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Auditory Brain Development in Children With Hearing Loss– Part One
... homa Health Sciences Center signal of interest from competing noise—occurs in groups of and Salus University. Ms. Smith, neurons at all levels of the auditory nervous system. right, is a founder and the exFrom the primary auditory cortex, auditory signals travel to the ecutive director of Hearts for ...
... homa Health Sciences Center signal of interest from competing noise—occurs in groups of and Salus University. Ms. Smith, neurons at all levels of the auditory nervous system. right, is a founder and the exFrom the primary auditory cortex, auditory signals travel to the ecutive director of Hearts for ...
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... by the GCD receives input from type II auditory nerve fibers (Brown et al., 1988a; Hurd et al., 1999). These unmyelinated auditory nerve fibers most likely carry modulating signals or information about the status of the organ of Corti, because they originate from outer hair cells. The GCD also recei ...
... by the GCD receives input from type II auditory nerve fibers (Brown et al., 1988a; Hurd et al., 1999). These unmyelinated auditory nerve fibers most likely carry modulating signals or information about the status of the organ of Corti, because they originate from outer hair cells. The GCD also recei ...
Optimized Parallel Coding of Second
... X Chengjie G. Huang and X Maurice J. Chacron Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada ...
... X Chengjie G. Huang and X Maurice J. Chacron Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada ...
Visual Properties of Neurons in a Polysensory Area in Superior
... Most STP units, 70% of the 199 tested, had little or no preference for stimulus size, shape, orientation, or contrast. These nonselective units would respond similarly to spots and slits of light, to shadows, to slides and photographs of complex objects, and to three-dimensional objects. Many of the ...
... Most STP units, 70% of the 199 tested, had little or no preference for stimulus size, shape, orientation, or contrast. These nonselective units would respond similarly to spots and slits of light, to shadows, to slides and photographs of complex objects, and to three-dimensional objects. Many of the ...
Median Nerve Conduction Velocity
... originates from the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus of the spinal cord, specifically C5T1. The nerve runs parallel to the humerus in the brachial region and through the elbow joint where it enters the forearm between the pronator teres muscle and the biceps tendon. It courses along t ...
... originates from the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus of the spinal cord, specifically C5T1. The nerve runs parallel to the humerus in the brachial region and through the elbow joint where it enters the forearm between the pronator teres muscle and the biceps tendon. It courses along t ...
Computational principles underlying recognition
... basic structure—no additional prior assumptions were made. The optimal shapes of the filters and corresponding nonlinearities as well as the weight factors were found by a genetic learning algorithm (Mitchell 1998; Clemens and Ronacher 2013; Clemens and Hennig 2013). The algorithm started from a ran ...
... basic structure—no additional prior assumptions were made. The optimal shapes of the filters and corresponding nonlinearities as well as the weight factors were found by a genetic learning algorithm (Mitchell 1998; Clemens and Ronacher 2013; Clemens and Hennig 2013). The algorithm started from a ran ...
different sensory modalities
... • there are many areas in the brain in which multiple sensory afferents converge • there are colliculus neurons that respond vigorously to low intensity auditory stimulus, but if the animal can’t see the visual stimulus the response is suppressed • the colliculus is an apt structure to study interac ...
... • there are many areas in the brain in which multiple sensory afferents converge • there are colliculus neurons that respond vigorously to low intensity auditory stimulus, but if the animal can’t see the visual stimulus the response is suppressed • the colliculus is an apt structure to study interac ...
Organization of Inhibitory Frequency Receptive Fields in Cat Primary
... method was robust, yielding comparable results across repeated measures (see Table 3 of Sutter and Schreiner 1991). ...
... method was robust, yielding comparable results across repeated measures (see Table 3 of Sutter and Schreiner 1991). ...
Preferred visually evoked spatial and temporal frequencies in
... with preferences found for the same units during anesthesia. This was done by measuring single unit activity using chronically implanted electrodes while the alert rat was presented stimuli of different spatial or temporal frequencies. The same experiments were repeated during anesthesia. The result ...
... with preferences found for the same units during anesthesia. This was done by measuring single unit activity using chronically implanted electrodes while the alert rat was presented stimuli of different spatial or temporal frequencies. The same experiments were repeated during anesthesia. The result ...
EGardner-pain path g..
... Craig AD. How do you feel? Intero-ception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 3: 655-666, 2002 Apkarian AV, Bushnell MC, Treede R-D, Zubieta J-K. Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease. Eur J Pain 9: 463-484, 2005 ...
... Craig AD. How do you feel? Intero-ception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 3: 655-666, 2002 Apkarian AV, Bushnell MC, Treede R-D, Zubieta J-K. Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease. Eur J Pain 9: 463-484, 2005 ...
Computation by Oscillations: Implications of Experimental Data
... Clampfit 10.0, MATLAB, and Excel were used for data analysis. Overall, the data did not show a Gaussian distribution and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test function ‘‘kstest2’’ in MATLAB was used to test differences between two data samples (e.g., dorsal vs. ventral). P-values less than 0.05 were considere ...
