Anatomical Evidence of Multimodal Integration in Primate
... cortex to form longitudinal injections sites (2–3 mm) primarily restricted to the cortical gray matter. The smallest injection was the DY injection in M85RH (0.05 l). In the other single injections, 0.2– 0.3 l of tracer were delivered. In one case (BB270) multiple injections were made and a total ...
... cortex to form longitudinal injections sites (2–3 mm) primarily restricted to the cortical gray matter. The smallest injection was the DY injection in M85RH (0.05 l). In the other single injections, 0.2– 0.3 l of tracer were delivered. In one case (BB270) multiple injections were made and a total ...
phys chapter 51 [3-20
... Concerned with recognizing letters, reading, determining texture of surfaces, determining detailed color of objects, and deciphering what object is and what it means Neuronal Patterns of Stimulation During Analysis of Visual Image Areas of max excitation occur along sharp borders of visual pattern ...
... Concerned with recognizing letters, reading, determining texture of surfaces, determining detailed color of objects, and deciphering what object is and what it means Neuronal Patterns of Stimulation During Analysis of Visual Image Areas of max excitation occur along sharp borders of visual pattern ...
A framework for the first-person internal sensation of visual
... structures and finally to a 3-D percept. However, cellular mechanisms and experimental verification of these are lacking. Perception was also viewed in terms of variational free-energy minimization based on the assumption that biological systems maximize the Bayesian evidence for their model of the ...
... structures and finally to a 3-D percept. However, cellular mechanisms and experimental verification of these are lacking. Perception was also viewed in terms of variational free-energy minimization based on the assumption that biological systems maximize the Bayesian evidence for their model of the ...
Dynamic Computation of Incentive Salience: “Wanting” What Was
... “wanted” only if their rewards have ever been “liked,” but here we show that mesocorticolimbic systems can recompute “wanting” de novo by integrating novel physiological signals with a cue’s preexisting associations to an outcome that lacked hedonic value. That is, a cue’s incentive salience can be ...
... “wanted” only if their rewards have ever been “liked,” but here we show that mesocorticolimbic systems can recompute “wanting” de novo by integrating novel physiological signals with a cue’s preexisting associations to an outcome that lacked hedonic value. That is, a cue’s incentive salience can be ...
Olfactory System Anatomy
... the base of the anterior nasal septum, at the junction of the septal cartilage and the bony septum. It is believed to detect external chemical signals called pheromones. These signals, which are not detected consciously as odors by the olfactory system, mediate human autonomic, psychological, and en ...
... the base of the anterior nasal septum, at the junction of the septal cartilage and the bony septum. It is believed to detect external chemical signals called pheromones. These signals, which are not detected consciously as odors by the olfactory system, mediate human autonomic, psychological, and en ...
Perceptual and Semantic Contributions to
... discrimination of objects. Plus, the localization of these repetition suppression effects was predominantly within brain regions of the left middle temporal cortices (for evidence from an adaptation paradigm, see also Altmann et al. 2007), whereas the earlier categorical effects predominantly modula ...
... discrimination of objects. Plus, the localization of these repetition suppression effects was predominantly within brain regions of the left middle temporal cortices (for evidence from an adaptation paradigm, see also Altmann et al. 2007), whereas the earlier categorical effects predominantly modula ...
Integration of Visual and Auditory Information by Superior Temporal
... response was significantly different from the individual sensory responses, tested with ANOVA. Figure 1 summarizes two cell responses to the action of foot tapping. The cell in Figure 1A shows a strong response to the sound of the action, this response is significantly attenuated when the action was ...
... response was significantly different from the individual sensory responses, tested with ANOVA. Figure 1 summarizes two cell responses to the action of foot tapping. The cell in Figure 1A shows a strong response to the sound of the action, this response is significantly attenuated when the action was ...
Glossary of Olfactory Terms
... an olfactory disorder in which a normal, pleasant odor is perceived as foul or putrefactive. For example, in one form of cacosmia, a subject smells rotting meat when no such odor is present. ...
... an olfactory disorder in which a normal, pleasant odor is perceived as foul or putrefactive. For example, in one form of cacosmia, a subject smells rotting meat when no such odor is present. ...
