A Biologically Plausible Spiking Neuron Model of Fear Conditioning
... The single neuron model used in the fear conditioning circuit presented here is the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neuron. While the NEF can support a wide variety of neural models, there are advantages to choosing LIF neurons: they capture a sufficient level of biological detail, and at the same ti ...
... The single neuron model used in the fear conditioning circuit presented here is the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neuron. While the NEF can support a wide variety of neural models, there are advantages to choosing LIF neurons: they capture a sufficient level of biological detail, and at the same ti ...
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception SW
... information is critical to our survival, there is so much information available at any given time that we would be overwhelmed if we were forced to attend to all of it. In fact, we are aware of only a fraction of the sensory information taken in by our sensory systems at any given time. This chapter ...
... information is critical to our survival, there is so much information available at any given time that we would be overwhelmed if we were forced to attend to all of it. In fact, we are aware of only a fraction of the sensory information taken in by our sensory systems at any given time. This chapter ...
Document
... • Mixed nerves – carry somatic and autonomic (visceral) impulses • The four types of mixed nerves are: – Somatic afferent and somatic efferent – Visceral afferent and visceral efferent ...
... • Mixed nerves – carry somatic and autonomic (visceral) impulses • The four types of mixed nerves are: – Somatic afferent and somatic efferent – Visceral afferent and visceral efferent ...
Visualizing vocal perception in the chimpanzee
... has implicated the right posterior temporal lobe in the processing of affective prosody of speech (Wildgruber et al. 2005; Ethofer et al. 2006). In addition, a right hemisphere lateralization of function has been reported for the detection of emotional prosody when compared with the detection of ver ...
... has implicated the right posterior temporal lobe in the processing of affective prosody of speech (Wildgruber et al. 2005; Ethofer et al. 2006). In addition, a right hemisphere lateralization of function has been reported for the detection of emotional prosody when compared with the detection of ver ...
Delineation of a frequency-organized region isolated from the
... Auditory stimuli. Tones were made by a computer using a customwritten LabVIEW program (National Instruments, Austin, TX) at a sampling rate of 500 kHz. Courtship songs of a male mouse, emitted when he was placed with a familiar female mouse in estrous in the same cage, were recorded using the record ...
... Auditory stimuli. Tones were made by a computer using a customwritten LabVIEW program (National Instruments, Austin, TX) at a sampling rate of 500 kHz. Courtship songs of a male mouse, emitted when he was placed with a familiar female mouse in estrous in the same cage, were recorded using the record ...
Neural correlates of odor learning in the honeybee antennal lobe
... throughout the text, recognizing that such ‘units’ may well receive spikes from more than one neuron, possibly two (and in rare cases even three) very closely attached neurons. We included into our analysis only such recordings that were stable with respect to the spike waveforms over the whole time ...
... throughout the text, recognizing that such ‘units’ may well receive spikes from more than one neuron, possibly two (and in rare cases even three) very closely attached neurons. We included into our analysis only such recordings that were stable with respect to the spike waveforms over the whole time ...
Rules Ventral Prefrontal Cortical Axons Use to Reach Their Targets
... the following way. Fiber bundles were outlined using a 4.0 or 6.4 objective and Neurolucida software (MBF Bioscience). Some individual fibers within each bundle were charted at higher magnification (10⫻) to indicate directionality. For each case, a stack of 2D coronal sections was created from its N ...
... the following way. Fiber bundles were outlined using a 4.0 or 6.4 objective and Neurolucida software (MBF Bioscience). Some individual fibers within each bundle were charted at higher magnification (10⫻) to indicate directionality. For each case, a stack of 2D coronal sections was created from its N ...
neuroanatomy - NC State Veterinary Medicine
... commissure-pupillary light reflex pathway. The nucleus is located at the ventrolateral edge of the periaqueductal gray matter. The radices pass ventrolaterally and join with radices from the oculomotor nucleus within the substance of the brain. These efferent GVE fibers synapse in the ciliary gangli ...
... commissure-pupillary light reflex pathway. The nucleus is located at the ventrolateral edge of the periaqueductal gray matter. The radices pass ventrolaterally and join with radices from the oculomotor nucleus within the substance of the brain. These efferent GVE fibers synapse in the ciliary gangli ...
