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... activity reveal responses ranging from high stimulation to total inhibition. In this review, we compile the existing studies on the topic and discuss the potential causes underlying these contrasting results, with special emphasis on the largely overlooked influences of the community composition and ...
... activity reveal responses ranging from high stimulation to total inhibition. In this review, we compile the existing studies on the topic and discuss the potential causes underlying these contrasting results, with special emphasis on the largely overlooked influences of the community composition and ...
Anbar and Rouxel, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.
... stable isotopes is the emerging connection between metal isotope variations and ocean oxygenation, a consequence of redox-related changes in global ocean isotope budgets of some metals. Large-scale changes in seafloor oxygenation have occurred repeatedly in Earth’s history, on various timescales, but ...
... stable isotopes is the emerging connection between metal isotope variations and ocean oxygenation, a consequence of redox-related changes in global ocean isotope budgets of some metals. Large-scale changes in seafloor oxygenation have occurred repeatedly in Earth’s history, on various timescales, but ...
Final PDF VERSION 09-10 CICS Annual Progress Report JCver3-May-14th
... ocean circulation and the biogeochemical tracers within it. 2. Applications involving the physical components of climate system; coupled oceanatmosphere- land-ice models. These are the traditional ‘climate models’, and will remain of singular importance over the lifetime of this proposal. 3. Applica ...
... ocean circulation and the biogeochemical tracers within it. 2. Applications involving the physical components of climate system; coupled oceanatmosphere- land-ice models. These are the traditional ‘climate models’, and will remain of singular importance over the lifetime of this proposal. 3. Applica ...
Report - INCOIS
... Currents (from north to south) on the western side and the Leeuwin Current on the eastern side, off western Australia, and, during the southwest monsoon, strong seasonal boundary currents, such as the Somali Current The ventilation of the Indian Ocean basin by the subduction of water in the southern ...
... Currents (from north to south) on the western side and the Leeuwin Current on the eastern side, off western Australia, and, during the southwest monsoon, strong seasonal boundary currents, such as the Somali Current The ventilation of the Indian Ocean basin by the subduction of water in the southern ...
Oregon State University Hatfield Marine Science Center 2012
... by taking one of the recommendations from previous reviews and undertaking an intensive assessment of HMSC’s educational needs and opportunities. This was also a response to OSU President Ray’s call for HMSC to accommodate 500 or more students by 2020. Dr. Rob Suryan led the assessment team in a ser ...
... by taking one of the recommendations from previous reviews and undertaking an intensive assessment of HMSC’s educational needs and opportunities. This was also a response to OSU President Ray’s call for HMSC to accommodate 500 or more students by 2020. Dr. Rob Suryan led the assessment team in a ser ...
Marine Litter Distribution and Density in European Seas, from the
... agreement (GA) no. 226354. The authors would like to acknowledge further funds from the Condor project (supported by a grant from Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway through the EEA Financial Mechanism (PT0040/2008)), Corazon (FCT/PTDC/MAR/72169/2006; COMPETE/QREN), CoralFISH (FP7 ENV/2007/1/21314 4), EC ...
... agreement (GA) no. 226354. The authors would like to acknowledge further funds from the Condor project (supported by a grant from Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway through the EEA Financial Mechanism (PT0040/2008)), Corazon (FCT/PTDC/MAR/72169/2006; COMPETE/QREN), CoralFISH (FP7 ENV/2007/1/21314 4), EC ...
Final CICS Annual Report FY 11
... ocean circulation and the biogeochemical tracers within it. 2. Applications involving the physical components of climate system; coupled oceanatmosphere- land-ice models. These are the traditional ‘climate models’, and will remain of singular importance over the lifetime of this proposal. 3. Applica ...
... ocean circulation and the biogeochemical tracers within it. 2. Applications involving the physical components of climate system; coupled oceanatmosphere- land-ice models. These are the traditional ‘climate models’, and will remain of singular importance over the lifetime of this proposal. 3. Applica ...
Marine science and ocean services for development: Unesco/IOC
... international and national sources, acting singly, collectively, or through a joint fund to be established. Special arrangements are needed for small states, particularly island states, with emphasis on joint possession and operation facilities. These activities would be funded through sub-regional ...
... international and national sources, acting singly, collectively, or through a joint fund to be established. Special arrangements are needed for small states, particularly island states, with emphasis on joint possession and operation facilities. These activities would be funded through sub-regional ...
relationships between nodule genesis and topography in the
... towards the centre; a slight inclination is observed in the E-W direction as well. The seafloor is a part of an undulating (4300-4400 m below sea level) plain, its morphology being rendered more complex by a system of longitudinal horsts (4100-4300 m) and grabens (4400-4750m). The presence of volcan ...
... towards the centre; a slight inclination is observed in the E-W direction as well. The seafloor is a part of an undulating (4300-4400 m below sea level) plain, its morphology being rendered more complex by a system of longitudinal horsts (4100-4300 m) and grabens (4400-4750m). The presence of volcan ...
