Extraction of Sensory Parameters from a Neural Map by Primary
... the 60 afferents were then shifted with respect to their actual peak sensitivity directions, so as to align their peaks. The curves were then averaged. This average curve resembles a cosine f unction, with slight deviations from the pure cosine at the peak and trough. Note that these afferents, all ...
... the 60 afferents were then shifted with respect to their actual peak sensitivity directions, so as to align their peaks. The curves were then averaged. This average curve resembles a cosine f unction, with slight deviations from the pure cosine at the peak and trough. Note that these afferents, all ...
Gating of Sensory Input by Spontaneous Cortical Activity
... a semiautomatic algorithm (http://klustakwik.sourceforge.net) followed by manual clustering (http://klusters.sourceforge.net). Only neurons with firing rates higher than 1 Hz were used in further analysis, resulting in population sizes 17, 26, 32, and 45 for the four rats, respectively. After spike ...
... a semiautomatic algorithm (http://klustakwik.sourceforge.net) followed by manual clustering (http://klusters.sourceforge.net). Only neurons with firing rates higher than 1 Hz were used in further analysis, resulting in population sizes 17, 26, 32, and 45 for the four rats, respectively. After spike ...
Neuroanatomy and function of brain structures involved in the
... The most widely studied neuroendocrine reflex responsible for milk production is the suckling induced PRL release (SIPR). DA acts as the main inhibitory transmitter, responsible for tonically inhibiting PRL production and release in non-lactating rats. At the beginning of lactation, suckling stimul ...
... The most widely studied neuroendocrine reflex responsible for milk production is the suckling induced PRL release (SIPR). DA acts as the main inhibitory transmitter, responsible for tonically inhibiting PRL production and release in non-lactating rats. At the beginning of lactation, suckling stimul ...
The effects of normal aging on myelin and nerve fibers: A review
... degenerative, age-related alterations that affect the integrity of myelin sheaths. It should be pointed out however, that both of these changes are localized and do not extend along the entire length of an internode. This can be seen in longitudinal sections of affected nerve fibers (Fig. 4), and se ...
... degenerative, age-related alterations that affect the integrity of myelin sheaths. It should be pointed out however, that both of these changes are localized and do not extend along the entire length of an internode. This can be seen in longitudinal sections of affected nerve fibers (Fig. 4), and se ...
Mismatch Negativity: Different Water in the Same River
... (third waveform in fig. 1). Lavikainen et al. [1995] found two sources for the magnetic N1 response to such a change in frequency and suggested that these represented the normal N1 and an MMN, with the MMN occurring earlier than it would have if the frequency change had been part of a separate devia ...
... (third waveform in fig. 1). Lavikainen et al. [1995] found two sources for the magnetic N1 response to such a change in frequency and suggested that these represented the normal N1 and an MMN, with the MMN occurring earlier than it would have if the frequency change had been part of a separate devia ...
Acceleration of visually cued conditioned fear through the
... run on the data collected after either one or three fear conditioning sessions. The ANOVA on the data collected after one fear conditioning session showed a significant effect of group (F = 2.7, P = 0.05) and time (habituation versus cue; F = 87.1, P < 0.001) as well as a significant interaction bet ...
... run on the data collected after either one or three fear conditioning sessions. The ANOVA on the data collected after one fear conditioning session showed a significant effect of group (F = 2.7, P = 0.05) and time (habituation versus cue; F = 87.1, P < 0.001) as well as a significant interaction bet ...
Two Critical and Functionally Distinct Stages of Face and Body Perception
... Cortical regions that respond preferentially to particular object categories, such as faces and bodies, are essential for visual perception of these object categories. However, precisely when these regions play a causal role in recognition of their preferred categories is unclear. Here we addressed ...
... Cortical regions that respond preferentially to particular object categories, such as faces and bodies, are essential for visual perception of these object categories. However, precisely when these regions play a causal role in recognition of their preferred categories is unclear. Here we addressed ...
Central Lateral Line and Auditory Pathways: A Phylogenetic
... sound. The change from aquatic to terrestrial living was accompanied by the loss of lateral line mechanoreceptors in many amphibian species, and it was hypothesized (Larsell, 1934) that the incoming fibers of the newly evolved auditory receptors synapsed upon a portion of the medullary lateralis cen ...
... sound. The change from aquatic to terrestrial living was accompanied by the loss of lateral line mechanoreceptors in many amphibian species, and it was hypothesized (Larsell, 1934) that the incoming fibers of the newly evolved auditory receptors synapsed upon a portion of the medullary lateralis cen ...
Form representation in monkey inferotemporal cortex is virtually
... Object recognition in primates is thought to depend on neuronal activity in the inferotemporal cerebral cortex (IT)1,2, but most studies of IT neuronal responses have been done under restricted viewing and task conditions. Typically, non-human primates stare at a fixation point while isolated stimul ...
... Object recognition in primates is thought to depend on neuronal activity in the inferotemporal cerebral cortex (IT)1,2, but most studies of IT neuronal responses have been done under restricted viewing and task conditions. Typically, non-human primates stare at a fixation point while isolated stimul ...
Information processing in the cortex: The relevance of coherent oscillations for neuronal communication
... rents on pyramidal neurons, suggesting that interneuronal synchronization was mediated by fast recurrent excitation. Therefore, cholinergically induced fast network oscillations in the hippocampus appeared to be generated by a synaptic feedback circuit between pyramidal cells and perisomatic-targeti ...
