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Rutherford Model of the Atom Objective
Rutherford Model of the Atom Objective

... charge repelling the positively charged alpha particles. He said that it must be in the center of the atom and he called it the nucleus. ...
Classes of Particles - Liberty Union
Classes of Particles - Liberty Union

... bosons. The quark and anti-quark must have the same color (such as red and anti-red) so that the resulting meson is colorless (or "white"). It is also possible to make mesons out of two (or more) quarks and the same number of anti-quarks, but this kind of particle (a "tetraquark") is rare, both in ...
Recreating_the_beginning_of_the_Universe_at_the_LHC
Recreating_the_beginning_of_the_Universe_at_the_LHC

... • Why do tiny particles weigh the amount they do? • Why do some particles have no mass at all? • The most likely explanation could be the Higgs boson • First hypothesized in 1964, • It has yet to be observed. ...
Atomic Theory
Atomic Theory

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May 21, 2010 17:21 WSPC/INSTRUCTION FILE fortunato˙kazimieriz

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Electroweak Physics (from an experimentalist!)

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Asymptotic Freedom: From Paradox to Paradigm
Asymptotic Freedom: From Paradox to Paradigm

Fundamentals of Particle Physics
Fundamentals of Particle Physics

... with the Standard Model •  From the orbits of galaxies and other bodies we can calculate the mass of the central body. In space we see that the mass calculated is much greater than what we can detect. There is missing matter out there that we cannot detect •  A famous illustration of this is the Bul ...
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Flavour symmetry -- 50 years after SU(3)

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Modern view of matter and the universe

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Problems for particle physics course:

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Quantum Reality

... Quarks and leptons, as well as most composite particles, like protons and neutrons, are fermions. (For reasons we do not fully understand, a consequence of the odd halfinteger spin is that fermions obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle and therefore cannot co-exist in the same state at same location at ...
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... 9. Can any of the intermediate vector bosons (W– , W+, and Z0) interact with light? If so, which? 10. What force (of the four) must be involved in the process of beta decay, in which a neutron disappears and turns into a proton, an electron, and an electron anti-neutrino? 11. In the world-view provi ...
Rutherford Model
Rutherford Model

... As a result, the electrons should spiral into the nucleus and the atom would collapse. Since atoms exist, the model must be wrong. It remained this way until Bohr made some additional observations. ...
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An Overview of the Field of High Energy Physics

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What`s common these things

... It has the fastest messengers on the short distance, the gluons (the “sticky” ones). They bind together quarks to form particles called “hadrons” like, for instance, protons and neutrons and indirectly nuclei. Exchanging gluons, quarks exchange their intrinsic color Electromagnetic interaction It af ...
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Thesis Presentation Mr. Joshuah T. Heath Department of Physics

Muon Lifetime
Muon Lifetime

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a S

The True Internal Symmetry Group of the
The True Internal Symmetry Group of the

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Grand Unified Theory

A Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is a model in particle physics in which at high energy, the three gauge interactions of the Standard Model which define the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions or forces, are merged into one single force. This unified interaction is characterized by one larger gauge symmetry and thus several force carriers, but one unified coupling constant. If Grand Unification is realized in nature, there is the possibility of a grand unification epoch in the early universe in which the fundamental forces are not yet distinct.Models that do not unify all interactions using one simple Lie group as the gauge symmetry, but do so using semisimple groups, can exhibit similar properties and are sometimes referred to as Grand Unified Theories as well.Unifying gravity with the other three interactions would provide a theory of everything (TOE), rather than a GUT. Nevertheless, GUTs are often seen as an intermediate step towards a TOE.The novel particles predicted by GUT models are expected to have energies around the GUT scale—just a few orders of magnitude below the Planck scale—and so will be well beyond the reach of any foreseen particle collider experiments. Therefore, the particles predicted by GUT models will be unable to be observed directly and instead the effects of grand unification might be detected through indirect observations such as proton decay, electric dipole moments of elementary particles, or the properties of neutrinos. Some grand unified theories predict the existence of magnetic monopoles.As of 2012, all GUT models which aim to be completely realistic are quite complicated, even compared to the Standard Model, because they need to introduce additional fields and interactions, or even additional dimensions of space. The main reason for this complexity lies in the difficulty of reproducing the observed fermion masses and mixing angles. Due to this difficulty, and due to the lack of any observed effect of grand unification so far, there is no generally accepted GUT model.
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