High accuracy ranging with Yb -doped fiber-ring frequency
... within the cavity. In our case, the frequency-shifting element is an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), wherein acoustic waves create a travelling grating. The arrangement is such that the first-order diffracted light (altered in frequency) continues within the cavity, while the zero-order emerges as the ...
... within the cavity. In our case, the frequency-shifting element is an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), wherein acoustic waves create a travelling grating. The arrangement is such that the first-order diffracted light (altered in frequency) continues within the cavity, while the zero-order emerges as the ...
Synopsis by Brad Thompson
... Introduction Laser resonators utilizing porro prism reflectors as opposed to the conventional mirror-mirror cavity are significantly more stable. This stability makes the porro resonator an ideal choice for a coherent light source in Laser Rangefinders where the stability of the bore-sight is paramo ...
... Introduction Laser resonators utilizing porro prism reflectors as opposed to the conventional mirror-mirror cavity are significantly more stable. This stability makes the porro resonator an ideal choice for a coherent light source in Laser Rangefinders where the stability of the bore-sight is paramo ...
Physics Today
... There is still a subtle question: How does the coherence of the |1H2> transition atoms become phased so that, together with the applied field at coc, it will cause the necessary cancellation? There are two ways in which that may happen. One is that if the applied lasers are monochromatic, the cohere ...
... There is still a subtle question: How does the coherence of the |1H2> transition atoms become phased so that, together with the applied field at coc, it will cause the necessary cancellation? There are two ways in which that may happen. One is that if the applied lasers are monochromatic, the cohere ...
Partial fulfillment of DiVincenzo criteria using manipulation of Rb
... a single photon of measurable light as they relax back into 52S 1/2 : F = 2. Due to the short lifetime of the excited state, each atom entering 52S 1/2 : F = 2will go through multiple excitation/ relaxation cycles and will produce 10s of photons before leaving the detection stage. The relative occup ...
... a single photon of measurable light as they relax back into 52S 1/2 : F = 2. Due to the short lifetime of the excited state, each atom entering 52S 1/2 : F = 2will go through multiple excitation/ relaxation cycles and will produce 10s of photons before leaving the detection stage. The relative occup ...
Di raction and Interference PRECAUTION
... This experiment is greatly facilitated by the use of a laser as a light source. The laser light is highly monochromatic and coherent. Coherence means that there are surfaces, in this experiment approximately planes, in which the light is in phase. When such light falls on a ~ oscillates in phase ove ...
... This experiment is greatly facilitated by the use of a laser as a light source. The laser light is highly monochromatic and coherent. Coherence means that there are surfaces, in this experiment approximately planes, in which the light is in phase. When such light falls on a ~ oscillates in phase ove ...
1 - FunFACS
... and can be located at maxima of phase modulated backgrounds (W.J. Firth and A.J. Scroggie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 1623, 1996; T. Maggipinto et al., Phys. Rev. E 62, 8726, 2000). These predictions have been experimentally verified in vertical-cavity amplifiers within the project by INLN. A general theo ...
... and can be located at maxima of phase modulated backgrounds (W.J. Firth and A.J. Scroggie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 1623, 1996; T. Maggipinto et al., Phys. Rev. E 62, 8726, 2000). These predictions have been experimentally verified in vertical-cavity amplifiers within the project by INLN. A general theo ...
Enhanced fiber coupled laser power and brightness for
... As mentioned in the previous section one important feature of the T-bar is the linear polarization of the diode output. Polarization beam combining can be applied to improve beam quality by a factor of 2 and make it possible to couple the beam into a fiber with core diameter of 100 µm and a numerica ...
... As mentioned in the previous section one important feature of the T-bar is the linear polarization of the diode output. Polarization beam combining can be applied to improve beam quality by a factor of 2 and make it possible to couple the beam into a fiber with core diameter of 100 µm and a numerica ...
Low threshold current and widely tunable external cavity lasers with
... As regard to the 2-mm ECL, the maximum threshold current of 2-mm ECL is no more than 90 mA (0.9 kA/cm2) across the 130 nm tuning range; nonetheless, the maximum threshold at tuning-wavelength ends is about 1.2 times its solitary threshold current of 75 mA. The mechanism is two fold. First, the grati ...
... As regard to the 2-mm ECL, the maximum threshold current of 2-mm ECL is no more than 90 mA (0.9 kA/cm2) across the 130 nm tuning range; nonetheless, the maximum threshold at tuning-wavelength ends is about 1.2 times its solitary threshold current of 75 mA. The mechanism is two fold. First, the grati ...
New Approaches in Deep Laser Cooling of Magnesium Atoms for
... physical understanding of processes occurring with atoms under a light field, because it does not include such classical concepts as the light force, the atomic diffusion or the optical potential. All these terms appear in so-called semiclassical approach that often simplifies the quantum treatment ...
