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Bi Imaging - MicroscopyU
Bi Imaging - MicroscopyU

... To reliably determine the degree of co-localization, very careful attention must be paid to sample preparation. Yellow/orange pixels appear if there is co-localization or any nontargeted cross-reactivity between any of the antibodies, spectral overlap of the fluorescent emissions of the fluorochrome ...
technical paper
technical paper

... only be modified by polishing or roughening. For very thin layers (thin films for example) internal reflection effects can cause the reflectance to vary with layer thickness. Thin films are applied to a surface to change color, enhance reflectance, reduce reflectance or change polarization. The most ...
2 - Hal
2 - Hal

OPTICS OF ANISOTROPIC LAYERED MEDIA: A
OPTICS OF ANISOTROPIC LAYERED MEDIA: A

... Recently, Stamnes and Sherman [22] obtained exact solutions for the reflected and transmitted fields which result when an arbitrary electromagnetic wave is incident on a plane interface separating two uniaxial media, Their results, however, are not in a useful form for treating birefringent layered ...
Study of optical characteristics of tin oxide thin film prepared by sol
Study of optical characteristics of tin oxide thin film prepared by sol

... as the thickness increases. This dome-like structures may be believed as the top surfaces of the grains of the film. Since the size of domes increases with decrease in thickness, so, it may be concluded that the grain size of the film having less thickness is bigger than the grain size of the film o ...
Polarization - OpenStax CNX
Polarization - OpenStax CNX

... on polarization. Liquid crystals are so named because their molecules can be aligned even though they are in a liquid. Liquid crystals have the property that they can rotate the polarization of light passing through them by 90º. Furthermore, this property can be turned o by the application of a vol ...
Light at work: The use of optical forces for particle manipulation
Light at work: The use of optical forces for particle manipulation

Jens Prescher, Establishment and Optimization of Super
Jens Prescher, Establishment and Optimization of Super

... apparent. For example, the causative organisms for diseases could now be identified and for this reason they could also be fought. It was no longer necessary to take them as god-given plagues. The next big step in the history of optical microscopy was the construction of the first fluorescence micro ...
Optical device having equal length waveguide paths
Optical device having equal length waveguide paths

... number of Waveguide paths possible to effect optical con nections betWeen Pi and P0, such as the method described in the aforementioned US. Pat. No. 5,212,758. Unlike this prior art method, hoWever, my inventive method and appa ratus de?nes the Waveguide paths such that the relative ...
Optimal pupil size in the human eye for axial resolution
Optimal pupil size in the human eye for axial resolution

... 2. METHODS ...
A Basic Introduction to BRDF-Based Lighting
A Basic Introduction to BRDF-Based Lighting

... Distribution Function (BRDF) and BRDF-based lighting techniques. The purpose of this tutorial is to provide a working knowledge of the concepts and basic mathematics necessary to appreciate BRDFs and to provide some exposure to the terminology used when discussing BRDFs and BRDF-based lighting techn ...
Modeling of nano-photonics
Modeling of nano-photonics

... medium for transportation, due to their low losses, and high capacity. A single optical fiber (whose core is less than 10µm in diameter) has been demonstrated to transmit more than 1Tbit/sec, with losses less than 0.2dB/km. By the same token, this large amount of data needs to be processed. To perfo ...
super-resolved fluorescence microscopy
super-resolved fluorescence microscopy

Document
Document

S U P E R -R E S O LV... Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014
S U P E R -R E S O LV... Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014

Optical Behavior of Pellicles
Optical Behavior of Pellicles

Optical frequency combs: From frequency metrology to - JILA-PFC
Optical frequency combs: From frequency metrology to - JILA-PFC

Beam Diagnostics 2 - ab-abp-frankz
Beam Diagnostics 2 - ab-abp-frankz

... converted to e-, which are accelerated and deflected using a timesynchronized, ramped HV electric field; e- signal is amplified with an MCP, converted to s (via a phosphor screen) and detected using an imager (e.g. CCD array), which converts the light into a voltage ...
Qualifying Exam Peter Langston January 21 , 2010
Qualifying Exam Peter Langston January 21 , 2010

... Two potential experiments to test this theory: 1) LIDT tests can be made on a material with an engineered band gap. This can be accomplished for a transition from a two photon process at 800nm to a three photon process by creating a ternary compound composed of TiO2 and SiO2. 2) The output of a lase ...
[pdf]
[pdf]

Soft-x-ray laser interferometry of a pinch discharge using a tabletop... * C. H. Moreno, M. C. Marconi,
Soft-x-ray laser interferometry of a pinch discharge using a tabletop... * C. H. Moreno, M. C. Marconi,

... coatings deposited by electron-beam evaporation on superpolished surfaces is only '10% at this wavelength, which in our setup that uses two near-normal incidence mirrors reduces the intensity of the probe beam reaching the detector by nearly two orders of magnitude. To obtain a significant improveme ...
Single scattering by red blood cells
Single scattering by red blood cells

... there is an important exception, the red blood cell. First, the erythrocyte is important for tissue optics because it contains one of the strongest absorbers of visual light in the human body, hemoglobin. Second, erythrocytes can easily be isolated and studied experimentally. Third, the erythrocyte ...
Diffraction-free beams in thin films *
Diffraction-free beams in thin films *

... exp共in␪兲 depending on the azimuthal coordinate and a radially varying Bessel function of the first kind and order n [1]. The maximum value of the zero-order Bessel function is attained at the origin; however, higher-order Bessel functions have a phase singularity at r = 0, reaching its highest inten ...
to Thin Section Microscopy - Mineralogical Society of America
to Thin Section Microscopy - Mineralogical Society of America

... is important. The cross-hairs in the ocular, the directions of light polarization and the microscope axis are the main reference directions. The four cardinal points (and intermediate directions derived from those) are commonly used to express and distinguish directions, with no geographical meaning ...
Biomedical Optical Imaging
Biomedical Optical Imaging

... sample beam path, and a detector, as shown in Figure 1.2. Early OCT systems detected echoes of light based on low coherence interferometry with time domain detection techniques. A low coherence light source is directed into an interferometer and split into a signal and reference beam. Interference b ...
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Harold Hopkins (physicist)

Harold Horace Hopkins FRS (1918–1994) was a renowned British physicist. His Wave Theory of Aberrations, (published by Oxford University Press 1950), is central to all modern optical design and provides the mathematical analysis which enables the use of computers to create the wealth of high quality lenses available today. In addition to his theoretical work, his many inventions are in daily use throughout the world. These include zoom lenses, coherent fibre-optics and more recently the rod-lens endoscopes which 'opened the door' to modern key-hole surgery. He was the recipient of many of the world's most prestigious awards and was twice nominated for a Nobel Prize. His citation on receiving the Rumford Medal from the Royal Society in 1984 stated: ""In recognition of his many contributions to the theory and design of optical instruments, especially of a wide variety of important new medical instruments which have made a major contribution to clinical diagnosis and surgery.""
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