... rents on pyramidal neurons, suggesting that interneuronal synchronization was mediated by fast recurrent excitation. Therefore, cholinergically induced fast network oscillations in the hippocampus appeared to be generated by a synaptic feedback circuit between pyramidal cells and perisomatic-targeti ...
Saccade performance in the nasal and temporal
... smooth pursuit the eye tends to overshoot the target’s position and velocity but after a very short time the eye follows the target closely, even if the target disappears for a moment. When the target stops, the velocity of the eye declines and the duration of the negative acceleration is rather con ...
... smooth pursuit the eye tends to overshoot the target’s position and velocity but after a very short time the eye follows the target closely, even if the target disappears for a moment. When the target stops, the velocity of the eye declines and the duration of the negative acceleration is rather con ...
Effects of galanin on wide-dynamic range neuron activity
... of 0.9% saline as control group; –d–: galantide 1 nmol. Data are presented as mean 1 S.E.M. The statistical difference between groups was evaluated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), ***P , 0.001 compared with the control group. ...
... of 0.9% saline as control group; –d–: galantide 1 nmol. Data are presented as mean 1 S.E.M. The statistical difference between groups was evaluated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), ***P , 0.001 compared with the control group. ...
Been There, Seen That: A Neural Mechanism for Performing
... started fixating the distractor did he realize his mistake. However, the fixation durations and distribution shapes were similar to the fixations made at previously fixated targets, so we assumed that these saccades were being made in the same way as saccades to previously fixated stimuli. It is pos ...
... started fixating the distractor did he realize his mistake. However, the fixation durations and distribution shapes were similar to the fixations made at previously fixated targets, so we assumed that these saccades were being made in the same way as saccades to previously fixated stimuli. It is pos ...
the primate amygdala: neuronal representations of
... Data analysis After cluster cutting of the spikes with Datawave software, the numbers of spikes of the single neuron in 80 time bins each 100 ms long starting at the onset of the stimulus were obtained using SPSS. Statistical analysis was performed on the numbers of spikes in the first 1 s period af ...
... Data analysis After cluster cutting of the spikes with Datawave software, the numbers of spikes of the single neuron in 80 time bins each 100 ms long starting at the onset of the stimulus were obtained using SPSS. Statistical analysis was performed on the numbers of spikes in the first 1 s period af ...
Review of signal distortion through metal microelectrode recording
... Signals were recorded using a MAP system (Plexon Inc., Dallas, TX) in which signals were passed through a first and second amplifier, which we refer to as a head-stage and a preamplifier, respectively, following the convention of the company that constructed it. After the amplifiers, signals are pas ...
... Signals were recorded using a MAP system (Plexon Inc., Dallas, TX) in which signals were passed through a first and second amplifier, which we refer to as a head-stage and a preamplifier, respectively, following the convention of the company that constructed it. After the amplifiers, signals are pas ...
REFLEXES I - michaeldmann.net
... depends upon that neuron and the receptors or channels it possesses not on the transmitter substance or the neuron that released it. Whether this behavior is also a characteristic of mammalian neurons is not yet certain. Nevertheless, the usual approach in neurophysiology has been to interpose an in ...
... depends upon that neuron and the receptors or channels it possesses not on the transmitter substance or the neuron that released it. Whether this behavior is also a characteristic of mammalian neurons is not yet certain. Nevertheless, the usual approach in neurophysiology has been to interpose an in ...
In 1978 Mountcastle hypothesized that the smallest functional unit of
... order to better assess the response to natural stimuli, the evoked spatio-temporal patterns in SI were also examined through in vivo experiments. Optical intrinsic signal (OIS) imaging was utilized in a number of in vivo experiments in order to assess minicolumn activity evoked by a number of differ ...
... order to better assess the response to natural stimuli, the evoked spatio-temporal patterns in SI were also examined through in vivo experiments. Optical intrinsic signal (OIS) imaging was utilized in a number of in vivo experiments in order to assess minicolumn activity evoked by a number of differ ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... Fibers from T5-L2 traveling in the thoracic splanchnic nerves Synapse in mainly the celiac & superior mesenteric ganglia Serve stomach, intestines (up to distal ½ of ...
... Fibers from T5-L2 traveling in the thoracic splanchnic nerves Synapse in mainly the celiac & superior mesenteric ganglia Serve stomach, intestines (up to distal ½ of ...
Time-Dependent Activation of Feed-Forward Inhibition in
... cells (Anderson et al. 2000; Borg-Graham et al. 1998; Hirsch et al. 1998). For such directionally selective cells, inhibition is activated by motion in the preferred direction in parallel with ...
... cells (Anderson et al. 2000; Borg-Graham et al. 1998; Hirsch et al. 1998). For such directionally selective cells, inhibition is activated by motion in the preferred direction in parallel with ...
ABSTRACT The Auditory Brainstem Response: History and Future
... pathway, it may be possible to determine the location of the problem. The methods of measuring and using the ABR have changed over the years as research has broadened understanding of how to interpret the output. The ABR is a powerful tool in measuring brain function, and it has been employed in man ...
... pathway, it may be possible to determine the location of the problem. The methods of measuring and using the ABR have changed over the years as research has broadened understanding of how to interpret the output. The ABR is a powerful tool in measuring brain function, and it has been employed in man ...