Laser Cooling of Atom
... Semi-classical treatment of atomic dynamics: – Atomic motion is described by the averaged velocity – EM field is treat as a classical field – Atomic internal state can be described by a density matrix which is determined by the optical Bloch equation ...
... Semi-classical treatment of atomic dynamics: – Atomic motion is described by the averaged velocity – EM field is treat as a classical field – Atomic internal state can be described by a density matrix which is determined by the optical Bloch equation ...
PPT
... bulb filament, or two people singing the same note. Incoherent intensities add. The average of constructive and destructive interference is no interference! Lecture 3, p 14 ...
... bulb filament, or two people singing the same note. Incoherent intensities add. The average of constructive and destructive interference is no interference! Lecture 3, p 14 ...
Theory of relativistic optical harmonic generation
... limit for a linearly polarized fundamental beam, but we have not found a closed-form expression analogous to (4). For either type of polarization, the saturation of the harmonic power can be understood from the perspective that even at very high intensities the electron excursion from its equilibriu ...
... limit for a linearly polarized fundamental beam, but we have not found a closed-form expression analogous to (4). For either type of polarization, the saturation of the harmonic power can be understood from the perspective that even at very high intensities the electron excursion from its equilibriu ...
Construction of a femtosecond mode
... lasing and does not require very complicated design of the laser [8,9]. The essential of this technique consists in the use of Kerr-lens effect in a suitable broadband active medium and support of the intracavity group velocity dispersion compensation [10,11]. So on the way towards construction of a ...
... lasing and does not require very complicated design of the laser [8,9]. The essential of this technique consists in the use of Kerr-lens effect in a suitable broadband active medium and support of the intracavity group velocity dispersion compensation [10,11]. So on the way towards construction of a ...
The HeNe Laser
... because they are not caused by any preceding event, produce photons that are emitted isotropically, with random polarization, and over a broader range of wavelengths. As stimulated emission processes occur along the axis of the resonator a situation develops in which essentially all 3s2 ⇒ 2p4 Ne* de ...
... because they are not caused by any preceding event, produce photons that are emitted isotropically, with random polarization, and over a broader range of wavelengths. As stimulated emission processes occur along the axis of the resonator a situation develops in which essentially all 3s2 ⇒ 2p4 Ne* de ...
ps fiber laser for CARS-authorproof-v2
... source to the intrinsic linewidth of molecular vibrational frequencies (~15 cm-1 or ~1 nm at 800 nm). In addition, synchronized pulses of two colors, at least one of which must be tunable, are necessary, and fairly high average powers are required because the excitation optical path has limited tota ...
... source to the intrinsic linewidth of molecular vibrational frequencies (~15 cm-1 or ~1 nm at 800 nm). In addition, synchronized pulses of two colors, at least one of which must be tunable, are necessary, and fairly high average powers are required because the excitation optical path has limited tota ...
Diffraction - Purdue Physics
... mounted on an automatic drive moving with a speed of 8510-6 m/s. The amount of light that can reach the diode is determined by the gap between a pair of jaws (slit) in front of it. One jaw is fixed, the other jaw is spring-loaded and thus adjustable. This input slit also determines spatial resoluti ...
... mounted on an automatic drive moving with a speed of 8510-6 m/s. The amount of light that can reach the diode is determined by the gap between a pair of jaws (slit) in front of it. One jaw is fixed, the other jaw is spring-loaded and thus adjustable. This input slit also determines spatial resoluti ...
Interferometric lithography with an amplitude division interferometer and a desktop
... the beam splitter is a transmission diffraction grating. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the interferometer and a photograph of the experimental setup with the paths of the two beams indicated by dashed curves. The 1 and −1 orders of the grating, that for the 46.9 nm illumination are separated by 2.68°, ...
... the beam splitter is a transmission diffraction grating. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the interferometer and a photograph of the experimental setup with the paths of the two beams indicated by dashed curves. The 1 and −1 orders of the grating, that for the 46.9 nm illumination are separated by 2.68°, ...
Solid-state laser system for laser cooling of Sodium - ENS-phys
... Our experimental setup is represented in Fig. 1. The pump laser sources at 1064 nm and 1319 nm are nonplanar ring oscillator YAG lasers (Innolight GmbH, Germany) with an instantaneous spectral linewidth narrower than 10 kHz and output power of 1.1 W and 500 mW, respectively. Both lasers are collimat ...