Visual behaviour mediated by retinal projections directed to the
... visual cortex: cells in rewired Al display visual properties such as orientation selectivity and direction selectivity7, and they encode a two-dimensional map of visual space6 and of orientation-selective cells19. We investigated whether activation of the crossmodal projection evokes visual or audit ...
... visual cortex: cells in rewired Al display visual properties such as orientation selectivity and direction selectivity7, and they encode a two-dimensional map of visual space6 and of orientation-selective cells19. We investigated whether activation of the crossmodal projection evokes visual or audit ...
input output - Brian Nils Lundstrom
... “The Response of Single Neurons to Varying Stimulus Statistics” by Brian Lundstrom Three types of steady state neuron responses First, we considered the case when the time-varying stimuli had steady state stimulus statistics, that is, how action potential generation depended on the stimulus’s stati ...
... “The Response of Single Neurons to Varying Stimulus Statistics” by Brian Lundstrom Three types of steady state neuron responses First, we considered the case when the time-varying stimuli had steady state stimulus statistics, that is, how action potential generation depended on the stimulus’s stati ...
Sensory feedback for upper limb prostheses
... intrafusal muscles. While these afferents are clearly needed for controlling muscle length, their role in perception is less clear since they do not seem to carry accurate measurements of joint angle and velocity (Dimitriou and Edin, 2008). However, there is convincing evidence that some aspect of j ...
... intrafusal muscles. While these afferents are clearly needed for controlling muscle length, their role in perception is less clear since they do not seem to carry accurate measurements of joint angle and velocity (Dimitriou and Edin, 2008). However, there is convincing evidence that some aspect of j ...
No Binocular Rivalry in the LGN of Alert Macaque Monkeys
... Data analysis Analysis focused on power spectra of neural responses rather than peristimulus time histograms. This was because the timing of binocular rivalry effects within each trial was expected to be random with respect to stimulus onset time. Therefore, pooling data from multiple trials in a PS ...
... Data analysis Analysis focused on power spectra of neural responses rather than peristimulus time histograms. This was because the timing of binocular rivalry effects within each trial was expected to be random with respect to stimulus onset time. Therefore, pooling data from multiple trials in a PS ...
The Biological Bases of Time-to
... Over the years several investigators have claimed that they have encountered cells that respond specifically to objects approaching the eye on a direct collision course. For example, as early as 1976 Grüsser and Grüsser-Cornehls (1976) and later Ewert (1984) reported that some frog and toad tectal n ...
... Over the years several investigators have claimed that they have encountered cells that respond specifically to objects approaching the eye on a direct collision course. For example, as early as 1976 Grüsser and Grüsser-Cornehls (1976) and later Ewert (1984) reported that some frog and toad tectal n ...
LECTURE OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
... The axons of these cells leave the spinal cord in the anterior roots, nerve trunk ,ventral ramus of the corresponding spinal nerve . Finally ,the preganglionic fibers leave the ventral ramus as the white rami communicantes to the ganglia of the ...
... The axons of these cells leave the spinal cord in the anterior roots, nerve trunk ,ventral ramus of the corresponding spinal nerve . Finally ,the preganglionic fibers leave the ventral ramus as the white rami communicantes to the ganglia of the ...
Ulanovsky et al., 2003
... trials did not alter the effects on forward suppression. Overall, we conclude that cortical inhibition does regulate forward suppression, and that Sst+ interneurons control the strength of forward suppression, potentially influencing the detectability of later stimuli, whereas Pvalb+ interneurons re ...
... trials did not alter the effects on forward suppression. Overall, we conclude that cortical inhibition does regulate forward suppression, and that Sst+ interneurons control the strength of forward suppression, potentially influencing the detectability of later stimuli, whereas Pvalb+ interneurons re ...
Serotonin 1B Receptor Modulates Frequency Response Curves and
... (Schuller 1997), positioned in the ear contralateral to the recording electrode, or a midline freefield speaker (Infinity Emit B, Harman International Industries; Woodbury, NY). The frequency response of the custom-made earphone was flat ⫾6 dB from 10 to 120 kHz with harmonic distortions ⱖ34 dB belo ...