Normalized rare earth elements in water
... (Figure 2), the one felsic (WSA, UCC, PAAS, NASC) and the second ultramafic (chondrites). Although the curves for the WSA and NASC exhibit slightly higher concentrations of the heavy REE versus the light REE, than the curves for the UCC and PAAS, these standards exhibit normalized curves that are qu ...
... (Figure 2), the one felsic (WSA, UCC, PAAS, NASC) and the second ultramafic (chondrites). Although the curves for the WSA and NASC exhibit slightly higher concentrations of the heavy REE versus the light REE, than the curves for the UCC and PAAS, these standards exhibit normalized curves that are qu ...
Interacting Effects of Light and Iron Availability on the Coupling of
... Phytoplankton CO2-assimilation can be measured directly using the radioisotope tracer 14C [13,14]. This technique has been widely applied in biological oceanography over the past 60 years, despite a number of well-known limitations (e.g. low spatial and temporal resolution, high cost and labour inte ...
... Phytoplankton CO2-assimilation can be measured directly using the radioisotope tracer 14C [13,14]. This technique has been widely applied in biological oceanography over the past 60 years, despite a number of well-known limitations (e.g. low spatial and temporal resolution, high cost and labour inte ...
Model - Defra Science Search
... Carlingford Lough is below the level where growth is inhibited by stock density and that a five-fold increase in seeding would maximise oyster production. A limitation of the model is that of the small number of boxes in the model that may cause some bias of the result due to the positioning of the ...
... Carlingford Lough is below the level where growth is inhibited by stock density and that a five-fold increase in seeding would maximise oyster production. A limitation of the model is that of the small number of boxes in the model that may cause some bias of the result due to the positioning of the ...
The Distribution, Abundance and Ecology of
... Mixotrophic algae are algae that combine photosynthesis with phagotrophy to satisfy nutritional requirements. Mixotrophic algae have been found to dominate the nanoplankton assemblage in some aquatic environments, and algal phagotrophy can account for a significant fraction of total bacterivory on o ...
... Mixotrophic algae are algae that combine photosynthesis with phagotrophy to satisfy nutritional requirements. Mixotrophic algae have been found to dominate the nanoplankton assemblage in some aquatic environments, and algal phagotrophy can account for a significant fraction of total bacterivory on o ...
Possible evidence for a large decrease in seawater strontium
... many shallow marine fossiliferous sediments of the Cenozoic. Fossil shells are found in a wide variety of facies worldwide, and they have numerous modern representatives. The ecological tolerances of modern turritellids are relatively well constrained: they prefer relatively shallow shelf environmen ...
... many shallow marine fossiliferous sediments of the Cenozoic. Fossil shells are found in a wide variety of facies worldwide, and they have numerous modern representatives. The ecological tolerances of modern turritellids are relatively well constrained: they prefer relatively shallow shelf environmen ...
Ecological Linkages: Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems of Central
... several degrees from the mean temperature. Such shifts in mean surface water temperature, known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, have been detected 5 times during ...
... several degrees from the mean temperature. Such shifts in mean surface water temperature, known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, have been detected 5 times during ...
Ecological Linkages: Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems of Central
... several degrees from the mean temperature. Such shifts in mean surface water temperature, known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, have been detected 5 times during ...
... several degrees from the mean temperature. Such shifts in mean surface water temperature, known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, have been detected 5 times during ...
Co-occurring Synechococcus ecotypes occupy four major
... in ecotypes that occupy different temperature and nutrient regimes (Johnson et al., 2006; Coleman and Chisholm, 2007; Martiny et al., 2009; Malmstrom et al., 2012). Such integration of information about the biogeographic and phylogenetic relatedness of ecotypes provides insight into evolutionary pro ...
... in ecotypes that occupy different temperature and nutrient regimes (Johnson et al., 2006; Coleman and Chisholm, 2007; Martiny et al., 2009; Malmstrom et al., 2012). Such integration of information about the biogeographic and phylogenetic relatedness of ecotypes provides insight into evolutionary pro ...
PHYTOPLANKTON CELL DEATH INDUCED BY SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION TESI DOCTORAL
... its growth and distribution (Holm-Hansen et al. 1993, Neale 2001). Phytoplankton organisms display numerous photoprotection and reparation systems to avoid the harmful effects of UVR, such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), antioxidants like carotenoids, and mechanisms to repair damage to prote ...
... its growth and distribution (Holm-Hansen et al. 1993, Neale 2001). Phytoplankton organisms display numerous photoprotection and reparation systems to avoid the harmful effects of UVR, such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), antioxidants like carotenoids, and mechanisms to repair damage to prote ...
Olivier MARCHAL
... 2007 (available at http://www.whoi.edu/oceanus/view/index.do) 7. Jackson C., Liu Y., and Marchal O. Can models of abrupt climate change be tested from sea level reconstructions?, PAGES News, vol. 14, No. 2, 24–26, 2006 6. Stocker T. F. and Marchal O. Recent progress in paleoclimate modeling: Climate ...