... Our experimental setup is represented in Fig. 1. The pump laser sources at 1064 nm and 1319 nm are nonplanar ring oscillator YAG lasers (Innolight GmbH, Germany) with an instantaneous spectral linewidth narrower than 10 kHz and output power of 1.1 W and 500 mW, respectively. Both lasers are collimat ...
External-cavity diode lasers provide absolute references for WDM
... gratings and receiver filters. These diagnostic tools also can measure the wavelength of the stabilized distributed-feedback diodes and fiber-grating controlled laser-diode sources used in WDM. The most accurate measurements of these sources, however, are made by direct measurement against the WDM r ...
... gratings and receiver filters. These diagnostic tools also can measure the wavelength of the stabilized distributed-feedback diodes and fiber-grating controlled laser-diode sources used in WDM. The most accurate measurements of these sources, however, are made by direct measurement against the WDM r ...
Spectral linewidth of a Ne-like Ar capillary discharge soft-x-ray laser... on amplification beyond gain saturation
... be expected to effectively homogenize the Doppler component [21]. The latter is the result of velocity-changing collisions that transfer populations among the different velocity groups of the radiating ions such that a single velocity is no longer associated with each radiator (collisional redistrib ...
... be expected to effectively homogenize the Doppler component [21]. The latter is the result of velocity-changing collisions that transfer populations among the different velocity groups of the radiating ions such that a single velocity is no longer associated with each radiator (collisional redistrib ...
Laser Selective Chemistry: A New Challenge for
... and are released as a laser beam through the partla mlrror at r~ght ...
... and are released as a laser beam through the partla mlrror at r~ght ...
Scientific Program - Instituto de Física Facultad de Ciencias
... The results of recent studies performed in the Centro de Investigaciones en Optica (Leon, Mexico) in the field of diode-pumped Erbium fiber lasers (EFL) engineering are presented. The main attention is paid to an inspection of pulsed regimes of the EFL, which have been realized applying various pass ...
... The results of recent studies performed in the Centro de Investigaciones en Optica (Leon, Mexico) in the field of diode-pumped Erbium fiber lasers (EFL) engineering are presented. The main attention is paid to an inspection of pulsed regimes of the EFL, which have been realized applying various pass ...
Nonlinear optics in daily life
... processes are predominantly stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering. From this vast array of NLO effects, which seemed to offer much promise, only a few have made it to commercial reality. This paper assumes familiarity with nonlinear phenomena; if not, the web offers details on each nonlinearity ...
... processes are predominantly stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering. From this vast array of NLO effects, which seemed to offer much promise, only a few have made it to commercial reality. This paper assumes familiarity with nonlinear phenomena; if not, the web offers details on each nonlinearity ...
Experimental Test of Local Hidden-Variable Theories
... state is populated) there are essentially no rapidly decaying states other than the cascade states. Therefore there is a one-to-one correspondence between all 4358-A and 2537-A photons. As a result comparatively high data accumulation rates were obtained, The experimental arrangement is shown in Fig ...
... state is populated) there are essentially no rapidly decaying states other than the cascade states. Therefore there is a one-to-one correspondence between all 4358-A and 2537-A photons. As a result comparatively high data accumulation rates were obtained, The experimental arrangement is shown in Fig ...
recent advances - University of St Andrews
... because it could be more compact and robust, and would be better suited for electrical pumping in the future. However, this proved to be a more challenging problem. In the same year as Moses reported a solution laser, one of the present authors (IDWS) was exploring the feasibility of a solid-state l ...
... because it could be more compact and robust, and would be better suited for electrical pumping in the future. However, this proved to be a more challenging problem. In the same year as Moses reported a solution laser, one of the present authors (IDWS) was exploring the feasibility of a solid-state l ...
Bose-Einstein Condensation
... • The fastest moving atoms move furthest from the minimum, to a position of highest energy (see the upper atom shown in the figure). • Magnetic resonance is used to reverse the moments of the most energetic atoms, causing them to leave the trap, which is now an energy maximum. • Slowly reducing the ...
... • The fastest moving atoms move furthest from the minimum, to a position of highest energy (see the upper atom shown in the figure). • Magnetic resonance is used to reverse the moments of the most energetic atoms, causing them to leave the trap, which is now an energy maximum. • Slowly reducing the ...
Lecture 1
... 2. More efficient than with single ions: the photons that change the collective mode go in the forward direction (this requires a high optical thickness). ...
... 2. More efficient than with single ions: the photons that change the collective mode go in the forward direction (this requires a high optical thickness). ...
PDF
... pickup for the multilayer BD, suppression of layer crosstalk in the sensor system has been an issue.(2) (3) To overcome this problem, a one-beam push–pull method with a holographic optical element (HOE) has been developed. 2. Sensor System Figure 1 shows an example optical layout of the optical pick ...
