Different Stimuli, Different Spatial Codes: A Visual Map and an
... periphery. This coding format discrepancy therefore poses a potential problem for brain regions responsible for representing both visual and auditory information. Here, we investigated the coding of auditory space in the primate superior colliculus(SC), a structure known to contain visual and oculom ...
... periphery. This coding format discrepancy therefore poses a potential problem for brain regions responsible for representing both visual and auditory information. Here, we investigated the coding of auditory space in the primate superior colliculus(SC), a structure known to contain visual and oculom ...
Does the sound of a barking dog activate its corresponding visual
... phonological encoding demands. Training of novel items was continued until 100% accuracy was achieved such that differences in activations for novel and familiar items was unlikely to be attributed to difficulty. As such, the familiar-novel contrast was intended to isolate enhanced activation associ ...
... phonological encoding demands. Training of novel items was continued until 100% accuracy was achieved such that differences in activations for novel and familiar items was unlikely to be attributed to difficulty. As such, the familiar-novel contrast was intended to isolate enhanced activation associ ...
Inferior Parietal Lobule Function in Spatial Perception and
... tion, i.e., the inability to attend simultaneously to two internal spatial representations or memories against or more objects in visual space. Bisiach et al. (30) have which this altered perception can be compared. This shown that a spatial deficit can exist even when atten- proposed memory loss wo ...
... tion, i.e., the inability to attend simultaneously to two internal spatial representations or memories against or more objects in visual space. Bisiach et al. (30) have which this altered perception can be compared. This shown that a spatial deficit can exist even when atten- proposed memory loss wo ...
Visual Categorization and the Primate Prefrontal Cortex
... allowed us to isolate an average of nearly two neurons per electrode. We did not prescreen neurons for task-related activity such as visual responsiveness or stimulus selectivity. Rather, we randomly selected neurons for study by advancing each electrode until the activity of one or more neurons was ...
... allowed us to isolate an average of nearly two neurons per electrode. We did not prescreen neurons for task-related activity such as visual responsiveness or stimulus selectivity. Rather, we randomly selected neurons for study by advancing each electrode until the activity of one or more neurons was ...
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... six animals. Fig. 3A shows all of the tuning curve tips from the map shown in Fig. 2B. The reproducibility of these maps and the relatively even distribution of frequency tuning make the rat a useful species for studying the e¡ects that behavioral training and other plasticity paradigms have on cort ...
... six animals. Fig. 3A shows all of the tuning curve tips from the map shown in Fig. 2B. The reproducibility of these maps and the relatively even distribution of frequency tuning make the rat a useful species for studying the e¡ects that behavioral training and other plasticity paradigms have on cort ...
Persistent perceptual delay for head movement onset
... slower. On the other hand, if it is the latter, then one would expect that even though the temporal processing of some signals are faster than others, they would be detected at the same time. There have been a considerable amount of studies revealing that the temporal processing of tactile, visual a ...
... slower. On the other hand, if it is the latter, then one would expect that even though the temporal processing of some signals are faster than others, they would be detected at the same time. There have been a considerable amount of studies revealing that the temporal processing of tactile, visual a ...
Task demands determine the specificity of the search template Mary
... targets images were new exemplars of the same fish species used for training. Testing involved 10 blocks of 36 trials, and 80% of the trials had a target. This percentage of present trials was the same as during training, and it allowed us to maximize the usable data we could collect in a session. U ...
... targets images were new exemplars of the same fish species used for training. Testing involved 10 blocks of 36 trials, and 80% of the trials had a target. This percentage of present trials was the same as during training, and it allowed us to maximize the usable data we could collect in a session. U ...
Models and Measurements of Functional Maps in V1
... from single-unit studies that individual neurons are preferentially sensitive to a small set of stimulus features and that neuronal sensitivity to these features varies across the cortical sheet within a visual area (Hubel and Wiesel 1962). Over the last 20 years, optical imaging has allowed the act ...
... from single-unit studies that individual neurons are preferentially sensitive to a small set of stimulus features and that neuronal sensitivity to these features varies across the cortical sheet within a visual area (Hubel and Wiesel 1962). Over the last 20 years, optical imaging has allowed the act ...
