of crossing over (‘CO’) gametes can be used as an index of distance between genes! (Thus, genes can be ‘mapped’ through crosses…) - How can we measure the frequency of recombinant (‘cross-over’) gametes? Is t ...
Effete, a Drosophila chromatin-associated ubiquitin
... DNA replication and shield chromosome ends from inappropriate DNA repair, which might result in end-to-end fusion (Palm and De Lange 2008; Jain and Cooper 2010; Raffa et al. 2011). In most organisms, telomeres terminate with tandemly repeated of G-rich sequences, which are added to chromosome ends b ...
... DNA replication and shield chromosome ends from inappropriate DNA repair, which might result in end-to-end fusion (Palm and De Lange 2008; Jain and Cooper 2010; Raffa et al. 2011). In most organisms, telomeres terminate with tandemly repeated of G-rich sequences, which are added to chromosome ends b ...
An Introduction to RNA Interference (RNAi)
... numerous times to specifically silence genes with the expected biological outcome not only in cultured cells ex vivo, but also in animal models of human disease. In fact, RNAi is already being widely exploited by drug developers for drug target validation purposes. It is therefore not surprising tha ...
... numerous times to specifically silence genes with the expected biological outcome not only in cultured cells ex vivo, but also in animal models of human disease. In fact, RNAi is already being widely exploited by drug developers for drug target validation purposes. It is therefore not surprising tha ...
Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy - Muscular Dystrophy Foundation of
... may be difficult to distinguish from the manifesting carrier state, though the mode of inheritance is completely different. Either sex may be affected, and creatine kinase levels are very high. The progression of the muscle weakness may be fast but is usually somewhat milder than DMD. Muscle biopsy ...
... may be difficult to distinguish from the manifesting carrier state, though the mode of inheritance is completely different. Either sex may be affected, and creatine kinase levels are very high. The progression of the muscle weakness may be fast but is usually somewhat milder than DMD. Muscle biopsy ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... Flavonoids in root exudate of leguminous plants activate the transcription of Rhizobium genes involved in the formation of root nodules (nod genes). We report that inoculation with the homologous symbiont R. kguminosarum bv. viciae results in an increased nod gene-inducing activity (Ini) in root exu ...
... Flavonoids in root exudate of leguminous plants activate the transcription of Rhizobium genes involved in the formation of root nodules (nod genes). We report that inoculation with the homologous symbiont R. kguminosarum bv. viciae results in an increased nod gene-inducing activity (Ini) in root exu ...
Human Inheritance Lab
... 1) If a man does not have Hitchhiker’s thumb, what are the two possible genotypes? 2) If a man is homozygous for Hitchhiker’s thumb and marries a woman with homozygous dominant alleles, what is the probability of them having children with Hitchhiker’s thumb? 4) Is anyone dominant for every trait? Is ...
... 1) If a man does not have Hitchhiker’s thumb, what are the two possible genotypes? 2) If a man is homozygous for Hitchhiker’s thumb and marries a woman with homozygous dominant alleles, what is the probability of them having children with Hitchhiker’s thumb? 4) Is anyone dominant for every trait? Is ...
Revisiting the Impact of Inversions in Evolution
... Genomic comparisons across species may assist in identifying inversion polymorphisms within species. In a comparison of human and chimpanzee genomes, 66 inversions more than 25 kb in length were detected, often flanked by duplications of DNA segments (Feuk et al. 2005). Three out of 23 regions were s ...
... Genomic comparisons across species may assist in identifying inversion polymorphisms within species. In a comparison of human and chimpanzee genomes, 66 inversions more than 25 kb in length were detected, often flanked by duplications of DNA segments (Feuk et al. 2005). Three out of 23 regions were s ...
ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN6 Regulates Female Meiosis By
... the SWR1 ATPase, enhance complex function (Mizuguchi et al., 2004). Homologs of all yeast and 11 human SWR1 subunits have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana (March-Díaz and Reyes, 2009; Meagher et al., 2009), indicating that Arabidopsis has the SWR1 complex. Additionally, H2A.Z deposition at man ...
... the SWR1 ATPase, enhance complex function (Mizuguchi et al., 2004). Homologs of all yeast and 11 human SWR1 subunits have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana (March-Díaz and Reyes, 2009; Meagher et al., 2009), indicating that Arabidopsis has the SWR1 complex. Additionally, H2A.Z deposition at man ...
Opsin genes, cone photopigments, color vision, and color blindness
... 40 million years ago (Nathans, 1987; Yokoyama & Yokoyama, 1989; Yokoyama, Starmer, & Yokoyama, 1993), as a result of the duplication of the ancestral opsin gene on the X-chromosome. The event copied the transcription unit, but not the locus control region (see the following section). According to on ...
