![zmt Report 2011/2012](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/007969545_1-4e9993c898cded9b883b7405ab988a84-300x300.png)
zmt Report 2011/2012
... covered the year 2011. It was revised during the reporting period in adaptation to timely research questions and new expertise gained by the ZMT. The new programme areas with their subareas are: 1. Ecosystem functioning and services • Tropical upwelling systems as resource providers and analogues f ...
... covered the year 2011. It was revised during the reporting period in adaptation to timely research questions and new expertise gained by the ZMT. The new programme areas with their subareas are: 1. Ecosystem functioning and services • Tropical upwelling systems as resource providers and analogues f ...
The Remarkable Diversity of Seafloor Vents
... continue to find new sites that completely break the mold. As recently as December 2000, researchers diving in the Mid-Atlantic discovered “Lost City,” a vent site located far away from the ridge axis, on old rather than nascent seafloor crust, and with 15story-high white minaret-like structures mad ...
... continue to find new sites that completely break the mold. As recently as December 2000, researchers diving in the Mid-Atlantic discovered “Lost City,” a vent site located far away from the ridge axis, on old rather than nascent seafloor crust, and with 15story-high white minaret-like structures mad ...
The monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean
... During the past 40 years, an intensive coordinated study of the Indian Ocean has taken place every decade or so. The first coordinated investigation was carried out during the International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE) in 1964–66. It consisted of a basin-wide survey that subsequently resulted in a ...
... During the past 40 years, an intensive coordinated study of the Indian Ocean has taken place every decade or so. The first coordinated investigation was carried out during the International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE) in 1964–66. It consisted of a basin-wide survey that subsequently resulted in a ...
Circulation at the western boundary of the South and Equatorial
... than 80 Sv when the barotropic character of the current is taken into account (Peterson, 1992). In the subtropical domain, the thickness increase of the poleward ow, from about zero near 10S to more than 3000 m at 38S, causes an ambiguity in the very de nition of the Brazil Current. Current meter ...
... than 80 Sv when the barotropic character of the current is taken into account (Peterson, 1992). In the subtropical domain, the thickness increase of the poleward ow, from about zero near 10S to more than 3000 m at 38S, causes an ambiguity in the very de nition of the Brazil Current. Current meter ...
Circulation at the western boundary of the South and Equatorial
... than 80 Sv when the barotropic character of the current is taken into account (Peterson, 1992). In the subtropical domain, the thickness increase of the poleward !ow, from about zero near 10S to more than 3000 m at 38S, causes an ambiguity in the very de"nition of the Brazil Current. Current meter a ...
... than 80 Sv when the barotropic character of the current is taken into account (Peterson, 1992). In the subtropical domain, the thickness increase of the poleward !ow, from about zero near 10S to more than 3000 m at 38S, causes an ambiguity in the very de"nition of the Brazil Current. Current meter a ...
LESSON PLANS - hiddencorner.us
... planet”? Ask students to estimate what percentage of Earth’s surface is water. Tell them that the ocean covers about 71 percent of Earth’s surface. 3. WRITE THE AIM: What is marine science? Explain that marine science is a field of knowledge about the ocean, composed of marine biology and oceanograp ...
... planet”? Ask students to estimate what percentage of Earth’s surface is water. Tell them that the ocean covers about 71 percent of Earth’s surface. 3. WRITE THE AIM: What is marine science? Explain that marine science is a field of knowledge about the ocean, composed of marine biology and oceanograp ...
MTS Journal Part 2 - Ocean Innovations
... vehicle (HROV) Nereus and other high-performance systems requiring maximum buoyancy with minimum air weight. WHOI successfully operated their HROV in the Mariana Trench Challenger Deep in Summer 2009, scooting across the trench floor for a total of 11 h at 36,000 feet (11,000 m). More than 1,750 3.6- ...