... 2007 (available at http://www.whoi.edu/oceanus/view/index.do) 7. Jackson C., Liu Y., and Marchal O. Can models of abrupt climate change be tested from sea level reconstructions?, PAGES News, vol. 14, No. 2, 24–26, 2006 6. Stocker T. F. and Marchal O. Recent progress in paleoclimate modeling: Climate ...
An Assessment of the Seasonal Salinity Budget for the Upper Bay of
... JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY ...
... JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY ...
Surface ocean-lower atmosphere study: Scientific synthesis and
... Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere program (TOGA) and the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS). This new project would integrate their findings and unanswered questions into an interdisciplinary study of the coupled physical, biological, and chemical processes operating in the euphotic zone. In 19 ...
... Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere program (TOGA) and the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS). This new project would integrate their findings and unanswered questions into an interdisciplinary study of the coupled physical, biological, and chemical processes operating in the euphotic zone. In 19 ...
module description book - Marine Environment and Resources
... particular areas of marine science. Two specialisations are available, designed to provide in‐ depth knowledge in individual marine disciplines. Selecting one of these pathways is not a requirement; students can still maintain a multidisciplinary choice of options, within the timetabling con ...
... particular areas of marine science. Two specialisations are available, designed to provide in‐ depth knowledge in individual marine disciplines. Selecting one of these pathways is not a requirement; students can still maintain a multidisciplinary choice of options, within the timetabling con ...
Mapping and Monitoring Large-Scale Ocean Fronts Off the
... 1983), although numerous attempts have been made. According to Owen (1981), for example, “a front is a line or linear zone that defines an axis of laterally convergent flow, below or above which vertical motion is induced.” Frontal boundaries are often so pronounced that they are easily observed aboar ...
... 1983), although numerous attempts have been made. According to Owen (1981), for example, “a front is a line or linear zone that defines an axis of laterally convergent flow, below or above which vertical motion is induced.” Frontal boundaries are often so pronounced that they are easily observed aboar ...
Simulation of the mantle and crustal helium isotope
... to be improved: in the eastern basin, tritium/helium-3 simulations have highlighted the too-weak formation of Adriatic Deep Water (AdDW), followed by a weak contribution to the Eastern Mediterranean Deep Water (EMDW) in the Ionian sub-basin. In the western basin, the production of WMDW is correct, b ...
... to be improved: in the eastern basin, tritium/helium-3 simulations have highlighted the too-weak formation of Adriatic Deep Water (AdDW), followed by a weak contribution to the Eastern Mediterranean Deep Water (EMDW) in the Ionian sub-basin. In the western basin, the production of WMDW is correct, b ...
- University of Cambridge
... ABSTR AC T. Hothouse climates in Earth’s geologic past, such as the Eocene epoch, are thought to have been caused by the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide and/or methane, which had been stored as carbon in biogenic gases and organic matter in sediments, to the ocean-atmosphere system. Howe ...
... ABSTR AC T. Hothouse climates in Earth’s geologic past, such as the Eocene epoch, are thought to have been caused by the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide and/or methane, which had been stored as carbon in biogenic gases and organic matter in sediments, to the ocean-atmosphere system. Howe ...
Ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/North_Pacific_Subtropical_Convergence_Zone.jpg?width=300)
The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is the largest contiguous ecosystem on earth. In oceanography, a subtropical gyre is a ring-like system of ocean currents rotating clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere caused by the Coriolis Effect. They generally form in large open ocean areas that lie between land masses.The NPSG is the largest of the gyres as well as the largest ecosystem on our planet. Like other subtropical gyres, it has a high-pressure zone in its center. Circulation around the center is clockwise around this high-pressure zone. Subtropical gyres make up 40% of the Earth’s surface and play critical roles in carbon fixation and nutrient cycling. This particular gyre covers most of the Pacific Ocean and comprises four prevailing ocean currents: the North Pacific Current to the north, the California Current to the east, the North Equatorial Current to the south, and the Kuroshio Current to the west. Its large size and distance from shore has caused the NPSG to be poorly sampled and thus poorly understood.The life processes in open-ocean ecosystems are a sink for the atmosphere’s increasing CO2. Gyres make up a large proportion, approximately 75%, of what we refer to as the open ocean, or the area of the ocean that does not consist of coastal areas. They are considered oligotrophic, or nutrient poor because they are far from terrestrial runoff. These regions were once thought to be homogenous and static habitats. However, there is increasing evidence that the NPSG exhibits substantial physical, chemical, and biological variability on a variety of time scales. Specifically, the NPSG exhibits seasonal and interannual variations in primary productivity (simply defined as the production of new plant material), which is important for the uptake of CO2.The NPSG is not only a sink for CO2 in the atmosphere, but also other pollutants. As a direct result of this circular pattern, gyres act like giant whirlpools and become traps for anthropogenic pollutants, such as marine debris. The NPSG has become recognized for the large quantity of plastic debris floating just below the surface in the center of the gyre. This area has recently received a lot of media attention and is commonly referred to as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.