Enhancing the emission directionality of organic light-emitting diodes by using
... direction of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Many aspects of OLEDs have been comprehensively studied and well controlled including power efficiency, chromaticity, and color stability, yet the directionality of the emission has received little attention. Directional emission could be useful fo ...
... direction of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Many aspects of OLEDs have been comprehensively studied and well controlled including power efficiency, chromaticity, and color stability, yet the directionality of the emission has received little attention. Directional emission could be useful fo ...
Direct Characterization of Plasmonic Slot Waveguides
... a detector, where it was spatially overlapped with an interfering reference beam, yielding both the amplitude and phase of the scattered light via pseudoheterodyne detection.23 Background contributions were suppressed by demodulating the detector signal at a high-order harmonic frequency nΩ (in our ...
... a detector, where it was spatially overlapped with an interfering reference beam, yielding both the amplitude and phase of the scattered light via pseudoheterodyne detection.23 Background contributions were suppressed by demodulating the detector signal at a high-order harmonic frequency nΩ (in our ...
The Optics of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
... adjustment giving what is described in the present report as a linear source-plane path variation. He shows that with horizontal fringes there is a limit to the permissible source size even with the best adjustment. His paper, and t h a t of Schardin, suggest wrongly t h a t only the semi-reflectin ...
... adjustment giving what is described in the present report as a linear source-plane path variation. He shows that with horizontal fringes there is a limit to the permissible source size even with the best adjustment. His paper, and t h a t of Schardin, suggest wrongly t h a t only the semi-reflectin ...
Lecture 3 -- Electromagnetic Principles
... • It is a change in impedance that causes reflections • Law of reflection says the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. • Snell’s Law quantifies the angle of transmission as a function of angle of incidence and the material properties. • Angle of transmission and reflection do n ...
... • It is a change in impedance that causes reflections • Law of reflection says the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. • Snell’s Law quantifies the angle of transmission as a function of angle of incidence and the material properties. • Angle of transmission and reflection do n ...
Chapter 5
... Superposition principle At a given place and time, the net response caused by two or more stimuli is the sum of the responses which would have been caused by each stimulus individually. ...
... Superposition principle At a given place and time, the net response caused by two or more stimuli is the sum of the responses which would have been caused by each stimulus individually. ...
WAVE OPTICS
... that fall outside the confines of ray optics, including interference and diffraction, as demonstrated in this and the following two chapters. Wave optics has its limitations. It is not capable of providing a complete picture of the reflection and refraction of light at the boundaries between dielect ...
... that fall outside the confines of ray optics, including interference and diffraction, as demonstrated in this and the following two chapters. Wave optics has its limitations. It is not capable of providing a complete picture of the reflection and refraction of light at the boundaries between dielect ...
An introduction to medical imaging with coherent terahertz
... 3.3. Imaging considerations, measurement time and pulse signal-to-noise ratio To exploit the spatial and spectral information available, large amounts of data must be collected in the spatial and temporal domains. The volume of data depends on the desired resolutions in the temporal and spatial doma ...
... 3.3. Imaging considerations, measurement time and pulse signal-to-noise ratio To exploit the spatial and spectral information available, large amounts of data must be collected in the spatial and temporal domains. The volume of data depends on the desired resolutions in the temporal and spatial doma ...
Sparse synthetic aperture with Fresnel elements (S
... is carried out in two different configurations, one for the central holographic Fresnel element and the other for the additional peripheral sub-elements. The configuration of the central element in the dual lens SAFE scheme is actually a dual lens FINCH scheme [15,16], whereas the configuration of t ...
... is carried out in two different configurations, one for the central holographic Fresnel element and the other for the additional peripheral sub-elements. The configuration of the central element in the dual lens SAFE scheme is actually a dual lens FINCH scheme [15,16], whereas the configuration of t ...
