mennonite college of nursing
... most common pathological murmur loudest at apex sound radiates to left axillary area blood falls back into ventricle Listen while patient squeezes your two fingers -- this causes Valsalva - murmur increases during Valsalva (90% of the time this is diagnostic) Bad mitral regurgitation pat ...
... most common pathological murmur loudest at apex sound radiates to left axillary area blood falls back into ventricle Listen while patient squeezes your two fingers -- this causes Valsalva - murmur increases during Valsalva (90% of the time this is diagnostic) Bad mitral regurgitation pat ...
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Aortic Valve Stenosis
... patients the primary problem is the valvular disease and the LV dysfunction is secondary and is due to the increased afterload (inadequate compensatory LV hypertrophy: afterload mismatch11), so that replacement of the AV will lead to an improvement in LV performance. In the remaining patients the LV ...
... patients the primary problem is the valvular disease and the LV dysfunction is secondary and is due to the increased afterload (inadequate compensatory LV hypertrophy: afterload mismatch11), so that replacement of the AV will lead to an improvement in LV performance. In the remaining patients the LV ...
Mitral Valve Vegetation
... Endocarditis is a cause of vegetations on the heart valves. Endocarditis is exudative and proliferative inflammatory alterations of the endocardium, characterized by the presence of vegetations on the surface of the endocardium or in the endocardium itself, and most commonly involving a heart valve, ...
... Endocarditis is a cause of vegetations on the heart valves. Endocarditis is exudative and proliferative inflammatory alterations of the endocardium, characterized by the presence of vegetations on the surface of the endocardium or in the endocardium itself, and most commonly involving a heart valve, ...
VT 106
... pulmonary trunk / pulmonary arteries left atrium pulmonary veins left atrioventricular (AV) valve / bicuspid valve / mitral valve chordae tendineae left ventricle trabeculae papillary muscles aortic [semilunar] valve interventricular septum ...
... pulmonary trunk / pulmonary arteries left atrium pulmonary veins left atrioventricular (AV) valve / bicuspid valve / mitral valve chordae tendineae left ventricle trabeculae papillary muscles aortic [semilunar] valve interventricular septum ...
Understanding Pulmonic Stenosis
... heart. Echocardiography also allows for assessment of the severity of the stenosis. Are there surgical options for PS? Pulmonic stenosis is a defect that can generally be improved surgically. Surgery is usually recommended for dogs with severe pulmonic stenosis whether or not they are symptomatic at ...
... heart. Echocardiography also allows for assessment of the severity of the stenosis. Are there surgical options for PS? Pulmonic stenosis is a defect that can generally be improved surgically. Surgery is usually recommended for dogs with severe pulmonic stenosis whether or not they are symptomatic at ...
Successful simultaneous ipsilateral stenting of common iliac artery
... and palpitations. Her medical history included type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration rate: 40.9 mL/min). Echocardiography revealed severe AS (mean gradient: 51 mmHg; aortic valve area: 0.67 cm²) and normal left ventricular function (ejection fractio ...
... and palpitations. Her medical history included type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration rate: 40.9 mL/min). Echocardiography revealed severe AS (mean gradient: 51 mmHg; aortic valve area: 0.67 cm²) and normal left ventricular function (ejection fractio ...
AnatIICaseStudy1
... Tachycardia: the tachycardia would most likely be caused by the atrial fibrillation. The intrinsic conduction system is being thrown off, meaning the pacemaker (SA node) is not able to regulate the pace at which the heart is beating. Light headedness: Would likely be caused by insufficient blood cir ...
... Tachycardia: the tachycardia would most likely be caused by the atrial fibrillation. The intrinsic conduction system is being thrown off, meaning the pacemaker (SA node) is not able to regulate the pace at which the heart is beating. Light headedness: Would likely be caused by insufficient blood cir ...
Online Appendix for the following JACC article
... Elevated cardiac biomarkers (preferably CK-MB) within 72 h after the index procedure, consisting of two or more post-procedure samples that are >0.6 to 8 h apart with a 20% increase in the second sample and a peak value exceeding 10x the 99th percentile URL, or a peak value exceeding 5x the 99th per ...
... Elevated cardiac biomarkers (preferably CK-MB) within 72 h after the index procedure, consisting of two or more post-procedure samples that are >0.6 to 8 h apart with a 20% increase in the second sample and a peak value exceeding 10x the 99th percentile URL, or a peak value exceeding 5x the 99th per ...