Cortical Substrates of Perceptual Stability during Eye Movements
... the direction of smooth-pursuit eye movement would be perceived, if the reference signal were too small. Conversely, false perception of movement of the world in the direction of the eye movement would result from a too large reference signal. If the inferential mechanism providing and using the ref ...
... the direction of smooth-pursuit eye movement would be perceived, if the reference signal were too small. Conversely, false perception of movement of the world in the direction of the eye movement would result from a too large reference signal. If the inferential mechanism providing and using the ref ...
Finding a face in the crowd: parallel and serial neural mechanisms
... 1999; Treue and Maunsell, 1999; Andersen and Buneo, 2002), leaving object recognition mechanisms in the temporal cortex with only a single relevant stimulus at a time (Desimone and Duncan, 1995). However, in most common visual scenes, viewers rarely know the specific location of the relevant object i ...
... 1999; Treue and Maunsell, 1999; Andersen and Buneo, 2002), leaving object recognition mechanisms in the temporal cortex with only a single relevant stimulus at a time (Desimone and Duncan, 1995). However, in most common visual scenes, viewers rarely know the specific location of the relevant object i ...
Perception of Motion, Depth, and Form
... visual field, a car or a tennis ball, and we easily distinguish these moving objects from the stationary background. However, we often seeobjectsin motion not because they move on our retina, but because we track them with eve movements; the image remains stationary on the retina but we perceive mov ...
... visual field, a car or a tennis ball, and we easily distinguish these moving objects from the stationary background. However, we often seeobjectsin motion not because they move on our retina, but because we track them with eve movements; the image remains stationary on the retina but we perceive mov ...
Towards an Empirically Grounded Predictive Coding Account of
... visual cortex (EVC; green circle), pSTS (orange circle), parietal cortex (yellow circle), and premotor cortex (pink circle) via feedforward connections (blue arrows), whereas prior information is propagated in the opposite order via feedback connections (red arrows). Possible sources of prior inform ...
... visual cortex (EVC; green circle), pSTS (orange circle), parietal cortex (yellow circle), and premotor cortex (pink circle) via feedforward connections (blue arrows), whereas prior information is propagated in the opposite order via feedback connections (red arrows). Possible sources of prior inform ...
Ch08
... – Participant is scanned by an fMRI while viewing three displays • Control condition - two dots in different positions are flashed simultaneously • Real motion - a small dot is moved back and forth • Apparent motion - dots are flashed so they appear to move ...
... – Participant is scanned by an fMRI while viewing three displays • Control condition - two dots in different positions are flashed simultaneously • Real motion - a small dot is moved back and forth • Apparent motion - dots are flashed so they appear to move ...
Chemical Senses
... Recognition threshold - concentration needed to determine quality of an odorant ...
... Recognition threshold - concentration needed to determine quality of an odorant ...
article in press - Department of Physiology, Development and
... When both constraints are violated simultaneously (as shown in the lower right-hand panel of Fig. 1), the resulting stimuli sound like a rapid spatter of overlapping tone pips, with an unusual but pleasant rain-like quality. We refer to the stimulus as ‘‘musical rain’’ (mr) to mark the fact that it ...
... When both constraints are violated simultaneously (as shown in the lower right-hand panel of Fig. 1), the resulting stimuli sound like a rapid spatter of overlapping tone pips, with an unusual but pleasant rain-like quality. We refer to the stimulus as ‘‘musical rain’’ (mr) to mark the fact that it ...
The ABCs of VEPs and ERGs Visual Testing Systems Clinical
... eye – symptoms began two days earlier 40-year history of full-time PMMA and gas permeable contact lens wear Patient presents for the examination wearing her contact lenses (– 7.00 in each eye) Best corrected visual acuity ...
... eye – symptoms began two days earlier 40-year history of full-time PMMA and gas permeable contact lens wear Patient presents for the examination wearing her contact lenses (– 7.00 in each eye) Best corrected visual acuity ...
31 - UCL
... ondarily nocturnal owl monkey. An important point is that there does not appear to be any substantial increase in the area of overlap between modalities. The zone in the dorsal bank of the superior temporal sulcus that responds to more than one modality is several millimeters wide (Seltzer and Pandy ...
