Effects of Residual Inhibition Phenomenon on Early Auditory Evoked
... phenomenon, are similar to (or overlap with) those that cause generation of tinnitus (Roberts, 2007). By accepting aforesaid hypothesis, understanding neural mechanisms involved in RI can create a new horizon to understand the essential mechanisms in tinnitus. Feldman (1971) in his classic studies o ...
... phenomenon, are similar to (or overlap with) those that cause generation of tinnitus (Roberts, 2007). By accepting aforesaid hypothesis, understanding neural mechanisms involved in RI can create a new horizon to understand the essential mechanisms in tinnitus. Feldman (1971) in his classic studies o ...
Anatomy & Physiology I
... Touch sensations are usually due to stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or subcutaneous layer Crude touch is the ability to perceive that something has contacted the skin, but its location, shape, size, and texture can not be ascertained Fine touch provides specific information about ...
... Touch sensations are usually due to stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or subcutaneous layer Crude touch is the ability to perceive that something has contacted the skin, but its location, shape, size, and texture can not be ascertained Fine touch provides specific information about ...
Auditory Imagery: Empirical Findings
... findings, auditory imagery interfered more with detection of the target when the image was of the same frequency. These findings initially seemed inconsistent with Farah and Smith’s assertion that imagery facilitates perception. Okada and Matsuoka pointed out several differences in the methodology o ...
... findings, auditory imagery interfered more with detection of the target when the image was of the same frequency. These findings initially seemed inconsistent with Farah and Smith’s assertion that imagery facilitates perception. Okada and Matsuoka pointed out several differences in the methodology o ...
The Reorganization of Primary Auditory Cortex by Invasion of
... and inhibitory circuitry. These changes may be limited to a single modality, but research is beginning to reveal that recovery from loss of inputs involves multiple modalities. Sensory deprivation or deafferentation can cause the spared sensory region to be taken over by other sensory modalities (Fr ...
... and inhibitory circuitry. These changes may be limited to a single modality, but research is beginning to reveal that recovery from loss of inputs involves multiple modalities. Sensory deprivation or deafferentation can cause the spared sensory region to be taken over by other sensory modalities (Fr ...
Taste, olfactory, and food reward value processing
... making termination of a meal more likely (Giza et al., 1992). Further, if taste activity in NTS is affected by the rat’s nutritional ...
... making termination of a meal more likely (Giza et al., 1992). Further, if taste activity in NTS is affected by the rat’s nutritional ...
The Role of Temporal Structure in Human Vision
... human visual systems to simplify the grouping of local features into global forms and to promote the segregation of those forms from their backgrounds. Indeed, grouping and figure/ground segregation have constituted two of visual perception’s most enduring, widely studied problems. Dating back to th ...
... human visual systems to simplify the grouping of local features into global forms and to promote the segregation of those forms from their backgrounds. Indeed, grouping and figure/ground segregation have constituted two of visual perception’s most enduring, widely studied problems. Dating back to th ...
Early Sensory Pathways for Detection of Fearful Conditioned Stimuli
... and perform the task when a reversible or irreversible lesion was placed in either the somatosensory thalamus or the superior colliculus contralateral to the CS. However, simultaneous lesions of the somatosensory thalamus and superior colliculus contralateral to the CS blocked performance in the act ...
... and perform the task when a reversible or irreversible lesion was placed in either the somatosensory thalamus or the superior colliculus contralateral to the CS. However, simultaneous lesions of the somatosensory thalamus and superior colliculus contralateral to the CS blocked performance in the act ...
In 1978 Mountcastle hypothesized that the smallest functional unit of
... (“mosaic”) made up of discrete place-defined macrocolumns – “segregates”– in the region of cat and monkey somatosensory cortex which receives input from forelimb skin, also proposed that discrete place-defined macrocolumns are a common mode of topographic organization throughout somatosensory cortex ...
... (“mosaic”) made up of discrete place-defined macrocolumns – “segregates”– in the region of cat and monkey somatosensory cortex which receives input from forelimb skin, also proposed that discrete place-defined macrocolumns are a common mode of topographic organization throughout somatosensory cortex ...
Stereoscopic Processing of Absolute and Relative Disparity in
... ventral areas (hV4, V8/V4␣) showed an equal adaptation to both; and 3) early visual areas (V1, V2, V3) showed a small effect in both experiments. These results indicate that processing in dorsal areas may rely mostly on information about absolute disparities, while ventral areas split neural resourc ...
... ventral areas (hV4, V8/V4␣) showed an equal adaptation to both; and 3) early visual areas (V1, V2, V3) showed a small effect in both experiments. These results indicate that processing in dorsal areas may rely mostly on information about absolute disparities, while ventral areas split neural resourc ...
