The Rise of Europe and the Middle Ages
... Bishop of Rome became known as Pope – the head of what is now known as the Roman Catholic Church ...
... Bishop of Rome became known as Pope – the head of what is now known as the Roman Catholic Church ...
Orthodox Christianity in the East
... The Byzantine Empire-The Eastern half of the Roman Empire As the Roman Empire continued to grow in size, it became increasingly more difficult to control. In 284 AD Emperor Diocletian (284-305) came to the throne after a century of disorganization, internal dissent, economic collapse, and foreign in ...
... The Byzantine Empire-The Eastern half of the Roman Empire As the Roman Empire continued to grow in size, it became increasingly more difficult to control. In 284 AD Emperor Diocletian (284-305) came to the throne after a century of disorganization, internal dissent, economic collapse, and foreign in ...
byzantine empire
... The Byzantine Empire, and its capital of Constantinople, held a strategic geographical significance. Constantinople is located right between the Black Sea and the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. As a result most trade between Asia, Europe and North Africa had to pass through the Byzantine Empire. ...
... The Byzantine Empire, and its capital of Constantinople, held a strategic geographical significance. Constantinople is located right between the Black Sea and the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. As a result most trade between Asia, Europe and North Africa had to pass through the Byzantine Empire. ...
WORLD IN TRANSITION
... Poor diet, illness, malnutrition make life expectancy 35 years Serfs generally accept their lives as part of God’s plan ...
... Poor diet, illness, malnutrition make life expectancy 35 years Serfs generally accept their lives as part of God’s plan ...
Fusion Review Byzantine Russia
... guarded the city. Later a huge chain was even strung across the city’s north harbor for greater protection. Invaders could not easily take Constantinople. The Byzantines at first followed Roman ways. Constantinople was known as the ‘New Rome.’ Its public buildings and palaces were built in the Roman ...
... guarded the city. Later a huge chain was even strung across the city’s north harbor for greater protection. Invaders could not easily take Constantinople. The Byzantines at first followed Roman ways. Constantinople was known as the ‘New Rome.’ Its public buildings and palaces were built in the Roman ...
The Byzantine Empire
... — Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, Manuel Komroff, ed., Contemporaries of Marco Polo, Boni & Liveright This author would most likely agree with the idea that the (1) size of Constantinople limited trade (2) cities of western Europe were more impressive than Constantinople (3) location of Constantinople con ...
... — Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, Manuel Komroff, ed., Contemporaries of Marco Polo, Boni & Liveright This author would most likely agree with the idea that the (1) size of Constantinople limited trade (2) cities of western Europe were more impressive than Constantinople (3) location of Constantinople con ...
The Byzantine Empire - White Plains Public Schools
... — Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, Manuel Komroff, ed., Contemporaries of Marco Polo, Boni & Liveright This author would most likely agree with the idea that the (1) size of Constantinople limited trade (2) cities of western Europe were more impressive than Constantinople (3) location of Constantinople con ...
... — Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, Manuel Komroff, ed., Contemporaries of Marco Polo, Boni & Liveright This author would most likely agree with the idea that the (1) size of Constantinople limited trade (2) cities of western Europe were more impressive than Constantinople (3) location of Constantinople con ...
World History Byzantine Empire Review #1 • The Western Roman
... After Jesus’ death his religion slowly started to grow in the Roman Empire. ___________________ was very important in the spreading of Christianity to non-Jewish Roman citizens. ...
... After Jesus’ death his religion slowly started to grow in the Roman Empire. ___________________ was very important in the spreading of Christianity to non-Jewish Roman citizens. ...
Byzantine Empire
... the Byzantines developed a written set of laws and strongly influenced art and architecture of the time. • The Byzantine empire preserved the Greek, Roman and Persian achievements as well as influencing the development of Russia and Eastern Europe. ...
... the Byzantines developed a written set of laws and strongly influenced art and architecture of the time. • The Byzantine empire preserved the Greek, Roman and Persian achievements as well as influencing the development of Russia and Eastern Europe. ...
Byzantine Empire - Mr. Jones @ Overton
... The Byzantine emperors faced different challenges Conflict with Sasanid dynasty (226-641 C.E.) in Persia Invasions of migratory peoples from the north and east ...
... The Byzantine emperors faced different challenges Conflict with Sasanid dynasty (226-641 C.E.) in Persia Invasions of migratory peoples from the north and east ...
The Rise of the Middle Ages
... • At first official language of government was Latin, but was replaced with Greek ...
... • At first official language of government was Latin, but was replaced with Greek ...
The Middle Ages in Europe
... • The western half of the Roman Empire collapsed in the 5th century, but the eastern half survived for another 1,000 years. • A new Byzantine culture developed, but the people of Byzantium saw themselves as simply continuing the Roman Empire. • The Byzantine Empire became a powerful economic, cultur ...