... 40 million years ago (Nathans, 1987; Yokoyama & Yokoyama, 1989; Yokoyama, Starmer, & Yokoyama, 1993), as a result of the duplication of the ancestral opsin gene on the X-chromosome. The event copied the transcription unit, but not the locus control region (see the following section). According to on ...
BMC Developmental Biology
... the caudal halves of somites of the developing embryo is required for the formation of epithelial somites and for the maintenance of caudal somite identity, respectively. The rostro-caudal polarity of somites is initiated early on within the presomitic mesoderm in nascent somites. Here we have inves ...
... the caudal halves of somites of the developing embryo is required for the formation of epithelial somites and for the maintenance of caudal somite identity, respectively. The rostro-caudal polarity of somites is initiated early on within the presomitic mesoderm in nascent somites. Here we have inves ...
Feline Genetics: a Combinatorial Approach - MTMK-ICF
... effect which piles up with the others, yielding a more gradual combined result than a unique gene could account for. Sometimes we shall present two alternative mathematical models to explain the same effect. If the two models give the same effect in all cases, they are mathematically equivalent, alt ...
... effect which piles up with the others, yielding a more gradual combined result than a unique gene could account for. Sometimes we shall present two alternative mathematical models to explain the same effect. If the two models give the same effect in all cases, they are mathematically equivalent, alt ...
Testing the ABC floral-organ identity model: expression of
... Neither AP3 nor PI are expressed past stage 4 in either Ap3 or Pi lossof-function mutants. Expression of PI throughout the flower leads to expression and function of AP3 in whorls 1+2+3 and expression of AP3 throughout the flower leads to expression and function of PI in whorls 2+3+4. ...
... Neither AP3 nor PI are expressed past stage 4 in either Ap3 or Pi lossof-function mutants. Expression of PI throughout the flower leads to expression and function of AP3 in whorls 1+2+3 and expression of AP3 throughout the flower leads to expression and function of PI in whorls 2+3+4. ...
Genetic characterizations of three male-steriles in wheat, Triticum aestivum L.
... complex inheritance. The male-sterile expression in Siete Cerros may be due to aneuploidy or gamete lethality. The major factor controlling male-sterility in Chancellor confirmed the results of Driscoll (10) as being associated with chromosome 4A. Five additional chromosomes may also be involved. ...
... complex inheritance. The male-sterile expression in Siete Cerros may be due to aneuploidy or gamete lethality. The major factor controlling male-sterility in Chancellor confirmed the results of Driscoll (10) as being associated with chromosome 4A. Five additional chromosomes may also be involved. ...
Gene Therapy and Transgenic Animals
... the minimum ribozyme structure into and plasmids introduction 1. Identification Ribozyme-coding has been incorporated and of chemical modifications that retain ribozyme activity and administered, in effect ribozyme gene therapy. enhancing stability to nucleases. ...
... the minimum ribozyme structure into and plasmids introduction 1. Identification Ribozyme-coding has been incorporated and of chemical modifications that retain ribozyme activity and administered, in effect ribozyme gene therapy. enhancing stability to nucleases. ...
Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural
... expressed in the vertebrate hindbrain and these Hox genes exhibit dynamic patterns of expression during hindbrain development (Fig. 1)[51]. Hoxa1 and Hoxb1 are initially expressed in the neural tube up to the presumptive r3/4 boundaries, but as Hoxa1 expression regresses, Hoxb1 expression becomes co ...
... expressed in the vertebrate hindbrain and these Hox genes exhibit dynamic patterns of expression during hindbrain development (Fig. 1)[51]. Hoxa1 and Hoxb1 are initially expressed in the neural tube up to the presumptive r3/4 boundaries, but as Hoxa1 expression regresses, Hoxb1 expression becomes co ...
X-inactivation
X-inactivation (also called lyonization) is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated. The inactive X chromosome is silenced by its being packaged in such a way that it has a transcriptionally inactive structure called heterochromatin. As nearly all female mammals have two X chromosomes, X-inactivation prevents them from having twice as many X chromosome gene products as males, who only possess a single copy of the X chromosome (see dosage compensation). The choice of which X chromosome will be inactivated is random in placental mammals such as humans, but once an X chromosome is inactivated it will remain inactive throughout the lifetime of the cell and its descendants in the organism. Unlike the random X-inactivation in placental mammals, inactivation in marsupials applies exclusively to the paternally derived X chromosome.