... pickup for the multilayer BD, suppression of layer crosstalk in the sensor system has been an issue.(2) (3) To overcome this problem, a one-beam push–pull method with a holographic optical element (HOE) has been developed. 2. Sensor System Figure 1 shows an example optical layout of the optical pick ...
AHS用スキャニングレーザレンジファインダー の試作及びそれを用いた
... optical efficiency between the receiver’s lens and the scanning mirrors, these mirrors must have at least the same size as that of the receiver’s lens. Thus, the use of polygon mirrors in the present case will result in an oversized scan mechanism. The solution that avoids the loss of optical efficiency ...
... optical efficiency between the receiver’s lens and the scanning mirrors, these mirrors must have at least the same size as that of the receiver’s lens. Thus, the use of polygon mirrors in the present case will result in an oversized scan mechanism. The solution that avoids the loss of optical efficiency ...
Laser and nonlinear optics
... Transitions from the pump level |3 > to the upper laser level |2 > and from the lower laser level |1 > to the ground state |0 > occur very rapidly (approx. 10−12 s) and without radiation (=heat), whereas state |2 > has a noticeably longer lifetime (approx. 3·10−4 s). Pump radiation can be absorbed b ...
... Transitions from the pump level |3 > to the upper laser level |2 > and from the lower laser level |1 > to the ground state |0 > occur very rapidly (approx. 10−12 s) and without radiation (=heat), whereas state |2 > has a noticeably longer lifetime (approx. 3·10−4 s). Pump radiation can be absorbed b ...
Michelson Lab Guide UTSA
... Air Cell: DO NOT exceed a pressure of 100 kPa over atmosphere. Interference occurs when two or more coherent beams overlap. Coherent beams maintain a constant relative phase(s). For optical interference (4 x 1014 Hz < f < 8 x 1014 Hz), the beam frequencies must match to the inverse of the minimum ob ...
... Air Cell: DO NOT exceed a pressure of 100 kPa over atmosphere. Interference occurs when two or more coherent beams overlap. Coherent beams maintain a constant relative phase(s). For optical interference (4 x 1014 Hz < f < 8 x 1014 Hz), the beam frequencies must match to the inverse of the minimum ob ...
Laser Refraction and Diffraction
... composed of numerous small wave sources. These sources produce additional waves at the position of the wavefront, which leads to subsequent wavefronts that produce more subsequent wavefronts according to the assumptions of this principle. Various phenomena of diffraction and interference can be qual ...
... composed of numerous small wave sources. These sources produce additional waves at the position of the wavefront, which leads to subsequent wavefronts that produce more subsequent wavefronts according to the assumptions of this principle. Various phenomena of diffraction and interference can be qual ...
Approximate Theory of Rectangular Optical Waveguides
... LED (right) are very different. The latter has a strongly-modified emission pattern due to the scattering of waveguided modes out of the LED chip. ...
... LED (right) are very different. The latter has a strongly-modified emission pattern due to the scattering of waveguided modes out of the LED chip. ...
Ultra-cold atoms - University of St Andrews
... directed opposite to its velocity. For this to happen, the laser frequency υ L has to be below the atomic transition, i.e. the laser has to be “red detuned”. The condition for absorption of photons is that their Doppler shifted frequency in the atom’s frame is close to υ atom : ...
... directed opposite to its velocity. For this to happen, the laser frequency υ L has to be below the atomic transition, i.e. the laser has to be “red detuned”. The condition for absorption of photons is that their Doppler shifted frequency in the atom’s frame is close to υ atom : ...
Laser
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The term ""laser"" originated as an acronym for ""light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation"". The first laser was built in 1960 by Theodore H. Maiman at Hughes Laboratories, based on theoretical work by Charles Hard Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow. A laser differs from other sources of light in that it emits light coherently. Spatial coherence allows a laser to be focused to a tight spot, enabling applications such as laser cutting and lithography. Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to stay narrow over great distances (collimation), enabling applications such as laser pointers. Lasers can also have high temporal coherence, which allows them to emit light with a very narrow spectrum, i.e., they can emit a single color of light. Temporal coherence can be used to produce pulses of light as short as a femtosecond.Among their many applications, lasers are used in optical disk drives, laser printers, and barcode scanners; fiber-optic and free-space optical communication; laser surgery and skin treatments; cutting and welding materials; military and law enforcement devices for marking targets and measuring range and speed; and laser lighting displays in entertainment.