... • The western half of the Roman Empire collapsed in the 5th century, but the eastern half survived for another 1,000 years. • A new Byzantine culture developed, but the people of Byzantium saw themselves as simply continuing the Roman Empire. • The Byzantine Empire became a powerful economic, cultur ...
chapter_10_rev_handout
... 41) Which of these typify the Byzantine Empire in the eleventh century? A) One emperor rapidly replaced another. B) A long period of stability occurred. C) Political stability was accompanied by recurrences of the plague. D) The Empire was conquered by Turks. 42) As the Turks prepared to conquer the ...
... 41) Which of these typify the Byzantine Empire in the eleventh century? A) One emperor rapidly replaced another. B) A long period of stability occurred. C) Political stability was accompanied by recurrences of the plague. D) The Empire was conquered by Turks. 42) As the Turks prepared to conquer the ...
Byzantine Empire
... 1090’s--Crusading armies passing through Byz. Emp. brought Greek and Roman knowledge back to WE ...
... 1090’s--Crusading armies passing through Byz. Emp. brought Greek and Roman knowledge back to WE ...
Byzantine Empire - Essays on the Dot
... Constantine established a new capital city for the Eastern Roman Empire; the city was called Constantinople that was built on the Greek city of Byzantium. The new capital became a fortress city capable of resisting attack from invaders coming through land or sea. Constantinople became the center of ...
... Constantine established a new capital city for the Eastern Roman Empire; the city was called Constantinople that was built on the Greek city of Byzantium. The new capital became a fortress city capable of resisting attack from invaders coming through land or sea. Constantinople became the center of ...
Byzantine Empire & The Great Schism,
... Unlike priests in Western Europe, the Byzantine clergy kept their right to marry. Greek, not Latin, was the language of the Byzantine Church. The chief Byzantine holy day was Easter, celebrated as the day Jesus rose from the dead. In contrast, western Christians placed great emphasis on Christmas, ...
... Unlike priests in Western Europe, the Byzantine clergy kept their right to marry. Greek, not Latin, was the language of the Byzantine Church. The chief Byzantine holy day was Easter, celebrated as the day Jesus rose from the dead. In contrast, western Christians placed great emphasis on Christmas, ...
Constantinople
... According to this map, how many continents was the Byzantine Empire located on? A. B. C. ...
... According to this map, how many continents was the Byzantine Empire located on? A. B. C. ...
Bellwork - Moore Public Schools
... split and eventually fell. We will discuss the rise of the Byzantine Empire and the effect that Emperor Justinian and his code had on the empire. We will also compare the Justinian code to present day issues and examples. ...
... split and eventually fell. We will discuss the rise of the Byzantine Empire and the effect that Emperor Justinian and his code had on the empire. We will also compare the Justinian code to present day issues and examples. ...
10.2 The Byzantine Empire
... To the rescue came a man of whom you have heard before. None other than Theodosius took the throne. Theodosius was a Spaniard, a devout Roman Catholic, and a good general. As emperor he called the Constantinople Council where leaders of the church rejected the Arian heresy once and for all. With thi ...
... To the rescue came a man of whom you have heard before. None other than Theodosius took the throne. Theodosius was a Spaniard, a devout Roman Catholic, and a good general. As emperor he called the Constantinople Council where leaders of the church rejected the Arian heresy once and for all. With thi ...
THE MAKING OF EUROPE
... The council produced the Nicene Creed- the doctrine that Christ was the same substance of God The Nicene Creed became Christian orthodoxy Bishop Ambrose formulated the theory that the church was separate from and superior to the state ...
... The council produced the Nicene Creed- the doctrine that Christ was the same substance of God The Nicene Creed became Christian orthodoxy Bishop Ambrose formulated the theory that the church was separate from and superior to the state ...
Slide 1
... someone who died as a ruler, over that of someone who lived but was nothing. (Be BRAVE!) • Her determined speech convinced Justinian and his officials and they attacked the Hippodrome, killing over 30,000 rebels and emerging victorious. • Historians agree that it was Theodora's courage and determina ...
... someone who died as a ruler, over that of someone who lived but was nothing. (Be BRAVE!) • Her determined speech convinced Justinian and his officials and they attacked the Hippodrome, killing over 30,000 rebels and emerging victorious. • Historians agree that it was Theodora's courage and determina ...
Justinian and Theodora
... 4. The patriarch and other bishops head the church as a group 5. The emperor claimed authority over the patriarch and other bishops of the Byzantine Empire 6. Priests may be married 7. Divorce is allowed under certain conditions ...
... 4. The patriarch and other bishops head the church as a group 5. The emperor claimed authority over the patriarch and other bishops of the Byzantine Empire 6. Priests may be married 7. Divorce is allowed under certain conditions ...
