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20th Century
20th Century

... • WHOLE TONE SCALE the intervals between each of the notes is a tone, whereas in major and minor scales the intervals are a mixture of tones and semitones ...
12-tone technique
12-tone technique

... unity (‘the basic set functions in the manner of a motive’2), and that octave doublings and the overemphasis of any particular pitch class be avoided to minimize the “danger” of interpreting such tones as roots or tonics. In 12-tone technique (a.k.a. dodecaphony; “classic” serialism), the 12 differe ...
Indonesian Music - The International School of Penang
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Music Vocabulary Master List
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Mathematical Harmonies Write-up
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... temperament in the key of C. Then the harmonics line up perfectly in the key of C, but not in any other key. For example, in the key of D the first ratio is 1.111, but it needs to be 1.125. With just temperament, your flute is only good in one key! Just temperament instruments were the standard unti ...
Introduction - Dartmouth Math Home
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... comma among the white keys on the piano to make perfect fourths and fifths. Francesco Antonio Vallotti created a well-tempered scale that used F as a tonic. He tempered the first six fifths in the circle by 1/6 of the Pythagorean comma and left the rest as they were. Shrinking the interval of the fi ...
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... So we’ve determined the importance of harmonics in sound, but we haven’t yet discussed their origins in the harmonic series. The harmonic series is the series of tones created by multiplying a fundamental frequency by integers. This can be done based on any fundamental frequency, and each will resul ...
The Classical Indian Just Intonation Tuning System
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... this is a compound interval or a note in the tara sthayi. By subtracting from this 1200 the total number of cents for an octave, we get 204 which is the value of the note in the madhya stayi. This is the chatussruti rishabha. By adding 702 to it, we get 906 cents which is the frequency of the chatus ...
Towards the Digital Music Library: Tune Retrieval from Acoustic Input
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... contour, and matches the contour against a database of 183 songs. Ranked retrieval is performed, based on an approximate string matching algorithm that allows for transposition, dropout, and duplication. It was found that most of the songs could be identified uniquely when the pitch contour was base ...
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... For my final project I wanted to explore dissonance in chords, and more specifically I wanted to explore ways in which to resolve this dissonance. I experimented with a piano, and worked mainly with tritons as my dissonant interval, though I did inquire into other dissonance models when it sparked m ...
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... This use of consecutive changes of tempo is of course no new thing; it is the mathematical ratio between tempi that has not been systematized. It can be observed in current practice that when the relations between successive tempi do not follow a simple ratio, but are accidental and arbitrary, the r ...
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Notes - Andre Mount

... or IV (V or VII of V). Voice exchange between augmented 6th and diminished or half-diminished 7th applied to V is also possible.” (point for review) o A6 chords can appear in different contexts  They can start a piece without any prep (rare and never before Beeth) o Usually prepared by a IV chord ( ...
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... Pitch Our ears don’t judge distance in the same way that we measure frequency. For example, we hear the distance between any two notes an octave apart as the same—so we hear the distance from 110 Hz to 220 Hz as being the same as the distance from 440 Hz to 880 Hz. Therefore, we use the system of pi ...
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... Eight sketches: duet for one pianist This is probably the first piano "duet" for a single pianist: in addition to the pianist's part, a second part is played on the same piano - an acoustic piano, with keys, strings and hammers by a computer which follows the pianist's performance. This requires a s ...
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The early development of music. Analysis of the Jiahu bone flutes
The early development of music. Analysis of the Jiahu bone flutes

... This is a complete pentatonic scale with two notes repeating at the octave. It is worth noting that not all the notes repeat in the pentatonic scale, but there is a selective repetition of 1 and 3. These two notes must have been particularly important in the tonal system of the Jiahu music of this p ...
M100: Music Appreciation Discussion Group Tuesday January 29
M100: Music Appreciation Discussion Group Tuesday January 29

... • Sometimes, the difference between them can be difficult to notice. Other times, the music is clearly in one meter or the other. • Not all music is in a regular meter. • Music doesn’t have to stay in one meter throughout. ...
1st 9 weeks
1st 9 weeks

... P ~ I can use teacher-provided criteria to evaluate a personal performance in order to make improvements. A ~ I can evaluate a personal performance and independently develop a practice or rehearsal strategy to facilitate self-improvement. N ~ I can discover the historical background of the music bei ...
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3 special topics

... • note = Note(pitch, duration, volume, panning) • Note the 4 parameters – Pitch = name of note with octave number, e.g. C4, D5; or a number 0-127 where middle C = 60. – Duration = number of quarter-note beats, or a given name e.g. QN, HN, WH; precede with D to dot a note. – Volume = number 0-127. Fo ...
PDF text - Music Theory Online
PDF text - Music Theory Online

... stream contains a faster rhythm than the other, but they cannot hear the galloping rhythm. The words “over time” are in Bregman’s definition of ASA are key. Consecutive tones in a series are more likely to split into separate streams if they move in a faster tempo. Thus, if Sound 2a is slowed down, ...
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Microtonal music



Microtonal music or microtonality is the use in music of microtones—intervals smaller than a semitone, which are also called ""microintervals"". It may also be extended to include any music using intervals not found in the customary Western tuning of twelve equal intervals per octave.
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