Mismatch Negativity: Different Water in the Same River
... The MMN can be distinguished from earlier difference waveforms on several dimensions. The most important earlier waveform is the N1 wave, which often increases in amplitude with a change in the stimulus and therefore shows up in the deviant-standard difference waveform (fig. 1). The differentiation ...
... The MMN can be distinguished from earlier difference waveforms on several dimensions. The most important earlier waveform is the N1 wave, which often increases in amplitude with a change in the stimulus and therefore shows up in the deviant-standard difference waveform (fig. 1). The differentiation ...
Spatial cognition, body representation and affective processes
... be refined in order to better assess what participants are doing when they recall from memory previously experienced vestibular sensations. As pointed out by zu Eulenburg et al. (2013a), they used a non-visual first-person strategy that differed from similar mental body transformation tasks, which r ...
... be refined in order to better assess what participants are doing when they recall from memory previously experienced vestibular sensations. As pointed out by zu Eulenburg et al. (2013a), they used a non-visual first-person strategy that differed from similar mental body transformation tasks, which r ...
Auditory Pathways and Processes
... orientation, help the listener move toward or away from the perceived stimuli. They contribute to basic awareness and attention (Parvizi & Damasio, 2001). Before a cortical interpretation of the meaning of the incoming signal can occur and a behavioral response is generated, all sounds, both speech ...
... orientation, help the listener move toward or away from the perceived stimuli. They contribute to basic awareness and attention (Parvizi & Damasio, 2001). Before a cortical interpretation of the meaning of the incoming signal can occur and a behavioral response is generated, all sounds, both speech ...
Selective attention through selective neuronal synchronization
... it is in most cases associated with increased firing rates. However, firing rates and gamma-band synchronization can also be dissociated from each other and this can be found primarily when firing rate changes are not driven by changes in bottom-up input (e.g. stimulus changes), but rather by change ...
... it is in most cases associated with increased firing rates. However, firing rates and gamma-band synchronization can also be dissociated from each other and this can be found primarily when firing rate changes are not driven by changes in bottom-up input (e.g. stimulus changes), but rather by change ...
The Cellular Basis of a Corollary Discharge
... auditory afferents with PADs and the postsynaptic inhibition of an identified auditory interneuron with IPSPs. This twofold inhibition reduces the auditory response to self-generated sounds and protects the cricket_s auditory pathway from desensitization during sound production, allowing it to remai ...
... auditory afferents with PADs and the postsynaptic inhibition of an identified auditory interneuron with IPSPs. This twofold inhibition reduces the auditory response to self-generated sounds and protects the cricket_s auditory pathway from desensitization during sound production, allowing it to remai ...
University of Groningen Gustatory neural processing in the
... range of taste sensation 106. Moreover, molecules that elicit similar verbal reports of taste from humans or neural activity in gustatory afferent nerves often bear little chemical relation to one another. For example, many mono- and disaccharides taste sweet to humans. Not all sugars however, taste ...
... range of taste sensation 106. Moreover, molecules that elicit similar verbal reports of taste from humans or neural activity in gustatory afferent nerves often bear little chemical relation to one another. For example, many mono- and disaccharides taste sweet to humans. Not all sugars however, taste ...
Experience-Dependent Sharpening of Visual Shape Selectivity in
... Figure 2. Examples of other stimuli used for ITC neuronal recordings (N = 298 neurons from 2 monkeys) during passive viewing. During each passive viewing recording session, monkeys were shown 20 novel stimuli that the monkey had not seen before that session and 20 familiar stimuli that the monkey ha ...
... Figure 2. Examples of other stimuli used for ITC neuronal recordings (N = 298 neurons from 2 monkeys) during passive viewing. During each passive viewing recording session, monkeys were shown 20 novel stimuli that the monkey had not seen before that session and 20 familiar stimuli that the monkey ha ...
Transitional Probabilities Are Prioritized over Stimulus/Pattern
... ms duration, including a 100 ms prestimulus period (serving as baseline for the amplitude mea- Figure 1. A, Schematic illustration of the tone patterns. Stimuli were triplets composed of low (black rectangle) and high surements), were extracted from the continuous sinusoidal tones (white rectangle). ...
... ms duration, including a 100 ms prestimulus period (serving as baseline for the amplitude mea- Figure 1. A, Schematic illustration of the tone patterns. Stimuli were triplets composed of low (black rectangle) and high surements), were extracted from the continuous sinusoidal tones (white rectangle). ...
5. Gesture as a bridge between action and
... To the extent that PSS, and the embodied viewpoint more generally, captures the way individuals understand and process the information they encounter, we can make some straightforward predictions about how acting in the world and, specifically, one’s previous action experiences, should influence cog ...
