Decoding visual consciousness from human
... Figure 1. Encoding of the contents of consciousness in a core NCC. (a) This classic sketch by Ernst Mach shows his first-person experience while he is looking out into his study. Experiences can vary along several dimensions (shades of brightness, orientations, textures and so on) and hierarchical l ...
... Figure 1. Encoding of the contents of consciousness in a core NCC. (a) This classic sketch by Ernst Mach shows his first-person experience while he is looking out into his study. Experiences can vary along several dimensions (shades of brightness, orientations, textures and so on) and hierarchical l ...
`What` and `where` in the human brain
... cells may respond to ‘virtual’ or illusory contours of figures [I31, some V4 cells respond only if a stimulus stands out from its background on the basis of a difference in color or form 114,151, and inferior temporal cells respond selectively to global or overall object features, such as shape 1161 ...
... cells may respond to ‘virtual’ or illusory contours of figures [I31, some V4 cells respond only if a stimulus stands out from its background on the basis of a difference in color or form 114,151, and inferior temporal cells respond selectively to global or overall object features, such as shape 1161 ...
T2 - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... The spatial representation of an attended location is remapped when the eyes move. Remapping is initiated by a corollary discharge of the eye movement command. Remapping produces a representation that is oculocentric: a location is represented in the coordinates of the movement needed to acquire the ...
... The spatial representation of an attended location is remapped when the eyes move. Remapping is initiated by a corollary discharge of the eye movement command. Remapping produces a representation that is oculocentric: a location is represented in the coordinates of the movement needed to acquire the ...
The Physiology of the Senses Lecture 6 Visually Guided Actions
... group of active cells indicates the relative location of a target in the visual field. This becomes a map for the required size of movements. If one electrically stimulates a group of cells in the superior colliculus or FEF at location A (Figure 6.9), the eye would orient towards A. Similarly, stimu ...
... group of active cells indicates the relative location of a target in the visual field. This becomes a map for the required size of movements. If one electrically stimulates a group of cells in the superior colliculus or FEF at location A (Figure 6.9), the eye would orient towards A. Similarly, stimu ...
- Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Association
... that involve coordination of balance, movements, and thoughts. Functionally, the fundamental senses (vision, olfactory, auditory, tactile, gustatory, vestibular, proprioceptive, and the other parts of the somatosensory systems) are not separate. The sensory totality links within the brain and there ...
... that involve coordination of balance, movements, and thoughts. Functionally, the fundamental senses (vision, olfactory, auditory, tactile, gustatory, vestibular, proprioceptive, and the other parts of the somatosensory systems) are not separate. The sensory totality links within the brain and there ...
Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Image
... direct measures of the neural activity. The electrical fields generated by large populations of neurons comprise the electroencephalogram (EEG), and the magnetic counterpart to the electrical fields forms the magnetoencephalogram (MEG). Given the distance of EEG recording electrodes positioned at th ...
... direct measures of the neural activity. The electrical fields generated by large populations of neurons comprise the electroencephalogram (EEG), and the magnetic counterpart to the electrical fields forms the magnetoencephalogram (MEG). Given the distance of EEG recording electrodes positioned at th ...
Insect olfactory memory in time and space
... potentially suggesting that these cellular memory traces ultimately work through the MB neurons. Nevertheless, MBs must not be viewed as the only anatomical structure in which olfactory memories form. Future studies will undoubtedly reveal the mechanisms underlying these newly discovered memory trac ...
... potentially suggesting that these cellular memory traces ultimately work through the MB neurons. Nevertheless, MBs must not be viewed as the only anatomical structure in which olfactory memories form. Future studies will undoubtedly reveal the mechanisms underlying these newly discovered memory trac ...
Chapter 9
... (b) When light is focused on the retina, it passes through the ganglion cell layer and bipolar cell layer before reaching the rods and cones. In response to light, the rods and cones generate electrical signals that are sent to bipolar cells and then to ganglion cells. These cells begin the processi ...
