Cardiac Examination
... systemic hypertension, or rarely aneurysm of the aorta. 3- Left parasternal area: Pulsations are due to RV dilatation (tricuspid or pulmonary incompetence, ASD) or RV hypertrophy ( pulmonary hypertension or stenosis) . 4- Right parasternal area: Pulsations are due to huge enlargement of RA or LA ...
... systemic hypertension, or rarely aneurysm of the aorta. 3- Left parasternal area: Pulsations are due to RV dilatation (tricuspid or pulmonary incompetence, ASD) or RV hypertrophy ( pulmonary hypertension or stenosis) . 4- Right parasternal area: Pulsations are due to huge enlargement of RA or LA ...
Pathology Dr. M.M. Lena September 26, 2003 DISEASE OF THE
... o A transient and recurrent precordial discomfort with the following types: 1. Stable Angina- diminished perfusion and relieved by rest 2. Unstable or Cresendo- progressive and increasing symptoms even at rest, due to atheroma, thrombus and vasospasm (incomplete obstruction) 3. Prinzmental variant- ...
... o A transient and recurrent precordial discomfort with the following types: 1. Stable Angina- diminished perfusion and relieved by rest 2. Unstable or Cresendo- progressive and increasing symptoms even at rest, due to atheroma, thrombus and vasospasm (incomplete obstruction) 3. Prinzmental variant- ...
congenital defects: tetralogy of fallot
... Syncope Cyanosis Polycythemia: occurs as a response to the large amount of deoxygenated blood going to the systemic circulation – Systolic murmur over the pulmonic area – ECHO: right ventricular hypertrophy, subaortic ventricular septal defect, right outflow tract obstruction ...
... Syncope Cyanosis Polycythemia: occurs as a response to the large amount of deoxygenated blood going to the systemic circulation – Systolic murmur over the pulmonic area – ECHO: right ventricular hypertrophy, subaortic ventricular septal defect, right outflow tract obstruction ...
Tear, Tumor, or Thrombus
... back and numbness of the left arm. On admission, the left arm was cold and the left radial pulse was significantly weaker than the right. ECG showed inferolateral ST-segment elevation suggestive of acute myocardial infarction. Chest x-ray suggested possible widening of the mediastinum. The possibili ...
... back and numbness of the left arm. On admission, the left arm was cold and the left radial pulse was significantly weaker than the right. ECG showed inferolateral ST-segment elevation suggestive of acute myocardial infarction. Chest x-ray suggested possible widening of the mediastinum. The possibili ...
The Bronchial Breath Sound
... usually change intensity with positional maneuvers, becoming quieter on standing and louder with squatting A Valsalva maneuver will decrease the intensity of the murmur because the increase in intrathoracic pressure will decrease venous return, which will decrease flow through the heart and lessen t ...
... usually change intensity with positional maneuvers, becoming quieter on standing and louder with squatting A Valsalva maneuver will decrease the intensity of the murmur because the increase in intrathoracic pressure will decrease venous return, which will decrease flow through the heart and lessen t ...
J_Raymond_Cardiology Advances in 2015 ta... 12117KB Feb 23
... conditions among middle-aged and older adults, and is a leading risk factor for stroke, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and other conditions. • Previous trials demonstrate effectiveness of treating SBP to about 140 mm Hg. • Observational studies suggest benefits of SBP lowering may extend to ...
... conditions among middle-aged and older adults, and is a leading risk factor for stroke, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and other conditions. • Previous trials demonstrate effectiveness of treating SBP to about 140 mm Hg. • Observational studies suggest benefits of SBP lowering may extend to ...
Prosthetic Heart Valves - McMaster University > ECE
... The pressure drop across the valve is a direct indication of valve performance. Larger pressure drops across the valve require a larger systolic pressure to drive the flow. ...
... The pressure drop across the valve is a direct indication of valve performance. Larger pressure drops across the valve require a larger systolic pressure to drive the flow. ...
2 E MASANGA CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES
... which normally occurs during fetal life, short circuits the normal pulmonary vascular system and allows blood to mix between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Prior to birth, there is an open passageway between the two blood vessels, which closes soon after birth. When it does not close, some bloo ...
... which normally occurs during fetal life, short circuits the normal pulmonary vascular system and allows blood to mix between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Prior to birth, there is an open passageway between the two blood vessels, which closes soon after birth. When it does not close, some bloo ...
