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Neural correlates for perception of 3d surface orientation from texture
... perceive depth from texture gradient. Although psychophysical studies suggest that humans perceive depth from texture gradient (15–17 ), there are few data to suggest that animals, including monkeys, perceive depth from texture gradient as humans do. This behavioral control is important, because tex ...
... perceive depth from texture gradient. Although psychophysical studies suggest that humans perceive depth from texture gradient (15–17 ), there are few data to suggest that animals, including monkeys, perceive depth from texture gradient as humans do. This behavioral control is important, because tex ...
Input-driven components of spike-frequency adaptation can be
... receptor neurons in the auditory nerve of adult Locusta migratoria. The tympanic hearing organ of these animals is located in the first abdominal segment above the coxa of the hindlegs. The somata of the receptor neurons are contained in the auditory ganglion on the inner side of the tympanum. Each ...
... receptor neurons in the auditory nerve of adult Locusta migratoria. The tympanic hearing organ of these animals is located in the first abdominal segment above the coxa of the hindlegs. The somata of the receptor neurons are contained in the auditory ganglion on the inner side of the tympanum. Each ...
21. Basal ganglion
... They are corpus striatum; amygdaloid nucleus and claustrum. Its major components are caudate nucleus; putamen and globus pallidus . These structures are involved in the control of posture and movement. They are sometimes referred to anatomically as the corpus striatum but clinically, as basal gangli ...
... They are corpus striatum; amygdaloid nucleus and claustrum. Its major components are caudate nucleus; putamen and globus pallidus . These structures are involved in the control of posture and movement. They are sometimes referred to anatomically as the corpus striatum but clinically, as basal gangli ...
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... was performed to ensure ease of breathing throughout the experiment. Primary auditory cortex and several nearby auditory fields were exposed via craniotomy and durotomy. Four parylene-coated tungsten microelectrodes (1–2 MΩ) were simultaneously lowered to layer IV of right primary auditory cortex (∼6 ...
... was performed to ensure ease of breathing throughout the experiment. Primary auditory cortex and several nearby auditory fields were exposed via craniotomy and durotomy. Four parylene-coated tungsten microelectrodes (1–2 MΩ) were simultaneously lowered to layer IV of right primary auditory cortex (∼6 ...
Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene
... that was rescued by expression of exogenous Kiaa0319 (Paracchini et al. 2006). Control transfection animals received a scrambled sequence control of Kiaa0319 shRNA, also previously used, that contained 6 bases in the sequence scrambled to render the shRNA inactive in terms of reducing Kiaa0319 expre ...
... that was rescued by expression of exogenous Kiaa0319 (Paracchini et al. 2006). Control transfection animals received a scrambled sequence control of Kiaa0319 shRNA, also previously used, that contained 6 bases in the sequence scrambled to render the shRNA inactive in terms of reducing Kiaa0319 expre ...
Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene
... that was rescued by expression of exogenous Kiaa0319 (Paracchini et al. 2006). Control transfection animals received a scrambled sequence control of Kiaa0319 shRNA, also previously used, that contained 6 bases in the sequence scrambled to render the shRNA inactive in terms of reducing Kiaa0319 expre ...
... that was rescued by expression of exogenous Kiaa0319 (Paracchini et al. 2006). Control transfection animals received a scrambled sequence control of Kiaa0319 shRNA, also previously used, that contained 6 bases in the sequence scrambled to render the shRNA inactive in terms of reducing Kiaa0319 expre ...
see p. D20 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... Myopathies (↓number of muscle fibers in individual motor units; number of motor units is normal): – myopathic potentials - ↓duration & amplitude (i.e. recruitment density is normal, but envelope amplitude is reduced); pathognomonic finding of myopathy: full recruitment in weak, wasted muscle. – ↑inc ...
... Myopathies (↓number of muscle fibers in individual motor units; number of motor units is normal): – myopathic potentials - ↓duration & amplitude (i.e. recruitment density is normal, but envelope amplitude is reduced); pathognomonic finding of myopathy: full recruitment in weak, wasted muscle. – ↑inc ...