... To the extent that PSS, and the embodied viewpoint more generally, captures the way individuals understand and process the information they encounter, we can make some straightforward predictions about how acting in the world and, specifically, one’s previous action experiences, should influence cog ...
Neural Correlates of Knowledge: Stable Representation of Stimulus
... the subject must identify the stimulus that has been paired with the cue (e.g., an umbrella). To perform correctly the subject must access their knowledge of the stimulus pairing at some time between when the cue is presented and the choice is made. Using the PA task, previous studies have shown tha ...
... the subject must identify the stimulus that has been paired with the cue (e.g., an umbrella). To perform correctly the subject must access their knowledge of the stimulus pairing at some time between when the cue is presented and the choice is made. Using the PA task, previous studies have shown tha ...
Flow of information for emotions through temporal and orbitofrontal pathways REVIEW
... The posterior orbitofrontal cortex, anterior temporal sensory association areas and the amygdala have a key role in emotional processing and are robustly interconnected. By analogy with the pattern of connections in early processing sensory areas, anterior temporal sensory and polymodal association ...
... The posterior orbitofrontal cortex, anterior temporal sensory association areas and the amygdala have a key role in emotional processing and are robustly interconnected. By analogy with the pattern of connections in early processing sensory areas, anterior temporal sensory and polymodal association ...
THE AMYGDALA AND REWARD
... provides the context for an action (approach the food cup). This analysis indicates that an intact ability to solve visual-discrimination problems through instrumental conditioning and to acquire the food-cup approach through Pavlovian conditioning does not rule out a role for the amygdala in the pr ...
... provides the context for an action (approach the food cup). This analysis indicates that an intact ability to solve visual-discrimination problems through instrumental conditioning and to acquire the food-cup approach through Pavlovian conditioning does not rule out a role for the amygdala in the pr ...
the amygdala and reward
... provides the context for an action (approach the food cup). This analysis indicates that an intact ability to solve visual-discrimination problems through instrumental conditioning and to acquire the food-cup approach through Pavlovian conditioning does not rule out a role for the amygdala in the pr ...
... provides the context for an action (approach the food cup). This analysis indicates that an intact ability to solve visual-discrimination problems through instrumental conditioning and to acquire the food-cup approach through Pavlovian conditioning does not rule out a role for the amygdala in the pr ...
The encoding and decoding of com-
... readout stage. We propose a novel neural readout circuit based on wavelet transform that decodes the TPC over different frequency bands. We show that, in comparison with pure linear readouts used previously, the proposed system provides a robust, fast and highly compact representation of visual inpu ...
... readout stage. We propose a novel neural readout circuit based on wavelet transform that decodes the TPC over different frequency bands. We show that, in comparison with pure linear readouts used previously, the proposed system provides a robust, fast and highly compact representation of visual inpu ...
Perception
""Percept"", ""perceptual"", ""perceptible"" and ""imperceptible"" redirect here. For the Brian Blade album, see Perceptual (album). For the perceptibility of digital watermarks, see Digital watermarking#Perceptibility. For other uses, see Perception (disambiguation) and Percept (disambiguation).Perception (from the Latin perceptio, percipio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. All perception involves signals in the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sense organs. For example, vision involves light striking the retina of the eye, smell is mediated by odor molecules, and hearing involves pressure waves. Perception is not the passive receipt of these signals, but is shaped by learning, memory, expectation, and attention.Perception can be split into two processes Firstly processing sensory input which transforms these low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition). Secondly processing which is connected with person's concept and expectations (knowledge), and selective mechanisms (attention) that influence perception.Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness.Since the rise of experimental psychology in the 19th Century, psychology's understanding of perception has progressed by combining a variety of techniques. Psychophysics quantitatively describes the relationships between the physical qualities of the sensory input and perception. Sensory neuroscience studies the brain mechanisms underlying perception. Perceptual systems can also be studied computationally, in terms of the information they process. Perceptual issues in philosophy include the extent to which sensory qualities such as sound, smell or color exist in objective reality rather than in the mind of the perceiver.Although the senses were traditionally viewed as passive receptors, the study of illusions and ambiguous images has demonstrated that the brain's perceptual systems actively and pre-consciously attempt to make sense of their input. There is still active debate about the extent to which perception is an active process of hypothesis testing, analogous to science, or whether realistic sensory information is rich enough to make this process unnecessary.The perceptual systems of the brain enable individuals to see the world around them as stable, even though the sensory information is typically incomplete and rapidly varying. Human and animal brains are structured in a modular way, with different areas processing different kinds of sensory information. Some of these modules take the form of sensory maps, mapping some aspect of the world across part of the brain's surface. These different modules are interconnected and influence each other. For instance, taste is strongly influenced by smell.