... Clampfit 10.0, MATLAB, and Excel were used for data analysis. Overall, the data did not show a Gaussian distribution and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test function ‘‘kstest2’’ in MATLAB was used to test differences between two data samples (e.g., dorsal vs. ventral). P-values less than 0.05 were considere ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... • The sympathetic division can override these effects during times of stress • Drugs that block parasympathetic responses increase heart rate and block fecal and urinary retention ...
... • The sympathetic division can override these effects during times of stress • Drugs that block parasympathetic responses increase heart rate and block fecal and urinary retention ...
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... However, it was unknown whether feedback neurons change their response behavior during olfactory learning. In the honeybee MB, the individual, identi®ed MB output neuron, PE1, undergoes modulations of its odor responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauels ...
... However, it was unknown whether feedback neurons change their response behavior during olfactory learning. In the honeybee MB, the individual, identi®ed MB output neuron, PE1, undergoes modulations of its odor responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauels ...
NAlab07_AuditVest
... longitudinal fasciculus, a brain stem pathway located just beneath the floor of the ventricular system close to the midline. The vestibular nuclei project to the extraocular motor nuclei via the rostral part of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The medial longitudinal fasciculus caudal to the ves ...
... longitudinal fasciculus, a brain stem pathway located just beneath the floor of the ventricular system close to the midline. The vestibular nuclei project to the extraocular motor nuclei via the rostral part of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The medial longitudinal fasciculus caudal to the ves ...
Auditory and Vestibular Systems Objective • To learn the functional
... longitudinal fasciculus, a brain stem pathway located just beneath the floor of the ventricular system close to the midline. The vestibular nuclei project to the extraocular motor nuclei via the rostral part of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The medial longitudinal fasciculus caudal to the ves ...
... longitudinal fasciculus, a brain stem pathway located just beneath the floor of the ventricular system close to the midline. The vestibular nuclei project to the extraocular motor nuclei via the rostral part of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The medial longitudinal fasciculus caudal to the ves ...
Corticofugal Amplification of Subcortical Responses to Single Tone
... different by ú0.2 kHz), and reduce the responses of subcortical neurons tuned to other frequencies (different by ú0.2 kHz). This means that single subcortical neurons receive positive feedback from one or a few cortical minicolumns, and receive lateral inhibition from many, perhaps, all other minico ...
... different by ú0.2 kHz), and reduce the responses of subcortical neurons tuned to other frequencies (different by ú0.2 kHz). This means that single subcortical neurons receive positive feedback from one or a few cortical minicolumns, and receive lateral inhibition from many, perhaps, all other minico ...
The effect of learning on the face selective responses of neurons in
... Amari 1977; Grossberg 1987). However, most of these studies are theoretical or are performed by computer simulation, and there have been few studies of how in the real nervous system neurons might alter in their relative responsiveness to different stimuli in order to provide across a population of ...
... Amari 1977; Grossberg 1987). However, most of these studies are theoretical or are performed by computer simulation, and there have been few studies of how in the real nervous system neurons might alter in their relative responsiveness to different stimuli in order to provide across a population of ...
“Black” Responses Dominate Macaque Primary Visual Cortex
... After the animal was killed, it was perfused through the heart with 1 L of heparinized saline (0.01 M PBS) followed by 2–3 L of fixative (4% paraformaldehyde, 0.25% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer). After the brain was blocked and sectioned at 50 m, the lesions were initially located in un ...
... After the animal was killed, it was perfused through the heart with 1 L of heparinized saline (0.01 M PBS) followed by 2–3 L of fixative (4% paraformaldehyde, 0.25% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer). After the brain was blocked and sectioned at 50 m, the lesions were initially located in un ...
Sensory uncertainty decoded from visual cortex
... sensory uncertainty could reliably be estimated from human visual cortex and, moreover, that observers appeared to use knowledge of this uncertainty in their perceptual decisions. The information that the brain receives from the senses is typically consistent with a range of possible stimulus values ...
... sensory uncertainty could reliably be estimated from human visual cortex and, moreover, that observers appeared to use knowledge of this uncertainty in their perceptual decisions. The information that the brain receives from the senses is typically consistent with a range of possible stimulus values ...
Behavioral verification of associative learning in whisker
... in the level of freezing during CS presentations are used to infer alterations in the acquisition or expression of CS fear. Many reports suggest that fear conditioning is a direct function of the intensity of the UCS. For example, Morris and Bouton (2006) observed that the point in conditioning trai ...
... in the level of freezing during CS presentations are used to infer alterations in the acquisition or expression of CS fear. Many reports suggest that fear conditioning is a direct function of the intensity of the UCS. For example, Morris and Bouton (2006) observed that the point in conditioning trai ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Cortical Auditory Adaptation
... frequency was calculated by averaging the firing rate value of each 10 ms bin during a 300 ms time window preceding auditory stimuli (between 50 and 100 trials, 15--30 s intertrial interval). The peak frequency (2 ms bins) of the subsequently evoked auditory responses (50 ms, 80--90 dB) was also meas ...
... frequency was calculated by averaging the firing rate value of each 10 ms bin during a 300 ms time window preceding auditory stimuli (between 50 and 100 trials, 15--30 s intertrial interval). The peak frequency (2 ms bins) of the subsequently evoked auditory responses (50 ms, 80--90 dB) was also meas ...