MIrror neuRons based RObot Recognition - LIRA-Lab
... mechanisms used by the brain to learn and represent gestures and, inter-alia, (ii) building an artificial system that learns to communicate by means of body gestures. We adopted a three-pronged approach based on the results of neurophysiological and developmental psychology experiments, on the const ...
... mechanisms used by the brain to learn and represent gestures and, inter-alia, (ii) building an artificial system that learns to communicate by means of body gestures. We adopted a three-pronged approach based on the results of neurophysiological and developmental psychology experiments, on the const ...
Fluctuations in Perceptual Decisions Panagiota Theodoni
... Nava Rubin for constituting the Ph.D. committee of the current thesis, as well as to their substitutes Jaime de la Rocha and Albert Compte for their interest. I am very happy to have had the opportunity to collaborate with Theofanis I. Panagiotaropoulos, Vishal Kapoor, Nikos K. Logothetis, Guyla Kov ...
... Nava Rubin for constituting the Ph.D. committee of the current thesis, as well as to their substitutes Jaime de la Rocha and Albert Compte for their interest. I am very happy to have had the opportunity to collaborate with Theofanis I. Panagiotaropoulos, Vishal Kapoor, Nikos K. Logothetis, Guyla Kov ...
chelazzi et al 2012 - Emergent Attention Lab
... invariably reflect changes in cognitive strategy in order to maximize the earning of reward during the course of the experiment. A key feature of these studies is that effects of reward on attention are measured while rewards are available and the participants are likely doing their best to harvest a ...
... invariably reflect changes in cognitive strategy in order to maximize the earning of reward during the course of the experiment. A key feature of these studies is that effects of reward on attention are measured while rewards are available and the participants are likely doing their best to harvest a ...
File
... Although the somatic nervous system is generally considered to be under conscious control, some actions of the system occur automatically. For example, if you accidentally step on a tack with your bare foot, your leg may recoil before you are even aware of the pain. This rapid response (a reflex) is ...
... Although the somatic nervous system is generally considered to be under conscious control, some actions of the system occur automatically. For example, if you accidentally step on a tack with your bare foot, your leg may recoil before you are even aware of the pain. This rapid response (a reflex) is ...
Natural Stimulation of the Nonclassical Receptive Field Increases
... system and the resources available. Recent theoretical work suggests that natural images can be efficiently represented by a sparse code (Srinivasan et al., 1982; Barlow, 1989; Field, 1993; Bell and Sejnowski, 1997; Olshausen and Field, 1997, 2000; Simoncelli and Olshausen, 2001). Field (1987) demon ...
... system and the resources available. Recent theoretical work suggests that natural images can be efficiently represented by a sparse code (Srinivasan et al., 1982; Barlow, 1989; Field, 1993; Bell and Sejnowski, 1997; Olshausen and Field, 1997, 2000; Simoncelli and Olshausen, 2001). Field (1987) demon ...
Understanding Psychology 5th Edition Morris and Maisto
... • Perception, which takes place in the brain, is the process of organizing, interpreting, and giving meaning to that raw data in order to understand what is going on around us. ©Prentice Hall 2003 ...
... • Perception, which takes place in the brain, is the process of organizing, interpreting, and giving meaning to that raw data in order to understand what is going on around us. ©Prentice Hall 2003 ...
the emergence of cerebral asymmetries in early human
... has been speculation about the developmental emergence of human perceptual-cognitive asymmetries. The basic question has been: Do the asymmetries first appear only at some point after birth, starting from an initial state of bilateral equivalence or symmetry at birth, or are the hemispheres instead ...
... has been speculation about the developmental emergence of human perceptual-cognitive asymmetries. The basic question has been: Do the asymmetries first appear only at some point after birth, starting from an initial state of bilateral equivalence or symmetry at birth, or are the hemispheres instead ...
Brain regions involved in heading estimation and steering control in
... Community ambulation requires us to adapt our locomotor strategy in response to changing contextual demands. Beyond the different neural systems responsible for the maintenance of upright posture (Duffy & Wurtz, 1996) and rhythmic activation of the limb (Purves, Augustine, & Fitzpatrick, 2004), loco ...
... Community ambulation requires us to adapt our locomotor strategy in response to changing contextual demands. Beyond the different neural systems responsible for the maintenance of upright posture (Duffy & Wurtz, 1996) and rhythmic activation of the limb (Purves, Augustine, & Fitzpatrick, 2004), loco ...
Contextual modulation and stimulus selectivity in extrastriate cortex
... modulation is used to refine existing feature representations that have been generated by other—unspecified, but presumably feedforward—circuitry. Here we review evidence suggesting that contextual modulation can do more, and actually creates neural selectivity for new and complex visual features. The ...