... vehicle (HROV) Nereus and other high-performance systems requiring maximum buoyancy with minimum air weight. WHOI successfully operated their HROV in the Mariana Trench Challenger Deep in Summer 2009, scooting across the trench floor for a total of 11 h at 36,000 feet (11,000 m). More than 1,750 3.6- ...
Iodine chemistry reflects productivity and denitrification in the
... Free sulfide was not measurable (o0.1 nM) at any of the stations or depths sampled during March or April 1995, but detectable (B2 nM) sulfide was observed in October 1992 (Theberge et al., 1997). ...
... Free sulfide was not measurable (o0.1 nM) at any of the stations or depths sampled during March or April 1995, but detectable (B2 nM) sulfide was observed in October 1992 (Theberge et al., 1997). ...
Chemotrophic Microbial Mats and Their Potential
... 1994; Graco et al., 2001; Knittel et al., 2003; Nikolaus et al., 2003; Kalanetra et al., 2005). Large filamentous sulfuroxidizing Thiothrix and ‘‘White Point vacuolate bacteria’’ can resemble marine Beggiatoa and can be found in similar habitats, though they are generally present as forms attached t ...
... 1994; Graco et al., 2001; Knittel et al., 2003; Nikolaus et al., 2003; Kalanetra et al., 2005). Large filamentous sulfuroxidizing Thiothrix and ‘‘White Point vacuolate bacteria’’ can resemble marine Beggiatoa and can be found in similar habitats, though they are generally present as forms attached t ...
Distribution of free-living and particle
... Little is known about the distribution and physiology of marine AAP bacteria. Originally it was suggested that they would be abundant in oligotrophic environments, where the capacity to use light might represent a significant ecological advantage (Kolber et al. 2001). Later, AAP bacteria were also f ...
... Little is known about the distribution and physiology of marine AAP bacteria. Originally it was suggested that they would be abundant in oligotrophic environments, where the capacity to use light might represent a significant ecological advantage (Kolber et al. 2001). Later, AAP bacteria were also f ...
Ocean Science - International Science Center
... year. It is strongest in the tropics and decreases to non-existent in the polar winter season. ...
... year. It is strongest in the tropics and decreases to non-existent in the polar winter season. ...
A review of deep-sea benthic biodiversity associated with trench
... canyon and abyssal habitats below 1500 m depth in New Zealand waters. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No 92. 133p. We review the state of knowledge of benthic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in deep-sea abyssal, canyon and trench habitats in the New Zealand Exclusive E ...
... canyon and abyssal habitats below 1500 m depth in New Zealand waters. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No 92. 133p. We review the state of knowledge of benthic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in deep-sea abyssal, canyon and trench habitats in the New Zealand Exclusive E ...
Authigenic iron oxide proxies for marine zinc over
... communities have been observed in some high nutrient, low chlorophyll environments (Franck et al., 2003; Jakuba et al., 2012), but not in other environments (Crawford et al., 2003; Coale et al., 2005). While physiological studies of phytoplankton Zn requirements are limited and it is apparent that n ...
... communities have been observed in some high nutrient, low chlorophyll environments (Franck et al., 2003; Jakuba et al., 2012), but not in other environments (Crawford et al., 2003; Coale et al., 2005). While physiological studies of phytoplankton Zn requirements are limited and it is apparent that n ...
Eastern Caribbean Regional Ocean Policy
... The most pressing rationale for a focus on governance at the regional scale lies in the many transboundary oceanographic and ecological linkages within the Wider Caribbean. With many marine resources being shared, it can be expected that there will be emphasis on transboundary or shared resources wh ...
... The most pressing rationale for a focus on governance at the regional scale lies in the many transboundary oceanographic and ecological linkages within the Wider Caribbean. With many marine resources being shared, it can be expected that there will be emphasis on transboundary or shared resources wh ...
ecological monitoring plan
... The proposed Manicouagan MPA is located on the north shore of the St. Lawrence estuary in Quebec, Canada. It surrounds the Manicouagan Peninsula between the Manicouagan and Betsiamites river estuaries, and extends from the low water mark out to the Laurentian Channel (isobath of 300 m depth), coveri ...