... (Schuller 1997), positioned in the ear contralateral to the recording electrode, or a midline freefield speaker (Infinity Emit B, Harman International Industries; Woodbury, NY). The frequency response of the custom-made earphone was flat ⫾6 dB from 10 to 120 kHz with harmonic distortions ⱖ34 dB belo ...
DanielBearMCB105 Research Proposal
... unambiguous conditions is not true operant conditioning: at the behavioral level, perceiving one of two possible images is different than simply looking at a fixed image; and at the cellular level, the two situations evoke different neuronal responses, with some neurons active when an image is displ ...
... unambiguous conditions is not true operant conditioning: at the behavioral level, perceiving one of two possible images is different than simply looking at a fixed image; and at the cellular level, the two situations evoke different neuronal responses, with some neurons active when an image is displ ...
Interactions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and
... to a degree. Five years ago, a vertebrate hypothalamic neuropeptide that inhibited pituitary gonadotropin release in a dose-dependent manner was discovered in quail by Tsutsui et al. (2000. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 275:661–667). We now know that this inhibitory peptide, named gonadotropin-inhibito ...
... to a degree. Five years ago, a vertebrate hypothalamic neuropeptide that inhibited pituitary gonadotropin release in a dose-dependent manner was discovered in quail by Tsutsui et al. (2000. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 275:661–667). We now know that this inhibitory peptide, named gonadotropin-inhibito ...
For the price of a song:
... can predict a Label (FL) or a Label can predict the Features of a tone (LF). When a tone predicts a label (FL), the tone’s various frequencies compete as predictive cues to that label, leading to competitive discrimination learning (d). However, when a label predicts a tone (LF), no competition can ...
... can predict a Label (FL) or a Label can predict the Features of a tone (LF). When a tone predicts a label (FL), the tone’s various frequencies compete as predictive cues to that label, leading to competitive discrimination learning (d). However, when a label predicts a tone (LF), no competition can ...
Neural Mechanisms of Bias and Sensitivity in Hiroshi Nishida Muneyoshi Takahashi
... steeper. Such a shift is indicative of improved sensitivity of the information processing. The LATER model has been shown to predict reaction-time distributions in accordance to bias and sensitivity manipulations, thus providing a reliable approach to investigating cumulative decision mechanisms. Su ...
... steeper. Such a shift is indicative of improved sensitivity of the information processing. The LATER model has been shown to predict reaction-time distributions in accordance to bias and sensitivity manipulations, thus providing a reliable approach to investigating cumulative decision mechanisms. Su ...
Document
... presented in Fig. 4. On the left are the single cell information measures for all top (4th) layer neurons ranked in order of their invariance to the faces, while on the right are the multiple cell information measures. Results are presented for the network trained with the trace rule (4) or the Hebb ...
... presented in Fig. 4. On the left are the single cell information measures for all top (4th) layer neurons ranked in order of their invariance to the faces, while on the right are the multiple cell information measures. Results are presented for the network trained with the trace rule (4) or the Hebb ...
Neuroanatomy
... They go to the molecular layer and synapse with parkinje cells Note: each parkinje cell synapse with ONE climbing fiber ,but one climbing fiber may synapse with up to 10 parkinje cells . The climbing fibers are coming from olivary nuclei . ...
... They go to the molecular layer and synapse with parkinje cells Note: each parkinje cell synapse with ONE climbing fiber ,but one climbing fiber may synapse with up to 10 parkinje cells . The climbing fibers are coming from olivary nuclei . ...
Features of Neuronal Synchrony in Mouse Visual Cortex
... were consistently flat, quantification was carried out using raw correlograms without subtraction of shift-predictors. For quantification of the correlogram modulation, a damped cosine (Gabor) function was fitted to the correlograms (König 1994). The fitted function had to account for ⱖ15% of the d ...
... were consistently flat, quantification was carried out using raw correlograms without subtraction of shift-predictors. For quantification of the correlogram modulation, a damped cosine (Gabor) function was fitted to the correlograms (König 1994). The fitted function had to account for ⱖ15% of the d ...