... modulation is used to refine existing feature representations that have been generated by other—unspecified, but presumably feedforward—circuitry. Here we review evidence suggesting that contextual modulation can do more, and actually creates neural selectivity for new and complex visual features. The ...
attention - CMU Graphics
... ● Spatial attention will increase the gain of all neurons whose receptive field overlaps the current attentional focus, creating an enhanced representation at that location that is akin to a local increase in contrast ...
... ● Spatial attention will increase the gain of all neurons whose receptive field overlaps the current attentional focus, creating an enhanced representation at that location that is akin to a local increase in contrast ...
connect_review_20150316 - Royal Holloway, University of London
... and meaningful objects is achieved. High-level vision is associated with anatomically-focal, functionally-defined brain areas in human occipitotemporal cortex, usually localized using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These “category-sensitive” areas are typically inferred to be speciali ...
... and meaningful objects is achieved. High-level vision is associated with anatomically-focal, functionally-defined brain areas in human occipitotemporal cortex, usually localized using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These “category-sensitive” areas are typically inferred to be speciali ...
12 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... Multimodal Association Areas • Receive inputs from multiple sensory areas • Send outputs to multiple areas, including premotor cortex • Allows meaning to information received, store in memory, tying to previous experience, and deciding on actions • Sensations, thoughts, emotions become conscious – ...
... Multimodal Association Areas • Receive inputs from multiple sensory areas • Send outputs to multiple areas, including premotor cortex • Allows meaning to information received, store in memory, tying to previous experience, and deciding on actions • Sensations, thoughts, emotions become conscious – ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... Somatic Nervous System The somatic nervous system regulates body activities that are under conscious control, such as the movement of skeletal muscles. Most of the time you have control over skeletal muscle movement, but when your body is in danger the central nervous system may take over. ...
... Somatic Nervous System The somatic nervous system regulates body activities that are under conscious control, such as the movement of skeletal muscles. Most of the time you have control over skeletal muscle movement, but when your body is in danger the central nervous system may take over. ...
Cortex - Anatomy and Physiology
... Multimodal Association Areas • Receive inputs from multiple sensory areas • Send outputs to multiple areas, including premotor cortex • Allows meaning to information received, store in memory, tying to previous experience, and deciding on actions • Sensations, thoughts, emotions become conscious – ...
... Multimodal Association Areas • Receive inputs from multiple sensory areas • Send outputs to multiple areas, including premotor cortex • Allows meaning to information received, store in memory, tying to previous experience, and deciding on actions • Sensations, thoughts, emotions become conscious – ...
Psychological Science - Faculty Virginia
... When people perceive the sizes of graspable objects, it is possible that they use their dominant hand as a “perceptual ruler” with which to measure the objects’ apparent sizes. If so, the apparent sizes of graspable objects would be scaled relative to the size of one’s dominant hand. Supporting this ...
... When people perceive the sizes of graspable objects, it is possible that they use their dominant hand as a “perceptual ruler” with which to measure the objects’ apparent sizes. If so, the apparent sizes of graspable objects would be scaled relative to the size of one’s dominant hand. Supporting this ...
Lesser
... wooden balls of different shapes and textures. In the first task (c), the person was told to randomly pick up and drop the balls, paying little heed to their shapes. In the second task (d), the individual was asked to compare the shape and feel of two balls every time he or she picked one up in each ...
... wooden balls of different shapes and textures. In the first task (c), the person was told to randomly pick up and drop the balls, paying little heed to their shapes. In the second task (d), the individual was asked to compare the shape and feel of two balls every time he or she picked one up in each ...
Long thought to be solely the BRAIN`S COORDINATOR of body
... wooden balls of different shapes and textures. In the first task (c), the person was told to randomly pick up and drop the balls, paying little heed to their shapes. In the second task (d), the individual was asked to compare the shape and feel of two balls every time he or she picked one up in each ...
... wooden balls of different shapes and textures. In the first task (c), the person was told to randomly pick up and drop the balls, paying little heed to their shapes. In the second task (d), the individual was asked to compare the shape and feel of two balls every time he or she picked one up in each ...
Mechanisms of Visual Attention in the Human Cortex
... paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at the same time within a neuron’s RF are not processed independently, but rather that they interact with each other in a mutually suppressive way. This sensory suppress ...
... paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at the same time within a neuron’s RF are not processed independently, but rather that they interact with each other in a mutually suppressive way. This sensory suppress ...
Neuronal Interaction Dynamics in Cat Primary Visual Cortex
... Data were analyzed off-line in the Interactive Data Language graphical environment (Research Systems, Inc.). V isual stimulation. Stimuli were displayed on a PC -controlled 21 inch monitor (120 Hz, noninterlaced) positioned at a distance of 114 cm from the animal. An identical set of common stimuli ...