... The proposed Manicouagan MPA is located on the north shore of the St. Lawrence estuary in Quebec, Canada. It surrounds the Manicouagan Peninsula between the Manicouagan and Betsiamites river estuaries, and extends from the low water mark out to the Laurentian Channel (isobath of 300 m depth), coveri ...
Sargasso Sea Alliance
... The Sargasso Sea is a fundamentally important part of the world’s ocean, located within the North Atlantic sub-tropical gyre with its boundaries defined by the surrounding currents. It is the only sea without land boundaries with water depths ranging from the surface coral reefs of Bermuda to abyssa ...
... The Sargasso Sea is a fundamentally important part of the world’s ocean, located within the North Atlantic sub-tropical gyre with its boundaries defined by the surrounding currents. It is the only sea without land boundaries with water depths ranging from the surface coral reefs of Bermuda to abyssa ...
Convention on Biological Diversity
... The Sargasso Sea is a fundamentally important part of the world’s ocean, located within the North Atlantic sub-tropical gyre with its boundaries defined by the surrounding currents. It is the only sea without land boundaries with water depths ranging from the surface coral reefs of Bermuda to abyssa ...
... The Sargasso Sea is a fundamentally important part of the world’s ocean, located within the North Atlantic sub-tropical gyre with its boundaries defined by the surrounding currents. It is the only sea without land boundaries with water depths ranging from the surface coral reefs of Bermuda to abyssa ...
The impact of urbanisation on coral reef ecosystems
... Figure 5.4.2 - Ordination showing the first two axes of the PCO analysis. a) Symbols represent biotopes for seawater (Wt), sediment (Sd), S. massa (Sm), S. carteri (Sc), X. testudinaria (Xt) and H. erectus (He). Very small circles represent OTUs < 100 sequence reads. b) Numbers represent abundant ( ...
... Figure 5.4.2 - Ordination showing the first two axes of the PCO analysis. a) Symbols represent biotopes for seawater (Wt), sediment (Sd), S. massa (Sm), S. carteri (Sc), X. testudinaria (Xt) and H. erectus (He). Very small circles represent OTUs < 100 sequence reads. b) Numbers represent abundant ( ...
Platinum-group elements (PGE) and rhenium in marine sediments
... Abstract—The nature of Re–platinum-group element (PGE; Pt, Pd, Ir, Os, Ru) transport in the marine environment was investigated by means of marine sediments at and across the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary (KTB) at two hemipelagic sites in Europe and two pelagic sites in the North and South Pacific. A ...
... Abstract—The nature of Re–platinum-group element (PGE; Pt, Pd, Ir, Os, Ru) transport in the marine environment was investigated by means of marine sediments at and across the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary (KTB) at two hemipelagic sites in Europe and two pelagic sites in the North and South Pacific. A ...
Reports - geo
... all of these will result in new governance mechanism. In conclusion, there is a need to shift from project-based observations to long-term time-series observations, to ensure full and open exchange of data, and to better coordinate projects and initiatives to ensure that they converge in meeting soc ...
... all of these will result in new governance mechanism. In conclusion, there is a need to shift from project-based observations to long-term time-series observations, to ensure full and open exchange of data, and to better coordinate projects and initiatives to ensure that they converge in meeting soc ...
Guide to satellite remote sensing of the marine environment
... enormous potential of satellite microwave techniques for detecting changes in polar ice masses. Ocean circulation patterns and long-term changes in polar ice represent two of the most fundamental processes in determining the earth’s climate; until they can be accurately monitored over long time-scal ...
... enormous potential of satellite microwave techniques for detecting changes in polar ice masses. Ocean circulation patterns and long-term changes in polar ice represent two of the most fundamental processes in determining the earth’s climate; until they can be accurately monitored over long time-scal ...