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... natural circuitry by perturbing the circuitry to generate percepts (Stanley, 2013). The ability to perturb activity within a system can provide important insights into the contribution of its components. Several previous studies have shown that animals can detect a focal stimulation of A1 with a wea ...
... natural circuitry by perturbing the circuitry to generate percepts (Stanley, 2013). The ability to perturb activity within a system can provide important insights into the contribution of its components. Several previous studies have shown that animals can detect a focal stimulation of A1 with a wea ...
Integration of Visual and Auditory Information by Superior Temporal
... Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17:3, pp. 377–391 ...
... Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17:3, pp. 377–391 ...
NIPS/Dec99/notebook3
... input, has a focal projection to the clusters region whereas areas 1 and 2 project mostly to regions surrounding the clusters zone, which receives cutaneous and proprioceptive inputs. The corticonuclear pathway has at least two components, 1) corticonuclear cells whose axons do not reach the spinal ...
... input, has a focal projection to the clusters region whereas areas 1 and 2 project mostly to regions surrounding the clusters zone, which receives cutaneous and proprioceptive inputs. The corticonuclear pathway has at least two components, 1) corticonuclear cells whose axons do not reach the spinal ...
Cortical mechanisms of sensory learning and object recognition
... leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morphs taken from Freedman et al. (2003); face views taken from Eifuku et al. (2004). Selectivity can be increased by raising thresh ...
... leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morphs taken from Freedman et al. (2003); face views taken from Eifuku et al. (2004). Selectivity can be increased by raising thresh ...
Pathophysiology of Paresthesia
... respond selectively to noxious stimuli conveyed by Aδ- and C-fibers. Wide dynamic range neurons excited both by noxious and non-noxious stimuli, receive both large-myelinated A -fibers as well as Aδ- and C-fibers. Wide dynamic range neurons can encode and project different types of sensory informati ...
... respond selectively to noxious stimuli conveyed by Aδ- and C-fibers. Wide dynamic range neurons excited both by noxious and non-noxious stimuli, receive both large-myelinated A -fibers as well as Aδ- and C-fibers. Wide dynamic range neurons can encode and project different types of sensory informati ...
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... “primary-like”, “onset” and some other discharge patterns resembling those produced by natural sound stimuli. Unlike cells in the VCN, principal cells (pyramidal, giant) of the dorsal CN did not follow the stimulating pulses even at low rates. Instead, they often showed “pauser” and “build-up” patte ...
... “primary-like”, “onset” and some other discharge patterns resembling those produced by natural sound stimuli. Unlike cells in the VCN, principal cells (pyramidal, giant) of the dorsal CN did not follow the stimulating pulses even at low rates. Instead, they often showed “pauser” and “build-up” patte ...
Visual Fields in Ophthalmology - New York Eye and Ear Infirmary
... staircase strategy, with one reversal/crossing of threshold for most locations • Threshold values for 4 points used to determine adjacent points where only one reversal with 4 dB steps performed • If estimated threshold value departs from expected value (based on neighboring points) by > 12 dB, then ...
... staircase strategy, with one reversal/crossing of threshold for most locations • Threshold values for 4 points used to determine adjacent points where only one reversal with 4 dB steps performed • If estimated threshold value departs from expected value (based on neighboring points) by > 12 dB, then ...
Meaningful auditory information enhances perception of visual
... stimulus). Blue, red, and green symbols indicate, respectively, experimental conditions of vision alone, audio soundtrack added in synchrony, and audio soundtrack added out of synchrony. The continuous lines are the best-fitting cumulative Gaussian curves to the data (50 trials/data point). Sensitivi ...
... stimulus). Blue, red, and green symbols indicate, respectively, experimental conditions of vision alone, audio soundtrack added in synchrony, and audio soundtrack added out of synchrony. The continuous lines are the best-fitting cumulative Gaussian curves to the data (50 trials/data point). Sensitivi ...