... ondarily nocturnal owl monkey. An important point is that there does not appear to be any substantial increase in the area of overlap between modalities. The zone in the dorsal bank of the superior temporal sulcus that responds to more than one modality is several millimeters wide (Seltzer and Pandy ...
Gestalt Issues in Modern Neuroscience
... figure will not emerge on a background when its contrast is too low (subliminal). Therefore, the first requirement for seeing is a supra-threshold contrast of the stimulus. The neuronal mechanism that encodes physical contrast is the receptive field organization. The receptive field of a visual neur ...
... figure will not emerge on a background when its contrast is too low (subliminal). Therefore, the first requirement for seeing is a supra-threshold contrast of the stimulus. The neuronal mechanism that encodes physical contrast is the receptive field organization. The receptive field of a visual neur ...
Design Features in Vertebrate Sensory Systems
... about the external world is coded in the nervous system in terms of either graded potentials or trains of propagated action potentials (Perkel and Bullock, 1968). Finally, information about the external environment provided by each system is processed or transformed, presumably by means of synaptic ...
... about the external world is coded in the nervous system in terms of either graded potentials or trains of propagated action potentials (Perkel and Bullock, 1968). Finally, information about the external environment provided by each system is processed or transformed, presumably by means of synaptic ...
Brain activation pattern depends on the strategy chosen by zebra
... brain areas were activated, as demonstrated by c-Fos immunohistochemistry. The hippocampus was activated when spatial cues were used, while in birds orienting using the pattern of the feeder, part of the collothalamic (tectofugal) visual system showed stronger activation. The visual wulst of the lem ...
... brain areas were activated, as demonstrated by c-Fos immunohistochemistry. The hippocampus was activated when spatial cues were used, while in birds orienting using the pattern of the feeder, part of the collothalamic (tectofugal) visual system showed stronger activation. The visual wulst of the lem ...
Perception
... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkn3wRyb9Bk&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=38XO7ac9eSs ...
... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkn3wRyb9Bk&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=38XO7ac9eSs ...
Hyperacusis—An increased sensitivity to everyday sounds
... Hyperacusis is a condition that arises from a problem in the way the brain’s central auditory processing center perceives noise. It can often lead to pain and discomfort. Individuals with hyperacusis have difficulty tolerating sounds which do not seem loud to others, such as the noise from running f ...
... Hyperacusis is a condition that arises from a problem in the way the brain’s central auditory processing center perceives noise. It can often lead to pain and discomfort. Individuals with hyperacusis have difficulty tolerating sounds which do not seem loud to others, such as the noise from running f ...
The Neuroscientist
... sound having a high or low pitch, or being loud or quiet. The listener might also be able to identify what or who made the sound or where the sound originated from in space. These features usually do not relate simply to a sound’s frequency content but must instead be computed by the brain by integr ...
... sound having a high or low pitch, or being loud or quiet. The listener might also be able to identify what or who made the sound or where the sound originated from in space. These features usually do not relate simply to a sound’s frequency content but must instead be computed by the brain by integr ...
neural correlates of associative face memory in
... associative pair-selective neurons (upper, black); and face-responsive but not associative pair-responsive neurons (lower, gray). Arrows indicate the ISI values of the neurons depicted in Fig. 2 (black) and Fig. 3 (white), which were 0.5667 and 0.4201, respectively. ...
... associative pair-selective neurons (upper, black); and face-responsive but not associative pair-responsive neurons (lower, gray). Arrows indicate the ISI values of the neurons depicted in Fig. 2 (black) and Fig. 3 (white), which were 0.5667 and 0.4201, respectively. ...
How humans distinguish between smells
... certain ones are expressed, or used to create the corresponding proteins. This occurs when the DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and travels to the rest of the cell, specifically the ribosomes. In the ribosomes, the mRNA is read and proteins are created. I ...
... certain ones are expressed, or used to create the corresponding proteins. This occurs when the DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and travels to the rest of the cell, specifically the ribosomes. In the ribosomes, the mRNA is read and proteins are created. I ...