Words and pictures in the left fusiform gyrus
... An area in the left fusiform gyrus labelled the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) is claimed to be especially, or even selectively, responsive to words. We explored how stimulus type and task demands affect activity in this area by conducting a PET experiment where words and pictures were presented in tw ...
... An area in the left fusiform gyrus labelled the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) is claimed to be especially, or even selectively, responsive to words. We explored how stimulus type and task demands affect activity in this area by conducting a PET experiment where words and pictures were presented in tw ...
No Binocular Rivalry in the LGN of Alert Macaque Monkeys
... condition. Since responses for the different stimulus conditions were not normalized separately, relative peak height across different conditions can be compared. Although each single-unit power spectrum had a maximum peak of 1.0, the population power spectrum formed by averaging them had a peak of ...
... condition. Since responses for the different stimulus conditions were not normalized separately, relative peak height across different conditions can be compared. Although each single-unit power spectrum had a maximum peak of 1.0, the population power spectrum formed by averaging them had a peak of ...
Reference frames for representing the location of visual and tactile
... common frame of reference, one might expect a spatial congruence between the encoded regions of the head surface and extrapersonal visual space. The analysis presented above suggests that this hypothesis is unlikely to hold for all neurons and for all eye positions. Indeed, bimodal cells showed the ...
... common frame of reference, one might expect a spatial congruence between the encoded regions of the head surface and extrapersonal visual space. The analysis presented above suggests that this hypothesis is unlikely to hold for all neurons and for all eye positions. Indeed, bimodal cells showed the ...
Visual Responses of Pulvinar and Collicular Neurons During Eye
... the fixation point (Fig. IA). Once they were able to fixate correctly, they were trained to make saccadic eye movements from one stimulus to another on simultaneous termination of the fixation point and appearance of a target. They also learned to make smooth pursuit eye movements by following the s ...
... the fixation point (Fig. IA). Once they were able to fixate correctly, they were trained to make saccadic eye movements from one stimulus to another on simultaneous termination of the fixation point and appearance of a target. They also learned to make smooth pursuit eye movements by following the s ...
The neural mechanisms of perceptual filling-in
... occurs in a variety of well-known illusions, three of which are described here. In these cases, filling-in occurs in the normal visual field and does not require prolonged fixation. In FIG. 1b, line ends of coloured parts of the circles are aligned to form the contour of an illusory figure, and the ...
... occurs in a variety of well-known illusions, three of which are described here. In these cases, filling-in occurs in the normal visual field and does not require prolonged fixation. In FIG. 1b, line ends of coloured parts of the circles are aligned to form the contour of an illusory figure, and the ...
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... sheet, thus representing the visual field in a continuous fashion [23]. This locally continuous representation may be interrupted, for example, when only the contralateral half or upper/lower portion of the visual field is mapped (common in early visual and somatotopic areas). A complete representat ...
... sheet, thus representing the visual field in a continuous fashion [23]. This locally continuous representation may be interrupted, for example, when only the contralateral half or upper/lower portion of the visual field is mapped (common in early visual and somatotopic areas). A complete representat ...
Anatomical origins of the classical receptive field and modulatory
... of the visual field than can be identified on the basis of recording spikes. We confine our discussion here to suprathreshold measurements of RF size and properties, with the caveat that it is not yet known how the different types of inputs to a cortical neuron are integrated to produce suprathresho ...
... of the visual field than can be identified on the basis of recording spikes. We confine our discussion here to suprathreshold measurements of RF size and properties, with the caveat that it is not yet known how the different types of inputs to a cortical neuron are integrated to produce suprathresho ...
invariant face and object recognition in the visual system
... be confusing for structures which receive inputs from the temporal cortical visual areas. To investigate this we measured the responses of inferior temporal cortical neurons with face-selective responses in rhesus macaques performing a visual fixation task. We found that the response of neurons to a ...
... be confusing for structures which receive inputs from the temporal cortical visual areas. To investigate this we measured the responses of inferior temporal cortical neurons with face-selective responses in rhesus macaques performing a visual fixation task. We found that the response of neurons to a ...
Chapter 4 monkey
... which mediate both attentional and decision-making processes if the task requires an eye movement response. The roles of area FEF and the principal sulcus (PS) in decision making have been investigated in a task in which randomly moving dots indicated to the monkey which of the two targets was to be ...
