Examples of well-written lab reports, by section
... intervals would have the quickest reaction times compared to all the cue types. ...
... intervals would have the quickest reaction times compared to all the cue types. ...
Evolving concepts of developmental auditory processing disorder
... basis, test validity and standardization, differentiation from other disorders, and even whether it exists as an independent disorder (Jerger, 2009). To evaluate and interpret the scientific evidence on APD, and to advise the audiology profession, the British Society of Audiology (BSA) established a ...
... basis, test validity and standardization, differentiation from other disorders, and even whether it exists as an independent disorder (Jerger, 2009). To evaluate and interpret the scientific evidence on APD, and to advise the audiology profession, the British Society of Audiology (BSA) established a ...
The Peripheral Nervous System
... • Autonomic nervous system = regulates activities that are involuntary (not under conscious control) o For instance, when you start to run, the autonomic nervous system speeds up your heart rate and blood flow to the skeletal muscles, stimulates the sweat glands, and slows down the contractions of s ...
... • Autonomic nervous system = regulates activities that are involuntary (not under conscious control) o For instance, when you start to run, the autonomic nervous system speeds up your heart rate and blood flow to the skeletal muscles, stimulates the sweat glands, and slows down the contractions of s ...
Multistable representation of speech forms: a functional - GIPSA-Lab
... and Shoaf, 2002; Warren, 1961). It has been shown that this effect also occurs during production, when subjects repeatedly utter the speech stimulus in a covert or an overt mode (Reisberg et al., 1989; Sato and Schwartz, 2003; Smith et al., 1995). Thus, the verbal transformation effect seems to prov ...
... and Shoaf, 2002; Warren, 1961). It has been shown that this effect also occurs during production, when subjects repeatedly utter the speech stimulus in a covert or an overt mode (Reisberg et al., 1989; Sato and Schwartz, 2003; Smith et al., 1995). Thus, the verbal transformation effect seems to prov ...
Glossary
... Otolaryngologist (ENT Physician)*: Physician specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear nose and throat, including diseases of related structures of the head and neck. Otoscope*: A speculumlike instrument for visual examination of the external auditory meatus, external audito ...
... Otolaryngologist (ENT Physician)*: Physician specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear nose and throat, including diseases of related structures of the head and neck. Otoscope*: A speculumlike instrument for visual examination of the external auditory meatus, external audito ...
The Neuroscientist
... our brain interprets their periodicity as the perceptual quality of pitch. Pitch has been defined as “that attribute of sound according to which sounds can be ordered on a scale from low to high” (American National Standards Institute [ANSI] 1994). In addition to forming the basis for music, pitch c ...
... our brain interprets their periodicity as the perceptual quality of pitch. Pitch has been defined as “that attribute of sound according to which sounds can be ordered on a scale from low to high” (American National Standards Institute [ANSI] 1994). In addition to forming the basis for music, pitch c ...
Sense Organs - mohamadtermos
... There is another part of the inner ear, above the cochlea, that senses position and balance of the head. This region contains the semicircular canals. These canals are three fluid-filled, half circle shaped canals oriented orthogonally to each other. When the head moves in the other direction (just ...
... There is another part of the inner ear, above the cochlea, that senses position and balance of the head. This region contains the semicircular canals. These canals are three fluid-filled, half circle shaped canals oriented orthogonally to each other. When the head moves in the other direction (just ...
Short-Lasting Classical Conditioning Induces
... The effects of training upon row B representation were assessed by comparing the labeling evoked by stimulation of the "trained" row B of whiskers and the control row B, unstimulated during the behavioral training, on the other side of the snout. We previously ascertained (Chmielowska et al., 1986; ...
... The effects of training upon row B representation were assessed by comparing the labeling evoked by stimulation of the "trained" row B of whiskers and the control row B, unstimulated during the behavioral training, on the other side of the snout. We previously ascertained (Chmielowska et al., 1986; ...
pdf
... continuously recorded while the participant sat in a comfortable chair with his eyes closed in a quiet and dimly lit room. EEG data were acquired at the 19 standard leads prescribed by the 10 –20 international system (FP1, FP2, F7, F3, FZ, F4, F8, T3, C3, CZ, C4, T4, T5, P3, PZ, P4, T6, O1, and O2) ...
... continuously recorded while the participant sat in a comfortable chair with his eyes closed in a quiet and dimly lit room. EEG data were acquired at the 19 standard leads prescribed by the 10 –20 international system (FP1, FP2, F7, F3, FZ, F4, F8, T3, C3, CZ, C4, T4, T5, P3, PZ, P4, T6, O1, and O2) ...
mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
... paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at the same time within a neuron’s RF are not processed independently, but rather that they interact with each other in a mutually suppressive way. This sensory suppress ...
... paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at the same time within a neuron’s RF are not processed independently, but rather that they interact with each other in a mutually suppressive way. This sensory suppress ...
A neural theory of speech acquisition and production
... regions of superior temporal cortex (pathways not shown in Fig. 1). These pathways are generally omitted from current implementations of the DIVA model for simplicity, although they are necessary for a more complete description of speech acquisition and production. The inputs along these pathways ma ...
... regions of superior temporal cortex (pathways not shown in Fig. 1). These pathways are generally omitted from current implementations of the DIVA model for simplicity, although they are necessary for a more complete description of speech acquisition and production. The inputs along these pathways ma ...
Chapter 15: Special Senses
... • Perception is the conscious awareness & interpretation of a sensation. – precisely localization & identification – memories of our perceptions are stored in cortex Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS ...
... • Perception is the conscious awareness & interpretation of a sensation. – precisely localization & identification – memories of our perceptions are stored in cortex Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS ...
MIrror neuRons based RObot Recognition - LIRA-Lab
... certain developmental patterns or behaviors. Vice versa, by understanding development we can probe deeper the structure of a particular brain’s function. Table 1 shows three levels of causal complexity. The simplest causal chain that an actor – whether robotic or biological – may experience is the p ...
... certain developmental patterns or behaviors. Vice versa, by understanding development we can probe deeper the structure of a particular brain’s function. Table 1 shows three levels of causal complexity. The simplest causal chain that an actor – whether robotic or biological – may experience is the p ...
The neural mechanisms of perceptual filling-in
... brightness, texture and motion, of the surrounding area are perceived in a certain part of the visual field even though these features are not physically present1–4. The phenomenon of filling-in has attracted the interest of both scientists and philosophers. Filling-in can be regarded as the manifes ...
... brightness, texture and motion, of the surrounding area are perceived in a certain part of the visual field even though these features are not physically present1–4. The phenomenon of filling-in has attracted the interest of both scientists and philosophers. Filling-in can be regarded as the manifes ...
Neuronal correlates of decision
... Responses of S2 neurons during the comparison period Many neurons in S2 did not respond in a purely sensory manner: their response to stimulus f2 was not simply a function of f2 frequency. Two particularly clear example neurons are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The trial blocks highlighted by thick black ...
... Responses of S2 neurons during the comparison period Many neurons in S2 did not respond in a purely sensory manner: their response to stimulus f2 was not simply a function of f2 frequency. Two particularly clear example neurons are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The trial blocks highlighted by thick black ...
Insights into decision making using choice probability
... One of the distributions is referred to as the “noise” distribution, and the other as the “signal” distribution. In a detection task, the “noise” distribution represents the discharge rates measured on trials in which no stimulus appeared, whereas the “signal” distribution represents discharge rates ...
... One of the distributions is referred to as the “noise” distribution, and the other as the “signal” distribution. In a detection task, the “noise” distribution represents the discharge rates measured on trials in which no stimulus appeared, whereas the “signal” distribution represents discharge rates ...
Sensory Pathways and Emotional Context for Action
... make more errors than control subjects when irrelevant auditory stimuli are introduced in auditory discrimination tasks, and their performance is correlated with decreased neural activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and a concomitant increase in auditory cortices (reviewed in [24]). Similar fi ...
... make more errors than control subjects when irrelevant auditory stimuli are introduced in auditory discrimination tasks, and their performance is correlated with decreased neural activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and a concomitant increase in auditory cortices (reviewed in [24]). Similar fi ...
Sensory experience and the formation of a computational map of
... changes in temperature. The receptor cells, which may be housed in sense organs, such as the eyes or the ears, transduce these various forms of energy into the electrical potential changes that are used by nerve cells for transmitting signals. The information carried by the receptor cells is then fe ...
... changes in temperature. The receptor cells, which may be housed in sense organs, such as the eyes or the ears, transduce these various forms of energy into the electrical potential changes that are used by nerve cells for transmitting signals. The information carried by the receptor cells is then fe ...
neural representation and the cortical code
... provides when decoded. This can be assessed using the classical approach based upon the tuning curve, or it can be assessed using more recent stimulus reconstruction methods. Studies of tuning in each sensory modality have demonstrated that most cortical neurons carry information content about only ...
... provides when decoded. This can be assessed using the classical approach based upon the tuning curve, or it can be assessed using more recent stimulus reconstruction methods. Studies of tuning in each sensory modality have demonstrated that most cortical neurons carry information content about only ...
Reflexes Reaction time
... one motor neuron; monosynaptic refers to the presence of a single chemical synapse) – peripheral muscle reflexes or deep tendon reflexes (patellar reflex, achilles reflex): brief stimulation of the muscle spindle results in contraction of the muscle ...
