Lab 1 Oscilloscope Waves and Speed of Light
... Have the instructor explain something about how the diode laser is being modulated, and why the DC offset shouldn’t just be turned to maximum to get the largest modulation signal. Write down an explanation of the diode laser modulation in your lab notebook. Discuss with the instructor (as a class) w ...
... Have the instructor explain something about how the diode laser is being modulated, and why the DC offset shouldn’t just be turned to maximum to get the largest modulation signal. Write down an explanation of the diode laser modulation in your lab notebook. Discuss with the instructor (as a class) w ...
Measuring the Hyperfine Splittings of Lowest Energy Atomic
... unstable excited state that, in the case of ruby, quickly decays down to a metastable state through non-radiative transitions, giving off energy to the crystal lattice (Figure 2). The metastable state is named as such due to its particularly long lifetime before decaying. This long lifetime is due t ...
... unstable excited state that, in the case of ruby, quickly decays down to a metastable state through non-radiative transitions, giving off energy to the crystal lattice (Figure 2). The metastable state is named as such due to its particularly long lifetime before decaying. This long lifetime is due t ...
54_1.PDF
... accelerate electrons up to 100 MeV using VULCAN, a 100 J laser that delivers energetic laser pulses of 1 ps every 20 min [10]. This encouraging experiment boosted research in this field raising the question how this mechanism can be optimized regarding the energy as well as the collimation of the ge ...
... accelerate electrons up to 100 MeV using VULCAN, a 100 J laser that delivers energetic laser pulses of 1 ps every 20 min [10]. This encouraging experiment boosted research in this field raising the question how this mechanism can be optimized regarding the energy as well as the collimation of the ge ...
l .22 `"3: ` 20 29$
... illustrated generally at 60. The outer walls of the wave A microwave generator is provided in which at least guide 60 and the outer cylindrical conductors of the two transmission lines are connected at intervals along coaxial lines 34, 36, 38 and 40 are all at the same refer the length of a wave gui ...
... illustrated generally at 60. The outer walls of the wave A microwave generator is provided in which at least guide 60 and the outer cylindrical conductors of the two transmission lines are connected at intervals along coaxial lines 34, 36, 38 and 40 are all at the same refer the length of a wave gui ...
Interferences of Ultrashort Free Electron Wave Packets
... Fig. 1(d). It can be shown analytically that the shape of the wave packet eventually converges to the photoelectron spectrum taken on a spatial scale [compare Figs. 1(b) and 1(e)]. Accordingly, the different arrival times at the detector translate into the spectrum measured in a time-offlight photoe ...
... Fig. 1(d). It can be shown analytically that the shape of the wave packet eventually converges to the photoelectron spectrum taken on a spatial scale [compare Figs. 1(b) and 1(e)]. Accordingly, the different arrival times at the detector translate into the spectrum measured in a time-offlight photoe ...
lab sheet - Faculty of Engineering
... beam direction and the normal to the surface of the microscope slide. The plane defined by these two directions is called the plane of incidence. 5) Attached the detector to a modified target assembly (TA-II). The detector has to follow the beam on the table to measure the reflected power. 6) Starti ...
... beam direction and the normal to the surface of the microscope slide. The plane defined by these two directions is called the plane of incidence. 5) Attached the detector to a modified target assembly (TA-II). The detector has to follow the beam on the table to measure the reflected power. 6) Starti ...
Optically Pumped Solid-State Lasers
... 8.6 The Nd:YAG Laser YAG has a combination of desirable properties as a host medium for Nd3+ ions: it has relatively high thermal conductivity, which allows it to disperse the waste heat from the optical pumping process; it has high mechanical strength, and can be grown as crystals of large size wit ...
... 8.6 The Nd:YAG Laser YAG has a combination of desirable properties as a host medium for Nd3+ ions: it has relatively high thermal conductivity, which allows it to disperse the waste heat from the optical pumping process; it has high mechanical strength, and can be grown as crystals of large size wit ...
RE: [interferometry] Re: LUPI - Shack variation Ric: The original
... -------------------------------------------We have several shack cubes. Each has a different coating on the reference surface to match a specific test arrangement, e.g. coated vs. uncoated.. As you may know, fringe contrast is a challenge in the Shack. It’s tough to find a coating to match a specifi ...
... -------------------------------------------We have several shack cubes. Each has a different coating on the reference surface to match a specific test arrangement, e.g. coated vs. uncoated.. As you may know, fringe contrast is a challenge in the Shack. It’s tough to find a coating to match a specifi ...
