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... 4 X 4 Ray-Transfer Matrix for Skewed Rays. Matrix methods may be generalized to describe skewed paraxial rays in circularly symmetric systems, and to astigmatic (non-circularly symmetric) systems. A ray crossing the plane z = 0 is generally characterized by four variables-the coordinates (x, y) of i ...
Distance Sensing with Dynamic Speckles
Distance Sensing with Dynamic Speckles

... which makes it possible to work with fast-moving objects, and (ii) the possibility of making measurements on extremely rough surfaces where other sensors such as, for example, triangulation [1] do not reach the required performance. The proposed technique is based on the well-known speckle effect di ...
FREE Sample Here
FREE Sample Here

Optical Fiber Sensors for Biomedical Applications
Optical Fiber Sensors for Biomedical Applications

... to dominate. In this regime, sapphire fibers provide superior transmission but can suffer additional signal decreases due to high reflection losses at the fiber interface (because of sapphire’s high refractive index). ...
Interference and Interferometry [Pedrotti^3 Ch. 7 & Ch. 8]
Interference and Interferometry [Pedrotti^3 Ch. 7 & Ch. 8]

... source k = 1.22), D is the approximate diameter of the source and R is the distance from the source. Coherence width is the distance along the wavefront (perpendicular to the direction of propagation), within which the amplitude and phase of the wave can be considered well defined and therefore pred ...
An introduction to medical imaging with coherent terahertz
An introduction to medical imaging with coherent terahertz

Recent progress in investigating optical rogue waves
Recent progress in investigating optical rogue waves

... The science of rogue waves in optics is now over five years old, and it has emerged as an area of broad interest to researchers across the physical sciences [1]. This area of study was initiated by the pioneering measurement of Solli et al [2] when analysing supercontinuum generation in optical fibr ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Radiative Transfer Theory • Case considered: – horizontally infinite but vertically finite plane parallel medium (air) embedded with infinitessimal oriented scattering objects at low density – canopy lies over soil surface (lower boundary) – assume horizontal homogeneity ...
Optical Properties of Plasmonic Ag/Ni Square Nanostructures
Optical Properties of Plasmonic Ag/Ni Square Nanostructures

... These electron oscillations will spread to other atoms, resulting in resonant collective electron oscillations. These are called plasmons. The oscillating atoms, which can now be seen as dipoles, will in turn re-emit radiation. This might seem like a quite simple system, but there is still a lot we ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... concentrated in one mode only. This is accomplished by reducing  and or the core diameter to a point where the V is less than 2.4. In other words, the fiber is designed to have a V number between 0 and 2.4. This relatively small value means that the fiber radius and , the relative refractive index ...
Wu_umd_0117E_17432 - DRUM
Wu_umd_0117E_17432 - DRUM

... determine the phase and amplitude distortion in a coherent beam, for example a laser beam that has propagated through the turbulent atmosphere.. The plenoptic sensor can be applied to situations involving strong or deep atmospheric turbulence. This can improve free space optical communications by ma ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)

Intense, ultrashort light and dense, hot matter
Intense, ultrashort light and dense, hot matter

... a real-life image of the set-up). What is the electric field that is produced when such high peak power, ultrashort laser pulses are focused? For example, the highest peak intensity achieved recently is 1022 W/cm2 [7]. The corresponding electric field is ∼1013 V/cm – a gigantic number. To get a true ...
EXPERIMENT 06 Helium Neon Laser
EXPERIMENT 06 Helium Neon Laser

... Fig. 6: Inhomogeneous line profile, speed intervals dv Why these speed intervals dv or frequency intervals dν you may ask. Actually there are formal reasons for this. Not having any intervals at all would be like wanting to make a statement on fishing out a particle with an exact speed or frequency ...
Building a Helium — Neon Gas Laser Lab Manual Figure 1
Building a Helium — Neon Gas Laser Lab Manual Figure 1

... Then, move the board close to the end of the breadboard and verify that the beam is at the same approximate height. If it is not, then use the screw on the bottom of the laser platform to adjust the beam until you can repeat this test successfully. 5. Take one of the base-and-post combinations and p ...
catalogue laser pointers
catalogue laser pointers

... For the classification of the laser systems: only in perfect conditions and supplied with DC power supply, the system can be specified in the safety class, according to new regulations valid as from 01/01/04. Laser according to EN 60825-1, Edition 4 (Laser Safety) By electrostatic charges take measu ...
- sfo
- sfo

... In DFB lasers, the position of the grating relative to the output facets strongly influences the laser threshold and the optical spectrum. ϕ is the phase of the modulator output facet relative to the grating. The resolution of the complex oscillation condition (Eq. 4) gives the DFB modes (optical fr ...
IV. Single photon detection
IV. Single photon detection

... infrared (2 µm) to the X-rays wavelengths and good quantum efficiency up to 80%. Resolving power can exceed 10 in the visible wavelength range. Our main goal is to use STJ’s for astronomical observations at low light level in the near infrared. This paper put the emphasis on two main points: the imp ...
CW mode-locked dye lasers for ultra fast spectroscopic studies
CW mode-locked dye lasers for ultra fast spectroscopic studies

... intensity. The pulses have a smooth envelope implying that the laser is well mode-locked. As Fig. 5 demonstrates, correct cavity matching to - 10 pm is essential for the shortest pulses and attention must be paid to the thermal stability of the dye laser cavity length particularly if a steel optical ...
Physic
Physic

... For two objects to be just resolved first minima of one should fall on central maxima of other. This statement was given by a) Einstein. b) Michelson and Morley. c) Rayleigh. d) Newton ...
Glass Analysis Powerpoint
Glass Analysis Powerpoint

table of content - Photonics North
table of content - Photonics North

... edition is offering a special program tailored to SMEs of the manufacturing sector that integrate optic-photonic components. At the Quebec Photonic Network, we firmly believe that new ideas emerge from linking various stakeholders in the opticsphotonics area. These ideas generate partnerships that i ...
HS-SCI-CP -- Chapter 15- Interference and
HS-SCI-CP -- Chapter 15- Interference and

... at that location. When the light from the two slits combines destructively at a point on the viewing screen, a dark fringe appears at that location. When a white-light source is used to observe interference, the situation becomes more complicated. The reason is that white light includes waves of man ...
幻灯片 1 - USTC, ICTS
幻灯片 1 - USTC, ICTS

Application note: Stripping cleaving and coupling to
Application note: Stripping cleaving and coupling to

... the outer and inner cladding. In this case the inner cladding experience too much stress during cleave and glass debris can be seen at the facet. During cleaving, two parts of the shock wave propagates around the outer cladding and meet at the far side of the fiber. Since these two waves travel far ...
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Harold Hopkins (physicist)

Harold Horace Hopkins FRS (1918–1994) was a renowned British physicist. His Wave Theory of Aberrations, (published by Oxford University Press 1950), is central to all modern optical design and provides the mathematical analysis which enables the use of computers to create the wealth of high quality lenses available today. In addition to his theoretical work, his many inventions are in daily use throughout the world. These include zoom lenses, coherent fibre-optics and more recently the rod-lens endoscopes which 'opened the door' to modern key-hole surgery. He was the recipient of many of the world's most prestigious awards and was twice nominated for a Nobel Prize. His citation on receiving the Rumford Medal from the Royal Society in 1984 stated: ""In recognition of his many contributions to the theory and design of optical instruments, especially of a wide variety of important new medical instruments which have made a major contribution to clinical diagnosis and surgery.""
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