Wind Direction Coding in the Cockroach Escape Response: Winner
... measurements somewhat underestimated the movements of the CF joints of the front legs, because these front legs are held at an angle oblique to the view of the camera. We transformed these data into a single parameter that could describe turn direction. For this, we combined the data from all six le ...
... measurements somewhat underestimated the movements of the CF joints of the front legs, because these front legs are held at an angle oblique to the view of the camera. We transformed these data into a single parameter that could describe turn direction. For this, we combined the data from all six le ...
Alterations to multisensory and unisensory integration by stimulus
... and within-modal blocks. Figure 1 illustrates the difference between simple and competing stimulus configurations. An interstimulus interval of 5– 6.5 s was used to minimize habituation. Data acquisition and analysis. Custom software was used to acquire raw data waveforms and impulses from single ne ...
... and within-modal blocks. Figure 1 illustrates the difference between simple and competing stimulus configurations. An interstimulus interval of 5– 6.5 s was used to minimize habituation. Data acquisition and analysis. Custom software was used to acquire raw data waveforms and impulses from single ne ...
Nineteen
... for the head. They also were mentioned in Chapter 8 in connection with the central connections of the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves, The general sensory pathways are said to consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary neurons, with cell bodies in sensory ganglia, the spinal ...
... for the head. They also were mentioned in Chapter 8 in connection with the central connections of the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves, The general sensory pathways are said to consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary neurons, with cell bodies in sensory ganglia, the spinal ...
Cranial nerves III, IV,VI and Visual Pathway
... approximately 12 mm wide, 8 mm long in the anteroposterior direction, and 4 mm thick. • The exact location of the chiasma with respect to the sella is variable. Most of the time it is directly superior ...
... approximately 12 mm wide, 8 mm long in the anteroposterior direction, and 4 mm thick. • The exact location of the chiasma with respect to the sella is variable. Most of the time it is directly superior ...
Cholinergic modulation of synaptic properties of cortical layer VI
... other thalamic nuclei as well. The functional role of cholinergic modulation of corticothalamic synapses might be to enhance the dynamic gain control mechanism previously proposed for the corticothalamic feedback (Lindström and Wróbel 1990, Granseth et al. 2002, Granseth 2004). According to this hyp ...
... other thalamic nuclei as well. The functional role of cholinergic modulation of corticothalamic synapses might be to enhance the dynamic gain control mechanism previously proposed for the corticothalamic feedback (Lindström and Wróbel 1990, Granseth et al. 2002, Granseth 2004). According to this hyp ...
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... mechanism. We made an initial attempt to describe this mechanism by estimating its impulse response to the underlying neural activity. Correlation analysis was applied to both the measurements conducted during visual stimulation and the measurements of spontaneous activity. In either case, the input ...
... mechanism. We made an initial attempt to describe this mechanism by estimating its impulse response to the underlying neural activity. Correlation analysis was applied to both the measurements conducted during visual stimulation and the measurements of spontaneous activity. In either case, the input ...
Comparison of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
... receptors help the hypothalamus to regulate hunger and thirst. Visceral afferent fibers are small-diameter, myelinated and unmyelinated axons that exhibit slow conduction velocity. Some first-order visceral afferent fibers project only as far as the peripheral ganglia while others project into the s ...
... receptors help the hypothalamus to regulate hunger and thirst. Visceral afferent fibers are small-diameter, myelinated and unmyelinated axons that exhibit slow conduction velocity. Some first-order visceral afferent fibers project only as far as the peripheral ganglia while others project into the s ...
Skeletal System
... sweaty skin; and dilated eyes are signs Also changes in brain wave patterns Its function is to provide the optimal conditions for an appropriate response to some threat (run / see / think) ...
... sweaty skin; and dilated eyes are signs Also changes in brain wave patterns Its function is to provide the optimal conditions for an appropriate response to some threat (run / see / think) ...