YR 2 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CARDIOVASCULAR UNIT I
... posterior descending coronary artery arises from the right coronary artery. On additional sectioning, you find that the right coronary artery contains diffuse atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and you find a thrombotic occlusion in the proximal portion of the artery. ...
... posterior descending coronary artery arises from the right coronary artery. On additional sectioning, you find that the right coronary artery contains diffuse atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and you find a thrombotic occlusion in the proximal portion of the artery. ...
cyanotic congenital heart disease - MEDICINE hack
... Abnormal coronary artery – 5%. Ant. decending branch from right coronary artery. ...
... Abnormal coronary artery – 5%. Ant. decending branch from right coronary artery. ...
Cardiovascular Assessment
... -At LMCL and fifth ICS in children > 7 yrs. old • Point of maximum intensity (PMI)- area of most intense pulsation [Ai and PMI not used interchangeably but they are at the same place] • Thrills- palpable vibrations best felt with ...
... -At LMCL and fifth ICS in children > 7 yrs. old • Point of maximum intensity (PMI)- area of most intense pulsation [Ai and PMI not used interchangeably but they are at the same place] • Thrills- palpable vibrations best felt with ...
Cardiovascular System-Sheep Heart Dissection
... atria and ventricles, while the pulmonary valve prevents reflux between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery and the aortic valve between the left ventricle and aorta. The human heart displays the four-chambered structure which is typical of birds and mammals, and serves to effectively separate ...
... atria and ventricles, while the pulmonary valve prevents reflux between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery and the aortic valve between the left ventricle and aorta. The human heart displays the four-chambered structure which is typical of birds and mammals, and serves to effectively separate ...
combined mitral and aortic stenosis - Heart
... studies, carried out usually by the trans-septal route, the pressure gradient across each valve must be measured and determinations of the cardiac output must be made. Measurements of both pressure and flow are imperative because the proximal limitation of flow imposed by obstruction at the mitral v ...
... studies, carried out usually by the trans-septal route, the pressure gradient across each valve must be measured and determinations of the cardiac output must be made. Measurements of both pressure and flow are imperative because the proximal limitation of flow imposed by obstruction at the mitral v ...
A Technique for Aortic Valve Replacement on the Beating Heart
... that retrograde return of blood to coronary orifices did not impair the operative view during our surgery. It was important to have a vent in the left ventricle taking the blood coming from the ostia away. The aorta was cross-clamped between 25 and 48 minutes, with the total bypass time of 32 and 55 ...
... that retrograde return of blood to coronary orifices did not impair the operative view during our surgery. It was important to have a vent in the left ventricle taking the blood coming from the ostia away. The aorta was cross-clamped between 25 and 48 minutes, with the total bypass time of 32 and 55 ...
Normal Heart - Children`s Heart Clinic
... Left atrium: Thin-walled, low pressure chamber. The pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. Left ventricle: Thick-walled, muscular chamber responsible for pumping oxygenated blood out to the body. Aorta: Largest blood vessel; responsible for carrying oxygenat ...
... Left atrium: Thin-walled, low pressure chamber. The pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. Left ventricle: Thick-walled, muscular chamber responsible for pumping oxygenated blood out to the body. Aorta: Largest blood vessel; responsible for carrying oxygenat ...
Aortic Aneurysms - Richard Bowman MD
... the media, and an outer layer called the adventitia. If a tear occurs in the inner lining of an artery, it is called a dissection. This tear creates a space between the inner and outer layers. If blood leaks into that space it can cause a variety of severe conditions including a heart attack or stro ...
... the media, and an outer layer called the adventitia. If a tear occurs in the inner lining of an artery, it is called a dissection. This tear creates a space between the inner and outer layers. If blood leaks into that space it can cause a variety of severe conditions including a heart attack or stro ...
pulmonic_stenosis
... top two chambers are the right and left atria and the bottom two chambers are the right and left ventricles; heart valves are located between the right atrium and the right ventricle (tricuspid valve); between the left atrium and the left ventricle (mitral valve); from the right ventricle to the mai ...
... top two chambers are the right and left atria and the bottom two chambers are the right and left ventricles; heart valves are located between the right atrium and the right ventricle (tricuspid valve); between the left atrium and the left ventricle (mitral valve); from the right ventricle to the mai ...
ExSci/Biology 242 Anatomy and Physiology
... osmotic pressure in capillary filtration. Explain how blood pressure is controlled including the nervous and hormonal regulation systems. As the heart rate increases, the time available for diastolic filling a. increases b. decreases c. will remain the same d. increases, then stabilizes Which one of ...
... osmotic pressure in capillary filtration. Explain how blood pressure is controlled including the nervous and hormonal regulation systems. As the heart rate increases, the time available for diastolic filling a. increases b. decreases c. will remain the same d. increases, then stabilizes Which one of ...
Fetal interventions in congenital heart disease - sha
... Development of HLHS • Only a small subset of HLHS patients, those with patency (ie, not atresia) of the mitral and aortic valves and with only mild hypoplasia of the left ventricle, may be amenable to a 2-ventricle repair • In some cases, HLHS may be the consequence of abnormal myocyte proliferatio ...