Winter ichthyoplankton biomass as a predictor of early summer prey
... exhibit substantial seasonal and interannual variability (Brodeur et al. 2007, Weitkamp & Sturdevant ...
... exhibit substantial seasonal and interannual variability (Brodeur et al. 2007, Weitkamp & Sturdevant ...
Biological Sciences
... consistent until at least 1997, and a precipitous decline began in 2001. The condition of individual fish also declined after the mid‑1990s (coincident with the start of the commercial fishery), as evidenced by the greater proportion of animals displaying an ‘axe-handle’ morphology—a term coined by ...
... consistent until at least 1997, and a precipitous decline began in 2001. The condition of individual fish also declined after the mid‑1990s (coincident with the start of the commercial fishery), as evidenced by the greater proportion of animals displaying an ‘axe-handle’ morphology—a term coined by ...
Comparison of Argo and Aquarius sea surface salinity probability
... Using Argo in situ and Aquarius version 3.0 sea surface salinity, we compare measured salinity across metric distributions. In addition to traditional comparisons between mean or median values, the 1%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 99% quantiles of the statistical distributions are compared. The datas ...
... Using Argo in situ and Aquarius version 3.0 sea surface salinity, we compare measured salinity across metric distributions. In addition to traditional comparisons between mean or median values, the 1%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 99% quantiles of the statistical distributions are compared. The datas ...
Deep-Sea Life
... In May 2016, Ifremer, the French Institute for Research and Exploitation of the Sea, will be launching a new project called “Pourquoi Pas les Abysses”. During the past few years, New Generation Sequencing allowed fast and great advances in the knowledge of the distribution of microbial life on Earth ...
... In May 2016, Ifremer, the French Institute for Research and Exploitation of the Sea, will be launching a new project called “Pourquoi Pas les Abysses”. During the past few years, New Generation Sequencing allowed fast and great advances in the knowledge of the distribution of microbial life on Earth ...
Ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/North_Pacific_Subtropical_Convergence_Zone.jpg?width=300)
The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is the largest contiguous ecosystem on earth. In oceanography, a subtropical gyre is a ring-like system of ocean currents rotating clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere caused by the Coriolis Effect. They generally form in large open ocean areas that lie between land masses.The NPSG is the largest of the gyres as well as the largest ecosystem on our planet. Like other subtropical gyres, it has a high-pressure zone in its center. Circulation around the center is clockwise around this high-pressure zone. Subtropical gyres make up 40% of the Earth’s surface and play critical roles in carbon fixation and nutrient cycling. This particular gyre covers most of the Pacific Ocean and comprises four prevailing ocean currents: the North Pacific Current to the north, the California Current to the east, the North Equatorial Current to the south, and the Kuroshio Current to the west. Its large size and distance from shore has caused the NPSG to be poorly sampled and thus poorly understood.The life processes in open-ocean ecosystems are a sink for the atmosphere’s increasing CO2. Gyres make up a large proportion, approximately 75%, of what we refer to as the open ocean, or the area of the ocean that does not consist of coastal areas. They are considered oligotrophic, or nutrient poor because they are far from terrestrial runoff. These regions were once thought to be homogenous and static habitats. However, there is increasing evidence that the NPSG exhibits substantial physical, chemical, and biological variability on a variety of time scales. Specifically, the NPSG exhibits seasonal and interannual variations in primary productivity (simply defined as the production of new plant material), which is important for the uptake of CO2.The NPSG is not only a sink for CO2 in the atmosphere, but also other pollutants. As a direct result of this circular pattern, gyres act like giant whirlpools and become traps for anthropogenic pollutants, such as marine debris. The NPSG has become recognized for the large quantity of plastic debris floating just below the surface in the center of the gyre. This area has recently received a lot of media attention and is commonly referred to as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.