... which mediate both attentional and decision-making processes if the task requires an eye movement response. The roles of area FEF and the principal sulcus (PS) in decision making have been investigated in a task in which randomly moving dots indicated to the monkey which of the two targets was to be ...
State-Dependent TMS Reveals a Hierarchical
... into a hierarchically higher and more abstract representation of observed acts. Some studies have shown a capacity of abstraction of observed acts by neural populations in the inferior parietal and frontal cortices, demonstrating in some instances also a lower hierarchical level of processing by ext ...
... into a hierarchically higher and more abstract representation of observed acts. Some studies have shown a capacity of abstraction of observed acts by neural populations in the inferior parietal and frontal cortices, demonstrating in some instances also a lower hierarchical level of processing by ext ...
Cortical Algorithms for Perceptual Grouping
... field compete for representation in the visual cortex. The competition is particularly strong in higher areas, where multiple objects are likely to fall into one RF. These inhibitory interactions occur on a fast timescale so that the competition already has an effect during the initial feedforward pr ...
... field compete for representation in the visual cortex. The competition is particularly strong in higher areas, where multiple objects are likely to fall into one RF. These inhibitory interactions occur on a fast timescale so that the competition already has an effect during the initial feedforward pr ...
Saccade performance in the nasal and temporal
... (FEF) and the supplementary eye field (SEF). The FEF and SEF projects to the caudate nucleus which projetcs to substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr, a part of basal ganglia) which in turn projects to the SC (Leigh and Zee, 1999) and therefore the FEF and SEF seem to have both direct and indirect pr ...
... (FEF) and the supplementary eye field (SEF). The FEF and SEF projects to the caudate nucleus which projetcs to substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr, a part of basal ganglia) which in turn projects to the SC (Leigh and Zee, 1999) and therefore the FEF and SEF seem to have both direct and indirect pr ...
Neural Correlates of Executive Control in the Avian Brain
... memory that which is relevant, while restricting access to memory or discarding from memory that which is not. Our data are the first example of neural correlates of executive control in a nonmammalian species. We would also argue that they are the most straightforward example of neural correlates of ...
... memory that which is relevant, while restricting access to memory or discarding from memory that which is not. Our data are the first example of neural correlates of executive control in a nonmammalian species. We would also argue that they are the most straightforward example of neural correlates of ...
Warm pleasant feelings in the brain
... that even with any topologically mapped representation of the body surface that might be present in the activated brain regions, the regions of activation would be close in the brain. The method of stimulus delivery ensured that the devices were continually in place during the experiment, and that o ...
... that even with any topologically mapped representation of the body surface that might be present in the activated brain regions, the regions of activation would be close in the brain. The method of stimulus delivery ensured that the devices were continually in place during the experiment, and that o ...
Data Visualization Optimization Computational Modeling of Perception
... similar to the Grossberg model. Most importantly, while the Li and Grossberg models run until feedback produces a steady state, in contrast, our feedback consists of a single lateral excitation stage. The reasons for this are twofold. First, data visualizations are typically viewed in an exploratory ...
... similar to the Grossberg model. Most importantly, while the Li and Grossberg models run until feedback produces a steady state, in contrast, our feedback consists of a single lateral excitation stage. The reasons for this are twofold. First, data visualizations are typically viewed in an exploratory ...
Self-images in the video monitor coded by monkey intraparietal
... resided in the hand/forearm area was formed the visual receptive field defined as a territory in the space where a neuron responded to the moving visual stimuli. Tooluse induced an expansion of the visual receptive field only when monkeys intended to use tools to retrieve distant objects, but the mo ...
... resided in the hand/forearm area was formed the visual receptive field defined as a territory in the space where a neuron responded to the moving visual stimuli. Tooluse induced an expansion of the visual receptive field only when monkeys intended to use tools to retrieve distant objects, but the mo ...
Synchrony Unbound: Review A Critical Evaluation of
... only begin to define a solution to the problem, and even these feature-based combination rules must operate over wider areas of visual space than can plausibly be processed by neurons in V1. Consider the arrow segmentation cartoon of Figure 1A. Here, the cues of collinearity and common color seen by ...
... only begin to define a solution to the problem, and even these feature-based combination rules must operate over wider areas of visual space than can plausibly be processed by neurons in V1. Consider the arrow segmentation cartoon of Figure 1A. Here, the cues of collinearity and common color seen by ...