Parallelized STED fluorescence nanoscopy
... 25. G. Donnert, C. Eggeling, and S. W. Hell, “Major signal increase in fluorescence microscopy through dark-state relaxation,” Nat. Methods 4(1), 81–86 (2007). ...
... 25. G. Donnert, C. Eggeling, and S. W. Hell, “Major signal increase in fluorescence microscopy through dark-state relaxation,” Nat. Methods 4(1), 81–86 (2007). ...
Sub-wavelength grating for enhanced ring resonator biosensor
... mode mismatch loss [35–38], meta material lenses [39], waveguide crossings [32], and filtering applications [40], they have yet to be experimentally demonstrated for biosensing applications [41, 42]. Wangüemert-Pérez et al. proposed the use of SWG waveguides for biosensing [42] and employed a Four ...
... mode mismatch loss [35–38], meta material lenses [39], waveguide crossings [32], and filtering applications [40], they have yet to be experimentally demonstrated for biosensing applications [41, 42]. Wangüemert-Pérez et al. proposed the use of SWG waveguides for biosensing [42] and employed a Four ...
Selective plane illumination microscopy techniques in
... Dronpa and Eos). Single cells can be targeted and photo-converted from one color to another to facilitate their tracking. Photomultiplier. Glass vacuum tube in which a cascade of electrons is induced by the arrival of a single photon; fast, single channel detector commonly used in confocal microscop ...
... Dronpa and Eos). Single cells can be targeted and photo-converted from one color to another to facilitate their tracking. Photomultiplier. Glass vacuum tube in which a cascade of electrons is induced by the arrival of a single photon; fast, single channel detector commonly used in confocal microscop ...
High resolution time-resolved imaging system in the
... Figure 21 Quantum efficiency of the ICCD ................................................................................. 27 Figure 22 Sn and Zn spectral irradiance with different input laser powers at 0.8 m .................... 28 Figure 23 Total calculated efficiency of the whole system ......... ...
... Figure 21 Quantum efficiency of the ICCD ................................................................................. 27 Figure 22 Sn and Zn spectral irradiance with different input laser powers at 0.8 m .................... 28 Figure 23 Total calculated efficiency of the whole system ......... ...
Medical applications of Terahertz Imaging: a Review of Current
... sample or detector must be mechanically moved about in a scanning pattern. As an alternative, in CW systems the radiation can be shaped into a beam that covers the whole sample at once and an array of detectors used, however this severely impinges on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A real-time THz ...
... sample or detector must be mechanically moved about in a scanning pattern. As an alternative, in CW systems the radiation can be shaped into a beam that covers the whole sample at once and an array of detectors used, however this severely impinges on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A real-time THz ...
Implementation of a Sinusoidal Current Drive for a ... Phase Motor Using a Common Sense ...
... This thesis proposes a new method of driving a brushless three phase motor with the hope that the new drive scheme will reduce the pure tone acoustic noise of the motor. This thesis is geared towards the hard disk drive industry, which is under increasing pressure to reduce the noise emissions of th ...
... This thesis proposes a new method of driving a brushless three phase motor with the hope that the new drive scheme will reduce the pure tone acoustic noise of the motor. This thesis is geared towards the hard disk drive industry, which is under increasing pressure to reduce the noise emissions of th ...
Development of a Total Internal Reflection Illumination System for
... subunits share the same distribution. This method will be discussed first; ultimately, it was not successful, so an alternative method using laser illumination was studied, which uses temporal, rather than sp ...
... subunits share the same distribution. This method will be discussed first; ultimately, it was not successful, so an alternative method using laser illumination was studied, which uses temporal, rather than sp ...
Skin Perfusion Photography
... between layers results in more blurring according to Eq. 6). As the distance between the layers increases, the reflected speckle field becomes increasingly blurred, which improves the global-direct separation. On the other hand, the reflections corrupt a wider area of the image and increase the base ...
... between layers results in more blurring according to Eq. 6). As the distance between the layers increases, the reflected speckle field becomes increasingly blurred, which improves the global-direct separation. On the other hand, the reflections corrupt a wider area of the image and increase the base ...