A compact laser head with high-frequency stability for Rb atomic
... measured sensitivity of the Doppler-free resonance frequencies to variations of selected parameters, which are in good agreement with the values reported in previous studies29,30 for more elaborated setups. Table II also gives the resulting frequency drifts of the stabilized laser, calculated from t ...
... measured sensitivity of the Doppler-free resonance frequencies to variations of selected parameters, which are in good agreement with the values reported in previous studies29,30 for more elaborated setups. Table II also gives the resulting frequency drifts of the stabilized laser, calculated from t ...
Chapter 7- Components of Optical Instruments
... air-filled arc lamps containing argon, xenon, or mercury serve when a particularly intense source is required. For the visible region of the spectra, the tungsten filament lamp is used almost universally. The common infrared sources are inert solids heated to 1500 to 2000k, a temperature at which th ...
... air-filled arc lamps containing argon, xenon, or mercury serve when a particularly intense source is required. For the visible region of the spectra, the tungsten filament lamp is used almost universally. The common infrared sources are inert solids heated to 1500 to 2000k, a temperature at which th ...
(III) Laser Detection of Wave Motion in Solids
... must amplify the light and confine it to one propagation direction. Suppose that we are able to guide light along one narrow column of a certain length in a laser medium. (For example, we can confine light using the concept of total internal reflection, as described in the following section.) Since ...
... must amplify the light and confine it to one propagation direction. Suppose that we are able to guide light along one narrow column of a certain length in a laser medium. (For example, we can confine light using the concept of total internal reflection, as described in the following section.) Since ...
E. Ippen
... Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors are used to mode-lock a wide range of both solid-state and fiber lasers. Recent investigations by our group into the nonlinear dynamics of such mirrors have revealed the presence of two-photon absorption (TPA) and nonlinear free-carrier absorption (FCA) at fl ...
... Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors are used to mode-lock a wide range of both solid-state and fiber lasers. Recent investigations by our group into the nonlinear dynamics of such mirrors have revealed the presence of two-photon absorption (TPA) and nonlinear free-carrier absorption (FCA) at fl ...
Introduction to Multiplexing in Fiber Optics
... applications. However, various forms of multiplexing are required to take advantage of this bandwidth. Time division and wavelength division multiplexing are the two most commonly used. As fiber is best suited to digital transmission, many low-rate digital signals can be time division multiplexed (T ...
... applications. However, various forms of multiplexing are required to take advantage of this bandwidth. Time division and wavelength division multiplexing are the two most commonly used. As fiber is best suited to digital transmission, many low-rate digital signals can be time division multiplexed (T ...
Metal surface structuring with spatiotemporally focused femtosecond
... surfaces with the two schemes. The STF allows for producing high-quality surfaces without much signature of thermal influences even at the loose focusing condition which gives rise to large focal spot sizes and high peak intensities for promoting the manufacturing throughputs. Thus, our result is vi ...
... surfaces with the two schemes. The STF allows for producing high-quality surfaces without much signature of thermal influences even at the loose focusing condition which gives rise to large focal spot sizes and high peak intensities for promoting the manufacturing throughputs. Thus, our result is vi ...
Light amplificated by stimulated emission of radiation
... Depending on the geometry, there can be more or less stringent requirements on the pump beam quality. This applies mostly to end-pumped lasers. In some cases, the polarization state of the pump light is also important. Some nonisotropic gain media, such as Nd:YVO4, exhibit very different levels of a ...
... Depending on the geometry, there can be more or less stringent requirements on the pump beam quality. This applies mostly to end-pumped lasers. In some cases, the polarization state of the pump light is also important. Some nonisotropic gain media, such as Nd:YVO4, exhibit very different levels of a ...
Dark solitons in mode-locked lasers Mark J. Ablowitz , Theodoros P. Horikis
... lasers has become an indispensable tool in many research activities. Advances in optical frequency standards have resulted in the development of precise frequency measurement capability in the visible and nearinfrared spectral regions. Although the potential for using ML lasers in optical frequency ...
... lasers has become an indispensable tool in many research activities. Advances in optical frequency standards have resulted in the development of precise frequency measurement capability in the visible and nearinfrared spectral regions. Although the potential for using ML lasers in optical frequency ...