Fusion The Byzantine Empire - White Plains Public Schools
... “The Western Roman Empire crumbled in the fifth century as it was overrun by invading Germanic tribes. By this time, however, the once great empire had already undergone significant changes. It had been divided into western and eastern empires, and its capital had moved east from Rome to the Greek c ...
... “The Western Roman Empire crumbled in the fifth century as it was overrun by invading Germanic tribes. By this time, however, the once great empire had already undergone significant changes. It had been divided into western and eastern empires, and its capital had moved east from Rome to the Greek c ...
State church of the Roman Empire
Nicene Christianity became the state church of the Roman Empire with the Edict of Thessalonica in 380 CE, when Emperor Theodosius I made it the Empire's sole authorized religion. The Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, and the Catholic Church each claim to be the historical continuation of this church in its original form, but do not identify with it in the caesaropapist form that it took later. Unlike Constantine I, who with the Edict of Milan of 313 CE had established tolerance for Christianity without placing it above other religions and whose involvement in matters of the Christian faith extended to convoking councils of bishops who were to determine doctrine and to presiding at their meetings, but not to determining doctrine himself, Theodosius established a single Christian doctrine, which he specified as that professed by Pope Damasus I of Rome and Pope Peter II of Alexandria, as the state's official religion.Earlier in the 4th century, following the Diocletianic Persecution and the Donatist controversy that arose following it, Constantine convened councils of Christian bishops to define an orthodox, or correct, Christian faith, expanding on earlier Christian councils. Numerous councils were held during the 4th and 5th centuries, but Christianity continued to suffer rifts and schisms surrounding the issues of Arianism, Nestorianism, and Miaphysitism. In the 5th century, the Western Empire decayed as a polity, with Rome being sacked in 410 and 455, and Romulus Augustus, the last nominal Western Emperor, being forced by Odoacer to abdicate in 476. However, apart from the aforementioned schisms, the church as an institution persisted in communion, if not without tension, between the east and west. In the 6th century Justinian I recovered Italy and other sections of the western Mediterranean shore. The empire soon lost most of these gains, but held Rome, as part of the Exarchate of Ravenna, until 751, a period known as the Byzantine Papacy. The Muslim conquests of the 7th century would begin a process of converting most of the Christian world in West Asia and North Africa to Islam, severely weakening both the Byzantine Empire and its church. Missionary activity directed from Constantinople did not lead to a lasting expansion of the power of the empire's state church, since areas outside the empire's political and military control set up their own distinct state churches, as in the case of Bulgaria in 919.Justin I, who became emperor in 518, established the bishops of Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem as the leadership of the Imperial church, referred to as the Pentarchy. By his time, the churches that now form Oriental Orthodoxy had already seceded from the state church, while in the west Christianity was mostly subject to the laws and customs of nations that owed no allegiance to the emperor. While eastern-born popes who were appointed or at least confirmed by the emperor continued to be loyal to him as their political lord, they refused to accept his authority in religious matters, or the authority of such a council as the imperially convoked Council of Hieria. Pope Gregory III (731-741) was the last to ask the Byzantine ruler to ratify his election. By then, the Empire's state church as originally conceived had ceased to exist. In the East, only the largest fragment of the Christian church was under the emperor's control, and with the crowning of Charlemagne on 25 December 800 AD as Imperator Romanorum by the latter's ally, Pope Leo III, the de facto political split between east and west became irrevocable. Spiritually, the Chalcedonian Church, as a communion broader than the imperial state church, continued to persist as a unified entity, at least in theory, until the Great Schism and its formal division with the mutual excommunication in 1054 of Rome and Constantinople. Where the emperor's power remained, the state church developed in a caesaropapist form, although as the Byzantine Empire lost most of its territory to Islam, increasingly the members of the church lived outside the Byzantine state. It was finally extinguished with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.Western missionary activities created a communion of churches that extended beyond the empire, a communion predating the establishment of the state church. The obliteration of the Empire's boundaries by Germanic peoples and an outburst of missionary activity among these peoples, who had no direct links with the Eastern Roman Empire, and among Celtic peoples who had never been part of the Roman Empire, fostered the idea of a universal church free from association with a particular state. On the contrary, ""in the East Roman or Byzantine view, when the Roman Empire became Christian, the perfect world order willed by God had been achieved: one universal empire was sovereign, and coterminous with it was the one universal church""; and the state church came, by the time of the demise of the empire in 1453, to merge psychologically with it to the extent that its bishops had difficulty in thinking of Christianity without an emperor.Modern authors refer to this state church in a variety of ways: as the catholic church, the orthodox church, the imperial church, the imperial Roman church, or the Byzantine church, although some of these terms are also used for wider communions extending outside the Roman Empire. Its legacy carries on, directly or indirectly, in today's Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church, as well as in others, such as the Anglican Communion.