Answers 2-06
... regularly to and from the bus stop several times per week. It now takes her 25 min to get to the bus stop, whereas it only took her 10 min a year ago. She describes dyspnea midway in her walk, causing her to stop and catch her breath. She does not have angina, syncope or edema. On physical exam, hea ...
... regularly to and from the bus stop several times per week. It now takes her 25 min to get to the bus stop, whereas it only took her 10 min a year ago. She describes dyspnea midway in her walk, causing her to stop and catch her breath. She does not have angina, syncope or edema. On physical exam, hea ...
Myxomatous Mitral Valve Degeneration PDF
... worsens over time causing increased pressure within the heart and also causing the atrium and ventricles to enlarge. Eventually the heart will no longer be able to pump blood efficiently. The increased pressures cause fluid to leak from the blood vessels allowing fluid accumulation within the lungs ...
... worsens over time causing increased pressure within the heart and also causing the atrium and ventricles to enlarge. Eventually the heart will no longer be able to pump blood efficiently. The increased pressures cause fluid to leak from the blood vessels allowing fluid accumulation within the lungs ...
Bios 1310 SI Final Exam Review Good luck! J VITAL SIGNS: Blood
... d. During isovolumetric contraction the ventricular pressure is less than atrial pressure but greater than the great artery pressure 14. The amount of friction the blood experiences as it is traveling through blood vessels is known as what? a. Cardiac output b. Blood pressure c. Peripheral resistanc ...
... d. During isovolumetric contraction the ventricular pressure is less than atrial pressure but greater than the great artery pressure 14. The amount of friction the blood experiences as it is traveling through blood vessels is known as what? a. Cardiac output b. Blood pressure c. Peripheral resistanc ...
Development of the Cardiovascular System
... The Atrio-Ventricular (AV) canal between the primitive atrium and ventricle has now been partitioned by the fusing endocardial cushions. - Shunting of venous return The development of the venous system causes an increase in right-sided venous return to the primitive atrium. Combined with the partiti ...
... The Atrio-Ventricular (AV) canal between the primitive atrium and ventricle has now been partitioned by the fusing endocardial cushions. - Shunting of venous return The development of the venous system causes an increase in right-sided venous return to the primitive atrium. Combined with the partiti ...
Cardiac Emergencies
... sat mid 80’s, increases to 97% on 1/4 L/ O2 Small for age male, nondysmorphic, mild cyanosis, moderate increased work of breathing Left chest prominent Prominent PMI, RRR, S2 obscured by murmur, gr III pansystolic SRM over apex to left axilla Liver edge 4 cm below RCM 1+ pulses throughout ...
... sat mid 80’s, increases to 97% on 1/4 L/ O2 Small for age male, nondysmorphic, mild cyanosis, moderate increased work of breathing Left chest prominent Prominent PMI, RRR, S2 obscured by murmur, gr III pansystolic SRM over apex to left axilla Liver edge 4 cm below RCM 1+ pulses throughout ...
Cardiac System - My Illinois State
... or death, of the deprived myocardial tissue. • Myocardial ischemia develops if coronary blood flow or the oxygen content of coronary blood is not sufficient to meet the metabolic demands of myocardial cells. Ischemia occurs if demand exceeds supply. • Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by myocardi ...
... or death, of the deprived myocardial tissue. • Myocardial ischemia develops if coronary blood flow or the oxygen content of coronary blood is not sufficient to meet the metabolic demands of myocardial cells. Ischemia occurs if demand exceeds supply. • Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by myocardi ...
The Role of Echocardiography
... approaches are feasible. VC is a common, semi quantitative parameter for further assessment, particularly to distinguish between moderate and sever TR3. The ratio of the TR jet area and the right atrial (RA) area is another quantitative approach1. Estimation of systolic pulmonary pressure as describ ...
... approaches are feasible. VC is a common, semi quantitative parameter for further assessment, particularly to distinguish between moderate and sever TR3. The ratio of the TR jet area and the right atrial (RA) area is another quantitative approach1. Estimation of systolic pulmonary pressure as describ ...
Congenital Heart Disease
... 1. large VSD, 2. RV outflow tract obstruction, 3. RV hypertrophy, 4. Overriding aorta. -> complete correction undertaking during infancy VSD repair – surgical closure and percutaneous closure options (both are associated with problems with ventricular arrhythmias post op) ASD repair – percutaneously ...