... physical understanding of processes occurring with atoms under a light field, because it does not include such classical concepts as the light force, the atomic diffusion or the optical potential. All these terms appear in so-called semiclassical approach that often simplifies the quantum treatment ...
Laser Locking with Doppler-free Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy
... (b) Fine and hyperfine splitting for rubidium between the 52P1/2 and 52P1/2 states (795 nm D1 line). The lower part gives the relative position of the hyperfine lines in MHz [4]. With these multi-level atoms, additional variables such as optical pumping and crossover resonances must be considered. C ...
... (b) Fine and hyperfine splitting for rubidium between the 52P1/2 and 52P1/2 states (795 nm D1 line). The lower part gives the relative position of the hyperfine lines in MHz [4]. With these multi-level atoms, additional variables such as optical pumping and crossover resonances must be considered. C ...
Ali BAZZI - ShareStudies.com
... Three-level system – ruby (crystal) laser: atoms may be excited from the ground state into the higher level E2. Since E2 is a normal level the electrons will rapidly decay by nonradiative processes to either E1 or directly to E0. Over a period the density of atoms in the metastable state N1 incr ...
... Three-level system – ruby (crystal) laser: atoms may be excited from the ground state into the higher level E2. Since E2 is a normal level the electrons will rapidly decay by nonradiative processes to either E1 or directly to E0. Over a period the density of atoms in the metastable state N1 incr ...
Dynamic pulsed-beam shaping using a TAG lens in the
... foils [16]. Additionally, those beams have been employed to produce attosecond duration bursts of light [14] due to their ability for high harmonic generation [15]. ...
... foils [16]. Additionally, those beams have been employed to produce attosecond duration bursts of light [14] due to their ability for high harmonic generation [15]. ...
Full text
... foils [16]. Additionally, those beams have been employed to produce attosecond duration bursts of light [14] due to their ability for high harmonic generation [15]. ...
... foils [16]. Additionally, those beams have been employed to produce attosecond duration bursts of light [14] due to their ability for high harmonic generation [15]. ...
LEP 2.6.07 Helium Neon Laser
... are approximately 10 times longer than those of the p-states. An immediate population inversion between the 3s and the 2p levels will therefore be generated. The 2p level is emptied due to spontaneous emission into the 1s level. After this the Neon atoms reach their ground state again, primarily thr ...
... are approximately 10 times longer than those of the p-states. An immediate population inversion between the 3s and the 2p levels will therefore be generated. The 2p level is emptied due to spontaneous emission into the 1s level. After this the Neon atoms reach their ground state again, primarily thr ...
Laser Collimation of a Chromium Beam Using Doppler Force Wen
... laser frequency. If the laser is tuned below the atomic resonance, the frequency of the light in the beam opposing the atomic motion is Doppler shifted toward the blue in the atomic rest frame, and is therefore closer to resonance; similarly, the light in the beam moving parallel to the atom will be ...
... laser frequency. If the laser is tuned below the atomic resonance, the frequency of the light in the beam opposing the atomic motion is Doppler shifted toward the blue in the atomic rest frame, and is therefore closer to resonance; similarly, the light in the beam moving parallel to the atom will be ...
Passively Q-switched 0.1-mJ fiber laser system at
... the 1.5-mm wavelength region are required for applications such as range finding (at an eye-safe wavelength) and pumping of nonlinear devices such as optical parametric oscillators.1 Q-switched bulk lasers based on erbium-doped glasses can deliver several millijoules of energy in this wavelength reg ...
... the 1.5-mm wavelength region are required for applications such as range finding (at an eye-safe wavelength) and pumping of nonlinear devices such as optical parametric oscillators.1 Q-switched bulk lasers based on erbium-doped glasses can deliver several millijoules of energy in this wavelength reg ...
Radio-frequency-induced optical gain in Pr :Y SiO
... noted that the boxcar averager is used for exact measurement of the optical density. With Eq. (1) the applied RF Rabi frequency is calculated to be 17.6 kHz from the oscillation period of the probe signal. For the calculation of optical density ( a l), where a is absorption coefficient and l is the ...
... noted that the boxcar averager is used for exact measurement of the optical density. With Eq. (1) the applied RF Rabi frequency is calculated to be 17.6 kHz from the oscillation period of the probe signal. For the calculation of optical density ( a l), where a is absorption coefficient and l is the ...
High Power Operation of a 17 GHz Photocathode RF Gun
... The klystron amplifier has been found to generate power in two spurious modes when connected to a mismatched load. Microwaves associated with these modes are slightly higher in frequency than the operating frequency of the klystron. To eliminate these modes which reduce the stability and gain of the ...
... The klystron amplifier has been found to generate power in two spurious modes when connected to a mismatched load. Microwaves associated with these modes are slightly higher in frequency than the operating frequency of the klystron. To eliminate these modes which reduce the stability and gain of the ...