... (b) When light is focused on the retina, it passes through the ganglion cell layer and bipolar cell layer before reaching the rods and cones. In response to light, the rods and cones generate electrical signals that are sent to bipolar cells and then to ganglion cells. These cells begin the processi ...
GABA-antagonist inverts movement and object detection in flies
... grounds that inhibition plays a crucial role in the directional selectivit); of elementar! movement detectors (EMDs). For the first time, we have studied electrophysiological and behavioral changes induced in flics aftcr application of picrotoxinin, an antagonist of GABA. The results show that inhib ...
... grounds that inhibition plays a crucial role in the directional selectivit); of elementar! movement detectors (EMDs). For the first time, we have studied electrophysiological and behavioral changes induced in flics aftcr application of picrotoxinin, an antagonist of GABA. The results show that inhib ...
R eelin is expressed in the accessory olfactory system, but is not a
... mutants showed patterns of vomeronasal nerve labeling that were not obviously different from controls (Fig. 2). In reeler mutants and wild-type mice, vomeronasal sensory neurons labeled by the VN12-IRES-lacZ transgene originate in the VNO and soon after leaving the VNO form bundles of axons. Initial ...
... mutants showed patterns of vomeronasal nerve labeling that were not obviously different from controls (Fig. 2). In reeler mutants and wild-type mice, vomeronasal sensory neurons labeled by the VN12-IRES-lacZ transgene originate in the VNO and soon after leaving the VNO form bundles of axons. Initial ...
Differential roles of delay-period neural activity in the monkey
... for an expected behavioral response of a WM task approaches. These two types of cells may participate in two complementary processes: Sensory-coupled cells hold information of stimuli, and preparatory-set cells prepare for action in response to that information. These findings imply that the DLPFC p ...
... for an expected behavioral response of a WM task approaches. These two types of cells may participate in two complementary processes: Sensory-coupled cells hold information of stimuli, and preparatory-set cells prepare for action in response to that information. These findings imply that the DLPFC p ...
Brain Mechanisms of Memory and Cognition
... detect consistent relations among incoming signals (that is, ‘features’). As the number of possible combinations of sensory signals is essentially infinite, he suggests that the cortex uses two strategies: (1) to hard-wire neurons, using feedforward connections, to detect features and relations that ...
... detect consistent relations among incoming signals (that is, ‘features’). As the number of possible combinations of sensory signals is essentially infinite, he suggests that the cortex uses two strategies: (1) to hard-wire neurons, using feedforward connections, to detect features and relations that ...
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials
... Click intensity can impact BAEP generation. With decreasing click intensity, absolute latencies are increased and amplitudes are diminished. However, interpeak latencies remain relatively constant. Click stimulus intensity is measured in units of decibel sensation level (dBSL), decibel hearing level ...
... Click intensity can impact BAEP generation. With decreasing click intensity, absolute latencies are increased and amplitudes are diminished. However, interpeak latencies remain relatively constant. Click stimulus intensity is measured in units of decibel sensation level (dBSL), decibel hearing level ...
Understanding the Human Sensory Conduction of Smell
... This theory, also called the steric theory, states that a particular odor of a molecule is due to a structural specificity between the odorant and the OR, like a key-and-lock. The basic idea of this theory has been developed since 1949. In 1991, Richard Axel and Linda Buck cloned and identified 1,00 ...
... This theory, also called the steric theory, states that a particular odor of a molecule is due to a structural specificity between the odorant and the OR, like a key-and-lock. The basic idea of this theory has been developed since 1949. In 1991, Richard Axel and Linda Buck cloned and identified 1,00 ...
RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (CDB)
... The neural circuitry of the olfactory system is elaborate and complex. Each OSN expresses a single OR type, and OSNs expressing the same ORs all converge their axons to one glomerulus in the OB. Olfactory information is interpreted from the activation patterns of over 1,000 sets of glomeruli, stimul ...