... 1. large VSD, 2. RV outflow tract obstruction, 3. RV hypertrophy, 4. Overriding aorta. -> complete correction undertaking during infancy VSD repair – surgical closure and percutaneous closure options (both are associated with problems with ventricular arrhythmias post op) ASD repair – percutaneously ...
Treatment - Digoxin Immune Fab
... α-adrenergic effects may augment coronary diastolic pressure, thereby increasing subendocardial perfusion during chest compressions. Epinephrine also increases the likelihood of successful defibrillation. However, β-adrenergic effects may be detrimental because they increase O2 requirements (especia ...
... α-adrenergic effects may augment coronary diastolic pressure, thereby increasing subendocardial perfusion during chest compressions. Epinephrine also increases the likelihood of successful defibrillation. However, β-adrenergic effects may be detrimental because they increase O2 requirements (especia ...
Pig Heart Dissection Lab Safety Follow safe laboratory practices
... the right ventricle. Observe the tricuspid valve. 4. Run some water through the tricuspid valve to fill the chamber of the right ventricle. Gently squeeze the ventricles and watch the cusps of the valve as the water moves up against them. 5. Use a probe to push through the opening of the valve into ...
... the right ventricle. Observe the tricuspid valve. 4. Run some water through the tricuspid valve to fill the chamber of the right ventricle. Gently squeeze the ventricles and watch the cusps of the valve as the water moves up against them. 5. Use a probe to push through the opening of the valve into ...
Print - Circulation
... 18 control patients and in one patient each with valvar aortic stenosis and supravalvar aortic stenosis, they demonstrated that the relationship between oxygen needs (TTI) and the available subendocardial blood supply (DPTI) seem to be distributed in a similar manner. Both of their patients with lef ...
... 18 control patients and in one patient each with valvar aortic stenosis and supravalvar aortic stenosis, they demonstrated that the relationship between oxygen needs (TTI) and the available subendocardial blood supply (DPTI) seem to be distributed in a similar manner. Both of their patients with lef ...
Percutaneous implantation of self-expandable aortic
... excellent experience and data on TAVI 9, 10. The technique appeared to be safe, feasible, effective and successful in reducing large pressure gradient and symptoms in patients with severe AS 11, 12. Our initial results on survival are excellent, with complication of gastrointestinal bleeding occurri ...
... excellent experience and data on TAVI 9, 10. The technique appeared to be safe, feasible, effective and successful in reducing large pressure gradient and symptoms in patients with severe AS 11, 12. Our initial results on survival are excellent, with complication of gastrointestinal bleeding occurri ...
File
... − A stronger pump, since it has to pump blood to the body • Cardiac output is the volume of blood that the left ventricle pumps per minute. o Cardiac output is about 5.25 L of blood per minute in a person with an average heart rate of 70 beats per minute o The pulse is a wave effect that passes down ...
... − A stronger pump, since it has to pump blood to the body • Cardiac output is the volume of blood that the left ventricle pumps per minute. o Cardiac output is about 5.25 L of blood per minute in a person with an average heart rate of 70 beats per minute o The pulse is a wave effect that passes down ...
Congenital Cardiac Abnormalities - Nicole Stevens
... Presence allows flow from high pressure left atrium to low pressure right atrium; increase risk of pulmonary congestion. Symptoms: failure to thrive, fatigue, shortness of breath ASD that don’t close and require intervention may be managed with the placement of a patch via a cardiac catheterisation ...
... Presence allows flow from high pressure left atrium to low pressure right atrium; increase risk of pulmonary congestion. Symptoms: failure to thrive, fatigue, shortness of breath ASD that don’t close and require intervention may be managed with the placement of a patch via a cardiac catheterisation ...
YR 2 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CARDIOVASCULAR UNIT I
... posterior descending coronary artery arises from the right coronary artery. On additional sectioning, you find that the right coronary artery contains diffuse atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and you find a thrombotic occlusion in the proximal portion of the artery. ...
... posterior descending coronary artery arises from the right coronary artery. On additional sectioning, you find that the right coronary artery contains diffuse atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and you find a thrombotic occlusion in the proximal portion of the artery. ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.