Optical frequency standard
... Quite generally, frequency standards with a high oscillation frequency profit from a better stability than those with lower oscillation frequencies. Although optical sources are used for some functionalities (optical pumping, laser cooling of atoms), all present primary and secondary frequency stand ...
... Quite generally, frequency standards with a high oscillation frequency profit from a better stability than those with lower oscillation frequencies. Although optical sources are used for some functionalities (optical pumping, laser cooling of atoms), all present primary and secondary frequency stand ...
Bourdel-3 (doc, 273 KiB)
... Atomic gases have proven to be a useful ressource for precision measurements of the atom properties or of the external forces acting on them. For example, atom interferometers permit the measurement of the local gravity constant g with a relative accuracy of the order of 10 -8 at 1s 1. A long observ ...
... Atomic gases have proven to be a useful ressource for precision measurements of the atom properties or of the external forces acting on them. For example, atom interferometers permit the measurement of the local gravity constant g with a relative accuracy of the order of 10 -8 at 1s 1. A long observ ...
Nature template - PC Word 97
... Atomic gases have proven to be a useful ressource for precision measurements of the atom properties or of the external forces acting on them. For example, atom interferometers permit the measurement of the local gravity constant g with a relative accuracy of the order of 10 -8 at 1s 1. A long observ ...
... Atomic gases have proven to be a useful ressource for precision measurements of the atom properties or of the external forces acting on them. For example, atom interferometers permit the measurement of the local gravity constant g with a relative accuracy of the order of 10 -8 at 1s 1. A long observ ...
Soft-x-ray laser interferometry of a plasma with a tabletop 420
... gain-saturated discharge-pumped tabletop soft-x-ray lasers3,4 and the development of several saturated5 or nearly saturated6,7 soft-x-ray lasers pumped by relatively compact optical lasers will allow the probing of a great variety of dense plasmas. However, multilayer beam splitters cannot be develo ...
... gain-saturated discharge-pumped tabletop soft-x-ray lasers3,4 and the development of several saturated5 or nearly saturated6,7 soft-x-ray lasers pumped by relatively compact optical lasers will allow the probing of a great variety of dense plasmas. However, multilayer beam splitters cannot be develo ...
"Impulsar": New Application for High Power High Repetition Rate
... 0.3 kN MW-1 (this value is typical for an air-jet laser engine of 1970th.), the mass of 200 kg, and the acceleration of 10g, the required laser power should be ~ 60 MW (the energy Q ~100 g in the TNT equivalent, f~ 100 Hz), and the power of a power supply should be 0.5-1 GW. However, it seems unlike ...
... 0.3 kN MW-1 (this value is typical for an air-jet laser engine of 1970th.), the mass of 200 kg, and the acceleration of 10g, the required laser power should be ~ 60 MW (the energy Q ~100 g in the TNT equivalent, f~ 100 Hz), and the power of a power supply should be 0.5-1 GW. However, it seems unlike ...
ph104exp09_Physical_Optics_03
... More and more secondary maxima appear between the principal maxima as n goes up, but they have less and less importance as the number of slits (n) is increased. Observe the patterns 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 3E, in which the number of slits increase from 2 to 20 with the same slit width and separation. How do ...
... More and more secondary maxima appear between the principal maxima as n goes up, but they have less and less importance as the number of slits (n) is increased. Observe the patterns 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 3E, in which the number of slits increase from 2 to 20 with the same slit width and separation. How do ...
High-power passively mode-locked semiconductor lasers
... tapered semiconductor amplifier section [2], and master-oscillator-power-amplifier systems with tapered [3] and inverse bow-tie amplifier geometries [4]. Such techniques increase the complexity of the system and are still currently limited to average powers well below 1 W. In recent years, it has be ...
... tapered semiconductor amplifier section [2], and master-oscillator-power-amplifier systems with tapered [3] and inverse bow-tie amplifier geometries [4]. Such techniques increase the complexity of the system and are still currently limited to average powers well below 1 W. In recent years, it has be ...
Laser
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The term ""laser"" originated as an acronym for ""light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation"". The first laser was built in 1960 by Theodore H. Maiman at Hughes Laboratories, based on theoretical work by Charles Hard Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow. A laser differs from other sources of light in that it emits light coherently. Spatial coherence allows a laser to be focused to a tight spot, enabling applications such as laser cutting and lithography. Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to stay narrow over great distances (collimation), enabling applications such as laser pointers. Lasers can also have high temporal coherence, which allows them to emit light with a very narrow spectrum, i.e., they can emit a single color of light. Temporal coherence can be used to produce pulses of light as short as a femtosecond.Among their many applications, lasers are used in optical disk drives, laser printers, and barcode scanners; fiber-optic and free-space optical communication; laser surgery and skin treatments; cutting and welding materials; military and law enforcement devices for marking targets and measuring range and speed; and laser lighting displays in entertainment.