... Data were analyzed off-line in the Interactive Data Language graphical environment (Research Systems, Inc.). V isual stimulation. Stimuli were displayed on a PC -controlled 21 inch monitor (120 Hz, noninterlaced) positioned at a distance of 114 cm from the animal. An identical set of common stimuli ...
Integrating Top-Down and Bottom
... First we compared the network behavior for enabled versus disabled top-down projections between the two areas. An input stimulus with varying amount of noise was presented to area A whereas area B received no external signals. We considered total spike numbers as well as burst numbers to analyze the ...
... First we compared the network behavior for enabled versus disabled top-down projections between the two areas. An input stimulus with varying amount of noise was presented to area A whereas area B received no external signals. We considered total spike numbers as well as burst numbers to analyze the ...
Theories of pain: from specificity to gate control
... on the tube, which would then open a gate between the tube and the brain. The opening of this gate would then allow “animal spirits” (an extension of the Greek pneuma1) to flow through these tubes and within the muscles to move them. Although this sensory system was not specific to pain, La Forge’s ...
... on the tube, which would then open a gate between the tube and the brain. The opening of this gate would then allow “animal spirits” (an extension of the Greek pneuma1) to flow through these tubes and within the muscles to move them. Although this sensory system was not specific to pain, La Forge’s ...
Warm pleasant feelings in the brain
... primary, that is unlearned, reinforcers, and investigation of the neural mechanisms that are related to these stimuli and the feelings they arouse may provide a direct approach to understanding the brain mechanisms of emotion and indeed of decision-making (Cabanac, 2002; Rolls, 1999, 2005, 2008b). T ...
... primary, that is unlearned, reinforcers, and investigation of the neural mechanisms that are related to these stimuli and the feelings they arouse may provide a direct approach to understanding the brain mechanisms of emotion and indeed of decision-making (Cabanac, 2002; Rolls, 1999, 2005, 2008b). T ...
construction of a model demonstrating neural pathways and reflex arcs
... stimuli, even during sleep. For example, as you read this, your nervous system is receiving different types of information gathered by your eyes, such as color, light, texture of the paper, and the words on the paper. This is known as sensory reception. ...
... stimuli, even during sleep. For example, as you read this, your nervous system is receiving different types of information gathered by your eyes, such as color, light, texture of the paper, and the words on the paper. This is known as sensory reception. ...
construction of a model demonstrating neural pathways and reflex arcs
... stimuli, even during sleep. For example, as you read this, your nervous system is receiving different types of information gathered by your eyes, such as color, light, texture of the paper, and the words on the paper. This is known as sensory reception. ...
... stimuli, even during sleep. For example, as you read this, your nervous system is receiving different types of information gathered by your eyes, such as color, light, texture of the paper, and the words on the paper. This is known as sensory reception. ...
Perception
""Percept"", ""perceptual"", ""perceptible"" and ""imperceptible"" redirect here. For the Brian Blade album, see Perceptual (album). For the perceptibility of digital watermarks, see Digital watermarking#Perceptibility. For other uses, see Perception (disambiguation) and Percept (disambiguation).Perception (from the Latin perceptio, percipio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. All perception involves signals in the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sense organs. For example, vision involves light striking the retina of the eye, smell is mediated by odor molecules, and hearing involves pressure waves. Perception is not the passive receipt of these signals, but is shaped by learning, memory, expectation, and attention.Perception can be split into two processes Firstly processing sensory input which transforms these low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition). Secondly processing which is connected with person's concept and expectations (knowledge), and selective mechanisms (attention) that influence perception.Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness.Since the rise of experimental psychology in the 19th Century, psychology's understanding of perception has progressed by combining a variety of techniques. Psychophysics quantitatively describes the relationships between the physical qualities of the sensory input and perception. Sensory neuroscience studies the brain mechanisms underlying perception. Perceptual systems can also be studied computationally, in terms of the information they process. Perceptual issues in philosophy include the extent to which sensory qualities such as sound, smell or color exist in objective reality rather than in the mind of the perceiver.Although the senses were traditionally viewed as passive receptors, the study of illusions and ambiguous images has demonstrated that the brain's perceptual systems actively and pre-consciously attempt to make sense of their input. There is still active debate about the extent to which perception is an active process of hypothesis testing, analogous to science, or whether realistic sensory information is rich enough to make this process unnecessary.The perceptual systems of the brain enable individuals to see the world around them as stable, even though the sensory information is typically incomplete and rapidly varying. Human and animal brains are structured in a modular way, with different areas processing different kinds of sensory information. Some of these modules take the form of sensory maps, mapping some aspect of the world across part of the brain's surface. These different modules are interconnected and influence each other. For instance, taste is strongly influenced by smell.