Chapter 7- Cardiovascular System
... a. patient is supine breathing through open mouth. apply firm pressure over the liver for 20-30 seconds. b. Normal response in increased JVP distention < 1cm and returns to normal level with in 2 cardiac cycles. c. Abnormal > 1cm and remains elevated. Abnormal pulsations and sounds, where you hear i ...
... a. patient is supine breathing through open mouth. apply firm pressure over the liver for 20-30 seconds. b. Normal response in increased JVP distention < 1cm and returns to normal level with in 2 cardiac cycles. c. Abnormal > 1cm and remains elevated. Abnormal pulsations and sounds, where you hear i ...
Curriculum based assessment tool for basic training in
... Coronary anatomy and correlation with 2D views of left ventricle. Segmentation of the left ventricle Wall motion Measurements of global systolic function. (LVOT VTI, stroke volume, fractional shortening Doppler mitral valve filling patterns & normal range Appearance of complications afte ...
... Coronary anatomy and correlation with 2D views of left ventricle. Segmentation of the left ventricle Wall motion Measurements of global systolic function. (LVOT VTI, stroke volume, fractional shortening Doppler mitral valve filling patterns & normal range Appearance of complications afte ...
Rheumatic heart disease
... thickening, and valve regurgitation. Valvular stenosis is rarely seen. Involvement of the mitral valve is most frequently encountered. Valve disease for most patients is mild and asymptomatic, but patients in whom severe mitral regurgitation develops will present with symptoms of congestive heart fa ...
... thickening, and valve regurgitation. Valvular stenosis is rarely seen. Involvement of the mitral valve is most frequently encountered. Valve disease for most patients is mild and asymptomatic, but patients in whom severe mitral regurgitation develops will present with symptoms of congestive heart fa ...
Congenital heart disease
... • -A large leh–right shunt of blood is apparent usually through a VSD, ASD or PDA, which is still patent. • -This results in an increase in the pulmonary blood flow, which over time leads to fibrosis and the development of pulmonary hypertension and cyanosis . When the rightsided heart pressures excee ...
... • -A large leh–right shunt of blood is apparent usually through a VSD, ASD or PDA, which is still patent. • -This results in an increase in the pulmonary blood flow, which over time leads to fibrosis and the development of pulmonary hypertension and cyanosis . When the rightsided heart pressures excee ...
Rheumatic Heart Disease
... Valve deformities, blockage of blood vessels by blood clots, cardiac hemolytic anemia, and atrial arrhythmias are the most common cardiac manifestations of chronic rheumatic heart disease (CRHD). Mitral stenosis occurs in 25% of patients with CRHD and is associated with mitral valve insufficiency in ...
... Valve deformities, blockage of blood vessels by blood clots, cardiac hemolytic anemia, and atrial arrhythmias are the most common cardiac manifestations of chronic rheumatic heart disease (CRHD). Mitral stenosis occurs in 25% of patients with CRHD and is associated with mitral valve insufficiency in ...
Heart sounds, blood pressure and the cardiac cycle
... small and usually not visible. During ventricular systole, the TV remains closed so pressure in the RV is not reflected into the RA. However, during this time, the RA is filling from venous inflow and this causes a slow gradual rise in RA pressure, the v wave. The venous wave pattern in the jugular ...
... small and usually not visible. During ventricular systole, the TV remains closed so pressure in the RV is not reflected into the RA. However, during this time, the RA is filling from venous inflow and this causes a slow gradual rise in RA pressure, the v wave. The venous wave pattern in the jugular ...
Critical Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Study
... Assemble a multi-institutional inception cohort of infants with critical LVOTO undergoing all currently available treatment strategies Identify risk factors that are predictive of late outcomes Determine the value of emerging management strategies Assess late outcomes by functional assessment, quali ...
... Assemble a multi-institutional inception cohort of infants with critical LVOTO undergoing all currently available treatment strategies Identify risk factors that are predictive of late outcomes Determine the value of emerging management strategies Assess late outcomes by functional assessment, quali ...
New Concepts in Surgical LV Rehabilitation
... • LV salvage is possible after single ventricle palliation • This strategy requires multiple operations and interventions • Left sided structures grow over time • Growth may be associated with ASD restriction • Results of Biventricular repair are acceptable at short term follow-up ...
... • LV salvage is possible after single ventricle palliation • This strategy requires multiple operations and interventions • Left sided structures grow over time • Growth may be associated with ASD restriction • Results of Biventricular repair are acceptable at short term follow-up ...