... Development of HLHS • Only a small subset of HLHS patients, those with patency (ie, not atresia) of the mitral and aortic valves and with only mild hypoplasia of the left ventricle, may be amenable to a 2-ventricle repair • In some cases, HLHS may be the consequence of abnormal myocyte proliferatio ...
Classifications of Heart Murmurs
... are visible initially on the external surface of the heart but descend deep into the myocardial tissue layers. Their function is to transport blood bringing nutrients and oxygen to the myocardial muscle. The coronary arteries fill during diastole. The main coronary arteries are the left main coronar ...
... are visible initially on the external surface of the heart but descend deep into the myocardial tissue layers. Their function is to transport blood bringing nutrients and oxygen to the myocardial muscle. The coronary arteries fill during diastole. The main coronary arteries are the left main coronar ...
Chapter V Thorax
... pulmonary artery hypertension and CRBBB, the splitting of S2 is clearly audible with inspiration. Fixed splitting: in ASD, there is a wide fixed split of S2 over the pulmonary valve area with little or no change in the degree of splitting during either phase of respiration. Paradoxical splitting: in ...
... pulmonary artery hypertension and CRBBB, the splitting of S2 is clearly audible with inspiration. Fixed splitting: in ASD, there is a wide fixed split of S2 over the pulmonary valve area with little or no change in the degree of splitting during either phase of respiration. Paradoxical splitting: in ...
Congenital Heart Disease
... • During intrauterine life, it permits blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, thereby bypassing the unoxygenated lungs. • + prostaglandin, immuture • Used to save life in pulmonary or oartic valve obstruction or atresia ...
... • During intrauterine life, it permits blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, thereby bypassing the unoxygenated lungs. • + prostaglandin, immuture • Used to save life in pulmonary or oartic valve obstruction or atresia ...
Sudden Death Due to Aortic Coarctation
... preductal aorta). Main complications occurring at this level are: aortic dissection/rupture of aorta and bacterial endarteritis. 9 Campbell for example5 from 34 cases of CoA found dissection/rupture of the aorta to be the cause of death in 21% cases, the average age of death being 25 years. Heart mo ...
... preductal aorta). Main complications occurring at this level are: aortic dissection/rupture of aorta and bacterial endarteritis. 9 Campbell for example5 from 34 cases of CoA found dissection/rupture of the aorta to be the cause of death in 21% cases, the average age of death being 25 years. Heart mo ...
Dissection of the Sheep Heart
... Compare the size and wall thicknesses of the two ventricles. Why is there a difference? Be certain that, in addition to naming the structures, you are able to trace the path of blood flow through the heart. ...
... Compare the size and wall thicknesses of the two ventricles. Why is there a difference? Be certain that, in addition to naming the structures, you are able to trace the path of blood flow through the heart. ...
iatrogenic left main coronary artery stenosis after aortic valve
... six months but may occur up to thirty months after the procedure [4].The incidence of this complication has been estimated to be less than 3% [3], but the real incidence is not known, considering that cases of undiagnosed sudden death following aortic valve replacement could be attributed to iatroge ...
... six months but may occur up to thirty months after the procedure [4].The incidence of this complication has been estimated to be less than 3% [3], but the real incidence is not known, considering that cases of undiagnosed sudden death following aortic valve replacement could be attributed to iatroge ...
Heart Anatomy and Physiology Presentation
... • occurs after ventricular contraction • semilunar valves closing Murmur – abnormal heart sound ...
... • occurs after ventricular contraction • semilunar valves closing Murmur – abnormal heart sound ...
Este - Delmar
... Decrescendo Decrescendo is a term used to describe sounds that go from loud to soft. ...
... Decrescendo Decrescendo is a term used to describe sounds that go from loud to soft. ...
I. THE HEART
... 1. Stimulus for Contraction Although the brain can change the rate & force of contraction, the heart generates and maintains its own beat. There is a small cluster of cardiac muscle cells in the ____________________ referred to as the ______________________. They trigger an ________________ impulse ...
... 1. Stimulus for Contraction Although the brain can change the rate & force of contraction, the heart generates and maintains its own beat. There is a small cluster of cardiac muscle cells in the ____________________ referred to as the ______________________. They trigger an ________________ impulse ...
Congenital Heart Disease
... **Assessment ...systolic murmur enlarged RT side of the heart ..increased in pulmonary circulation…Echo. **Management …cath repaired, or open heart surgery (1 to 3 years) **Complication ..arrhythmias …emboli ...
... **Assessment ...systolic murmur enlarged RT side of the heart ..increased in pulmonary circulation…Echo. **Management …cath repaired, or open heart surgery (1 to 3 years) **Complication ..arrhythmias …emboli ...
contraception for patients with congenital heart disease
... Transposition of the great arteries (Mustard or senning operations) ccTGA Well balanced single ventricle (depends on degree of cyanosis, and presence or absence of pulmonary hypertension) Fontan circulation Mechanical heart valves ...
... Transposition of the great arteries (Mustard or senning operations) ccTGA Well balanced single ventricle (depends on degree of cyanosis, and presence or absence of pulmonary hypertension) Fontan circulation Mechanical heart valves ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.