Ph 76 ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY — ATOMIC
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
Ph 76 ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY — ATOMIC AND
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
Photonic Atoms
... difference between these two levels, and the emission produces a second, identical photon. Although this process makes lasers possible, it is not nearly as interesting to me as spontaneous emission, which provides almost all of the light we see. The sun, incandescent bulbs, fluorescent lamps, even f ...
... difference between these two levels, and the emission produces a second, identical photon. Although this process makes lasers possible, it is not nearly as interesting to me as spontaneous emission, which provides almost all of the light we see. The sun, incandescent bulbs, fluorescent lamps, even f ...
Stimulated photoluminescence emission and trap states in Si/SiO 2
... mass on the top of the valence band; h is the Planck constant. Then the electrons are rapidly caught into the interface states located in the region below the conduction band. These trap states have two narrow distributions near 1.786 and 1.790eV energy levels respectively. The electronic states in ...
... mass on the top of the valence band; h is the Planck constant. Then the electrons are rapidly caught into the interface states located in the region below the conduction band. These trap states have two narrow distributions near 1.786 and 1.790eV energy levels respectively. The electronic states in ...
Ay 105 Lab Experiment #P: Polarization!!!!
... The index of refraction arises from photons’ interactions with the constituent atoms/molecules of a material; in particular, there is a phase shift that occurs with each atomic/molecular interaction, and thus the phase velocity increases or decreases in proportion to the number of interactions (in o ...
... The index of refraction arises from photons’ interactions with the constituent atoms/molecules of a material; in particular, there is a phase shift that occurs with each atomic/molecular interaction, and thus the phase velocity increases or decreases in proportion to the number of interactions (in o ...
IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 24, 431 - Department of Physics
... quent modifications [2], was the only available source of the extracted ultraviolet beam. Intracavity frequency douoptical pulses less than 100 fs in duration. Recently sev- bling has been applied previously to synchronously modeeral investigators [3]-[8] have developed new femtosec- locked picoseco ...
... quent modifications [2], was the only available source of the extracted ultraviolet beam. Intracavity frequency douoptical pulses less than 100 fs in duration. Recently sev- bling has been applied previously to synchronously modeeral investigators [3]-[8] have developed new femtosec- locked picoseco ...
Laser hazard control checklist
... 1.3.3 Good room lighting is important in areas where laser eye protection is worn. Light coloured diffuse wall surfaces help to achieve this condition. Is good room lighting provided where laser eye protection is worn? Are light coloured diffuse wall surfaces also provided for the room? 1.3.4 Fire, ...
... 1.3.3 Good room lighting is important in areas where laser eye protection is worn. Light coloured diffuse wall surfaces help to achieve this condition. Is good room lighting provided where laser eye protection is worn? Are light coloured diffuse wall surfaces also provided for the room? 1.3.4 Fire, ...
Phonon Laser Action in a Tunable Two-Level System
... commensurate to phonon frequencies and without sacrificing cavity size or optomechanical coupling strength (i.e., g parameter). Continuous wideband tuning of the level separation—and hence the gain (and cooling) band—is possible by adjustment of resonator coupling. Also, a photon (as opposed to phon ...
... commensurate to phonon frequencies and without sacrificing cavity size or optomechanical coupling strength (i.e., g parameter). Continuous wideband tuning of the level separation—and hence the gain (and cooling) band—is possible by adjustment of resonator coupling. Also, a photon (as opposed to phon ...
... Geometrical Optics The light source for this experiment is a low-power helium-neon laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm. Never look directly at a laser beam nor permit anyone else to do so! Exposure to the direct or reflected beam for more than a few seconds will cause serious eye damage. Do not pick ...
Laser
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The term ""laser"" originated as an acronym for ""light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation"". The first laser was built in 1960 by Theodore H. Maiman at Hughes Laboratories, based on theoretical work by Charles Hard Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow. A laser differs from other sources of light in that it emits light coherently. Spatial coherence allows a laser to be focused to a tight spot, enabling applications such as laser cutting and lithography. Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to stay narrow over great distances (collimation), enabling applications such as laser pointers. Lasers can also have high temporal coherence, which allows them to emit light with a very narrow spectrum, i.e., they can emit a single color of light. Temporal coherence can be used to produce pulses of light as short as a femtosecond.Among their many applications, lasers are used in optical disk drives, laser printers, and barcode scanners; fiber-optic and free-space optical communication; laser surgery and skin treatments; cutting and welding materials; military and law enforcement devices for marking targets and measuring range and speed; and laser lighting displays in entertainment.