... The neural circuitry of the olfactory system is elaborate and complex. Each OSN expresses a single OR type, and OSNs expressing the same ORs all converge their axons to one glomerulus in the OB. Olfactory information is interpreted from the activation patterns of over 1,000 sets of glomeruli, stimul ...
L14- Physiology of T..
... from tufted cells medial strai start then cross the midline & end on granular cells in opposite side (contralateral) ...
... from tufted cells medial strai start then cross the midline & end on granular cells in opposite side (contralateral) ...
Reduction of the number of new cells reaching olfactory bulbs
... subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles from where they migrate tangentially along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the OB (Altman and Das 1965, Luskin 1993, Alvarez-Buylla and Garcia-Verdugo 2002, Grabiec et al. 2009). The majority of newly generated OB cells differentiate into neu ...
... subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles from where they migrate tangentially along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the OB (Altman and Das 1965, Luskin 1993, Alvarez-Buylla and Garcia-Verdugo 2002, Grabiec et al. 2009). The majority of newly generated OB cells differentiate into neu ...
Slide 1
... propagation under water to navigate or to detect other watercraft. There are two kinds of sonar, active and passive. Bats use echolocation which is the same as Active Sonar ...
... propagation under water to navigate or to detect other watercraft. There are two kinds of sonar, active and passive. Bats use echolocation which is the same as Active Sonar ...
MAC: Electrophysiology Lecture
... • Be a facilitator of the appointment -use clear, simple instructions and have the patient acknowledge -be flexible and intuitive • Consider the best stimulating and recording parameters for the test that you will conduct; it will vary depending on patient age and your intentions • Importantly, have ...
... • Be a facilitator of the appointment -use clear, simple instructions and have the patient acknowledge -be flexible and intuitive • Consider the best stimulating and recording parameters for the test that you will conduct; it will vary depending on patient age and your intentions • Importantly, have ...
On the importance of the transient visual response in the superior
... whose cortex has been removed, suggesting that a component of this mechanism may be intrinsic to the SC [44]. The neuron may recover this response with time, or by signals which ‘dishabituate’ it [37], such as when the stimulus location becomes the target of a saccade (e.g. ‘enhancement effect’ [21, ...
... whose cortex has been removed, suggesting that a component of this mechanism may be intrinsic to the SC [44]. The neuron may recover this response with time, or by signals which ‘dishabituate’ it [37], such as when the stimulus location becomes the target of a saccade (e.g. ‘enhancement effect’ [21, ...
Lecture 12
... – Sound pressure changes of • low-frequency sounds – can translate into vibratory skin pressure changes • higher-frequency – notes cannot be felt ...
... – Sound pressure changes of • low-frequency sounds – can translate into vibratory skin pressure changes • higher-frequency – notes cannot be felt ...
Specific Projection of the Sensory Crypt Cells in
... 2000). Their ovoid shape and location within the apical layer of the olfactory epithelium make them easily distinguishable in both retrograde tracing experiments and TEM. Such cells can also be seen in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in preparations of which lamellae are broken. However, we were ...
... 2000). Their ovoid shape and location within the apical layer of the olfactory epithelium make them easily distinguishable in both retrograde tracing experiments and TEM. Such cells can also be seen in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in preparations of which lamellae are broken. However, we were ...
Human Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Visual Cortex Respond to
... Seizures provoked by video games or television viewing are commonly experienced by photosensitive epileptic patients.1 The visual attributes eliciting these seizures, for example, the video-screen flicker, are not always consciously perceived. In fact, many events processed by the human brain are no ...
... Seizures provoked by video games or television viewing are commonly experienced by photosensitive epileptic patients.1 The visual attributes eliciting these seizures, for example, the video-screen flicker, are not always consciously perceived. In fact, many events processed by the human brain are no ...