TAVI: Catheter-based Aortic Valve Replacement
... syncope or congestive heart failure, median survival is limited to 2-3 years, typically with rapidly deteriorating exercise tolerance and quality of life prior to death. No medical therapy prolongs survival or progression of symptoms. Surgical aortic valve replacement is the only effective treatment ...
... syncope or congestive heart failure, median survival is limited to 2-3 years, typically with rapidly deteriorating exercise tolerance and quality of life prior to death. No medical therapy prolongs survival or progression of symptoms. Surgical aortic valve replacement is the only effective treatment ...
Vocab List
... really the tricuspid valve, and the strings were chordae tendinae. He was forced down so violently, he was thrust into what he thought was a punching bag. It turned out to be a mound of muscle, or papillary muscle. It’s a good thing, he thought, that he was a tough, flexible fella, ‘cause otherwise, ...
... really the tricuspid valve, and the strings were chordae tendinae. He was forced down so violently, he was thrust into what he thought was a punching bag. It turned out to be a mound of muscle, or papillary muscle. It’s a good thing, he thought, that he was a tough, flexible fella, ‘cause otherwise, ...
100 faces of hypertrophy
... tracking, provides more sensitive markers of early myocardial dysfunction compared with standard echocardiography. ...
... tracking, provides more sensitive markers of early myocardial dysfunction compared with standard echocardiography. ...
Cardiology Notes
... disorientation of myosin fibres. 40% of patients carry mutations of cardiac beta Myosin heavy chain on chromosome 14. Maneouvres which decrease venous return will increase the intensity of the murmur (valsalva – baroreceptor mediated fall in cardiac output, standing, nitrates). Maneouvres which incr ...
... disorientation of myosin fibres. 40% of patients carry mutations of cardiac beta Myosin heavy chain on chromosome 14. Maneouvres which decrease venous return will increase the intensity of the murmur (valsalva – baroreceptor mediated fall in cardiac output, standing, nitrates). Maneouvres which incr ...
day 7 how the heart works
... Impulse travels down bundle branches & Purkinje fibres Ventricles contract! ...
... Impulse travels down bundle branches & Purkinje fibres Ventricles contract! ...
1997a(8): List the determinants of coronary arterial blood flow
... - Different for left and right sides of the heart o Left coronary aa supplies left heart & septum → high intraventricular pressures (1° determinant of CorPP) Most flow occurs during diastole Flow is rate dependent → i.e. ↑HR → ↓diastolic time → ↓CorBF o Right coronary artery supplies right side ...
... - Different for left and right sides of the heart o Left coronary aa supplies left heart & septum → high intraventricular pressures (1° determinant of CorPP) Most flow occurs during diastole Flow is rate dependent → i.e. ↑HR → ↓diastolic time → ↓CorBF o Right coronary artery supplies right side ...
Heart valve disease in general practice:
... gradient may still be clinically significant if the left ventricular ejection fraction is low. Therefore, in aortic stenosis the effective orifice area may be more reliable than the gradient because it is relatively independent of flow. Surgery may also be considered for aortic dilatation.2 followin ...
... gradient may still be clinically significant if the left ventricular ejection fraction is low. Therefore, in aortic stenosis the effective orifice area may be more reliable than the gradient because it is relatively independent of flow. Surgery may also be considered for aortic dilatation.2 followin ...
the chemokine receptor cxcr7 functions in endocardial
... analysis of Cxcr7 knockout hearts at different developmental stages revealed that the aortic and pulmonary valves were thickened during late valve remodeling. This was due to unchecked proliferation of cushion mesenchymal cells as revealed by phospho-histone H3 staining. Increased proliferation was ...
... analysis of Cxcr7 knockout hearts at different developmental stages revealed that the aortic and pulmonary valves were thickened during late valve remodeling. This was due to unchecked proliferation of cushion mesenchymal cells as revealed by phospho-histone H3 staining. Increased proliferation was ...
Pediatric Cardiac Emergencies
... – long QT defined as corrected QT longer than 0.44 s – T wave alternans sometimes present – can have normal ECG in the department – two clinical syndromes not associated with structural heart disease: Romano-Ward and Jervell-LangeNielsen ...
... – long QT defined as corrected QT longer than 0.44 s – T wave alternans sometimes present – can have normal ECG in the department – two clinical syndromes not associated with structural heart disease: Romano-Ward and Jervell-LangeNielsen ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.