Partially coherent beam shaping and imaging
... order to make numerical calculations feasible, so-called modal approaches [46–51] are used extensively, especially to describe partial spatial coherence. Such modal approaches, in which the partially coherent field is represented as a superposition of fully coherent fields, lead to the evaluation of ...
... order to make numerical calculations feasible, so-called modal approaches [46–51] are used extensively, especially to describe partial spatial coherence. Such modal approaches, in which the partially coherent field is represented as a superposition of fully coherent fields, lead to the evaluation of ...
Performance of extended depth of field systems and
... by digital processing. Many pupils have been designed to implement WFC; they all propose different trade-offs between MTF and DOF. In this paper, we demonstrate that for any symmetric revolution optic there is an absolute trade-off between MTF and DOF. This limit is fixed by diffraction and conseque ...
... by digital processing. Many pupils have been designed to implement WFC; they all propose different trade-offs between MTF and DOF. In this paper, we demonstrate that for any symmetric revolution optic there is an absolute trade-off between MTF and DOF. This limit is fixed by diffraction and conseque ...
3 PROGRAMMABLE APODIZERS AND FRESNEL LENSES pupils
... by Yzuel and Arlegui [Yzu80] and by Yzuel and Calvo [Yzu83]. Following their numerical method, to compute the diffraction integral in Eq. (3-8) the pupil is divided into area elements, and the integral becomes a finite sum of integrals over each element. The amplitude function and the phase function ...
... by Yzuel and Arlegui [Yzu80] and by Yzuel and Calvo [Yzu83]. Following their numerical method, to compute the diffraction integral in Eq. (3-8) the pupil is divided into area elements, and the integral becomes a finite sum of integrals over each element. The amplitude function and the phase function ...
Preparation of Poincare' beams with a same-path polarization/spatial-mode interferoemter
... *Address all correspondence to: Enrique J. Galvez, E-mail: egalvez@colgate .edu ...
... *Address all correspondence to: Enrique J. Galvez, E-mail: egalvez@colgate .edu ...
Kogelnik and Li
... curvature is a typical example of a periodic sequence that can be either stable or unstable [ 6 ] . In Fig. 3 such a resonator isshown together with its dual, whichis a sequence of lenses. The ray paths through the two structures are the same, except that the ray pattern is folded in the resonator a ...
... curvature is a typical example of a periodic sequence that can be either stable or unstable [ 6 ] . In Fig. 3 such a resonator isshown together with its dual, whichis a sequence of lenses. The ray paths through the two structures are the same, except that the ray pattern is folded in the resonator a ...
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... guidance by the defect (c) and normal diffraction without the lattice (b) under the same bias condition. ...
... guidance by the defect (c) and normal diffraction without the lattice (b) under the same bias condition. ...
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCI) or phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is a general term for different technical methods that use information concerning changes in the phase of an X-ray beam that passes through an object in order to create its images. Standard X-ray imaging techniques like radiography or computed tomography (CT) rely on a decrease of the X-ray beam's intensity (attenuation) when traversing the sample, which can be measured directly with the assistance of an X-ray detector. In PCI however, the beam's phase shift caused by the sample is not measured directly, but is transformed into variations in intensity, which then can be recorded by the detector.In addition to producing projection images, PCI, like conventional transmission, can be combined with tomographic techniques to obtain the 3D distribution of the real part of the refractive index of the sample. When applied to samples that consist of atoms with low atomic number Z, PCI is more sensitive to density variations in the sample than conventional transmission-based X-ray imaging. This leads to images with improved soft tissue contrast.In the last several years, a variety of phase-contrast X-ray imaging techniques have been developed, all of which are based on the observation of interference patterns between diffracted and undiffracted waves. The most common techniques are crystal interferometry, propagation-based imaging, analyzer-based imaging, edge-illumination and grating-based imaging (see below).