... one motor neuron; monosynaptic refers to the presence of a single chemical synapse) – peripheral muscle reflexes or deep tendon reflexes (patellar reflex, achilles reflex): brief stimulation of the muscle spindle results in contraction of the muscle ...
THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF VISUAL-SACCADIC DECISION MAKING
... In the second century A.D. all of the ancient debate on this subject was codified, analyzed, and passed on to medieval scholars by the greek physiologist Claudius Galen. In dozens of books, many of which survive today, Galen (e.g., 1968, 1916) analyzed texts and performed critical physiological expe ...
... In the second century A.D. all of the ancient debate on this subject was codified, analyzed, and passed on to medieval scholars by the greek physiologist Claudius Galen. In dozens of books, many of which survive today, Galen (e.g., 1968, 1916) analyzed texts and performed critical physiological expe ...
The multisensory roles for auditory cortex in primate vocal
... E-mail address: [email protected] ...
... E-mail address: [email protected] ...
Representation in the Human Brain of Food Texture and Oral Fat
... using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. It was shown that the viscosity of oral stimuli is represented in the (primary) taste cortex in the anterior insula, in which activation was proportional to the log of the viscosity of a cellulose stimulus (carboxymethyl cellulose), and was ...
... using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. It was shown that the viscosity of oral stimuli is represented in the (primary) taste cortex in the anterior insula, in which activation was proportional to the log of the viscosity of a cellulose stimulus (carboxymethyl cellulose), and was ...
Does the sound of a barking dog activate its corresponding visual
... beyond that they are higher-order modality-specific association regions that lie at the apex of each unimodal processing streams. Some predictions could be derived from a parallel set of functional imaging studies motivated by the distributed-only perspective that, as discussed above, holds that con ...
... beyond that they are higher-order modality-specific association regions that lie at the apex of each unimodal processing streams. Some predictions could be derived from a parallel set of functional imaging studies motivated by the distributed-only perspective that, as discussed above, holds that con ...
Figure and Ground in the Visual Cortex: V2 Combines Stereoscopic
... shapes of objects. Yet psychologists in the early twentieth century argued that mechanisms of figure-ground organization exist that work automatically, and independently of the observer’s knowledge and expectation (Koffka, 1935; Rubin, 1921; Rubin, 2001; Wertheimer, 1923; Wertheimer, 2001; for a rev ...
... shapes of objects. Yet psychologists in the early twentieth century argued that mechanisms of figure-ground organization exist that work automatically, and independently of the observer’s knowledge and expectation (Koffka, 1935; Rubin, 1921; Rubin, 2001; Wertheimer, 1923; Wertheimer, 2001; for a rev ...
Perception
""Percept"", ""perceptual"", ""perceptible"" and ""imperceptible"" redirect here. For the Brian Blade album, see Perceptual (album). For the perceptibility of digital watermarks, see Digital watermarking#Perceptibility. For other uses, see Perception (disambiguation) and Percept (disambiguation).Perception (from the Latin perceptio, percipio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. All perception involves signals in the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sense organs. For example, vision involves light striking the retina of the eye, smell is mediated by odor molecules, and hearing involves pressure waves. Perception is not the passive receipt of these signals, but is shaped by learning, memory, expectation, and attention.Perception can be split into two processes Firstly processing sensory input which transforms these low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition). Secondly processing which is connected with person's concept and expectations (knowledge), and selective mechanisms (attention) that influence perception.Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness.Since the rise of experimental psychology in the 19th Century, psychology's understanding of perception has progressed by combining a variety of techniques. Psychophysics quantitatively describes the relationships between the physical qualities of the sensory input and perception. Sensory neuroscience studies the brain mechanisms underlying perception. Perceptual systems can also be studied computationally, in terms of the information they process. Perceptual issues in philosophy include the extent to which sensory qualities such as sound, smell or color exist in objective reality rather than in the mind of the perceiver.Although the senses were traditionally viewed as passive receptors, the study of illusions and ambiguous images has demonstrated that the brain's perceptual systems actively and pre-consciously attempt to make sense of their input. There is still active debate about the extent to which perception is an active process of hypothesis testing, analogous to science, or whether realistic sensory information is rich enough to make this process unnecessary.The perceptual systems of the brain enable individuals to see the world around them as stable, even though the sensory information is typically incomplete and rapidly varying. Human and animal brains are structured in a modular way, with different areas processing different kinds of sensory information. Some of these modules take the form of sensory maps, mapping some aspect of the world across part of the brain's surface. These different modules are interconnected and influence each other. For instance, taste is strongly influenced by smell.