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Which of the following would cause the production possibilities
Which of the following would cause the production possibilities

... 16. Suppose two countries are capable of individually producing two given commodities. Instead, each specializes by producing the commodity for which it has a comparative advantage and then trades with the other country. Which of the following is most likely to result? a. The two countries will bec ...
3 - Personal Finance
3 - Personal Finance

... – Over four million paychecks are stolen annually with no protection to employees – Regulation E provides exceptional safety and protection for payroll card holders © Family Economics & Financial Education – Revised March 2008 – Paychecks and Taxes Unit – Understanding Your Paycheck – Slide 8 Funded ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 14: Stabilization Policy
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 14: Stabilization Policy

... An example of the Lucas Critique  Prediction (based on past experience): ...
Income and Expenditure
Income and Expenditure

... rate of real GDP leads to higher planned investment spending, but a lower growth rate of real GDP leads to a lower planned investment spending. In 2006, when real GDP growth turned negative, planned investment spending especially in residential investment spending—plunged, accelerating the economy’s ...
Chapter 21 - The influence of monetary and fiscal policy on aggregate demand
Chapter 21 - The influence of monetary and fiscal policy on aggregate demand

... interest rate to rise from r1 to r2. Panel (b) shows the effects on aggregate demand. The initial impact of the increase in government purchases shifts the aggregate-demand curve from AD1 to AD2. Yet because the interest rate is the cost of borrowing, the increase in the interest rate tends to reduc ...
PDF
PDF

... period. The number of observations available for SO2, for example, is more than 14,000 distributed in 2760 monitoring stations. This large number of observations and large number of monitoring stations per country allow us to implement a method such as the TVCE while still having enough degrees of f ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research Volume Title: Taxing Multinational Corporations
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research Volume Title: Taxing Multinational Corporations

... are invested abroad. Moreover, only about 3 percent of the total U.S. private financial wealth of $9.4 trillion at the end of 1991 was invested in foreign stocks and bonds. This segmentation of the global capital market implies that an international flow of portfolio funds or bank loans does not aut ...
The Costs and Consequences of the 2007
The Costs and Consequences of the 2007

... attempts to measure what was lost or foregone as a consequence of the crisis, recognizing that not all costs have a dollar value associated with them. We de…ne the cost in terms of how much worse o¤ society is as a result of the …nancial crisis. We include consequences that were not directly caused ...
Human capital and economic growth in OECD countries
Human capital and economic growth in OECD countries

... In the empirical literature the discrimination between these theories is anything but clear-cut. The reason for this is the long-term character of the steady-state in the Solow model and the fact that economies seem to converge only slowly to it. Because of conditional convergence, i.e. all other th ...
Pacific Global Equity Opportunity UCITS
Pacific Global Equity Opportunity UCITS

... Classes (each available in USD Hedged, GBP, EUR Hedged, CHF Hedged, AUD Hedged, JPY Hedged, SGD Hedged currencies). Further information in respect of these other classes is set out in the Fund's Supplement. The Fund’s Depositary is State Street Custodial Services (Ireland) Limited. Pacific Capital U ...
Achieving full employment in the transition economies
Achieving full employment in the transition economies

... institutional reforms which would encourage a market economy to function. In this process some countries have met fewer impediments, whether they be of longstanding or more recently virtually self imposed, than others. And the process itself necessarily imposes strains as equilibrium is sought in tu ...
Government Finance Indicators: Truth and Myth
Government Finance Indicators: Truth and Myth

... conceptual point of view, this would clearly be preferable. Yet, quite a number of countries have doubts because of the difficulty to arrive at a high-quality, internationally comparable measures for this item. However, even in the case of lower quality estimates, in our opinion, international compa ...
Indicators of Business Investment
Indicators of Business Investment

... of capacity utilisation were at relatively high levels (Graph 3). One way that capacity utilisation can affect investment is through firms’ profitability, since the strength of aggregate demand relative to supply tends to push up output prices. The availability of funds – from retained earnings, deb ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research

... into the cash economy. Depending on the distribution of the aj within an industry, tax rates can potentially be quite high, with some firms paying this high tax rate and others avoiding it through disintermediation. The conventional model does not include any structure sufficient to explain the presen ...
benefits of alternative investments
benefits of alternative investments

... portfolio returns compared to the opportunities available in traditional asset classes like listed equities and fixed interest. Alternative investments generally have a low correlation of returns to investments in traditional asset classes. Adding opportunistic investments to a traditional, balance ...
macronotes - Houston H. Stokes Page
macronotes - Houston H. Stokes Page

... hours than in Chicago. => more labor hoarding in Chicago. # employed * hours per week is a better measure BUT this does not take into account differences in overtime. ...
NBI Municipal Bond Plus Private Portfolio - Series
NBI Municipal Bond Plus Private Portfolio - Series

... whether or not you hold the fund in a registered plan, such as a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) or a Tax-Free Savings Account (TFSA). Keep in mind that if you hold your fund in a non-registered account, fund distributions are included in your taxable income, whether you get them in cash o ...
Chapter 14: Monetary Policy - the School of Economics and Finance
Chapter 14: Monetary Policy - the School of Economics and Finance

... with real GDP of $13.8 trillion and a price level of 98. An expansionary monetary policy causes aggregate demand to shift to the right, from AD1 to AD2, increasing real GDP from $13.8 trillion to $14.0 trillion and the price level from 98 to 100 (point B). With real GDP back at its potential level, ...
How Much Is That in Dollars?
How Much Is That in Dollars?

... In countries where the opportunities for investment in productive capital have been sizeable relative to saving propensities, current account deficits might be sustainable for longer period of time. ...
2014 Multifamily Outlook
2014 Multifamily Outlook

... to the previous year and the unemployment rate declined to 6.9% from 8.3% a year ago. The tourism sector, that constitutes more than one fifth of total job market, benefited from the recovery of US and Mexican economies. On the other hand, the defense sector, constituting another fifth of the job ma ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 2: The Data of Macroeconomics
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 2: The Data of Macroeconomics

... • Substitution bias: The CPI uses fixed weights, so it cannot reflect consumers’ ability to substitute toward goods whose relative prices have fallen. • Introduction of new goods: The introduction of new goods makes consumers better off and, in effect, increases the real value of the dollar. But it ...
Chapter 2 R : T
Chapter 2 R : T

... The overall resources of the Union Government comprise of revenue and capital (debt and non-debt receipts as well as accruals in public account) receipts. Notwithstanding the inter year variations in the growth of various components over a longer term (19852006), the ratio between the debt receipts ...
ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research Working
ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research Working

... Figure 1 presents the main results, showing the contribution of each factor to average annual changes in real GDP.8 Between 1990 and 2015, the Chinese, Vietnamese, and Singaporean economies grew fastest, at between 6% and 10% per annum; those of Russia, Japan, and Brunei grew slowest, at below 1.5%. ...
IS-MP
IS-MP

... addition to the use of tax rates – For example, the government can use the investment tax credit to encourage investment ...
welsh joint education committee
welsh joint education committee

... The US recovery, once it begins may suck in imports faster than exports can compensate. (1-2) Risk of government failure in infrastructure spending/training and education, meaning that the policies are ineffective. (1-2) The US economy isn’t the only one making supply side reforms the changes may on ...
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Pensions crisis

The pensions crisis is a predicted difficulty in paying for corporate, state, and federal pensions in the United States and Europe, due to a difference between pension obligations and the resources set aside to fund them. Shifting demographics are causing a lower ratio of workers per retiree; contributing factors include retirees living longer (increasing the relative number of retirees), and lower birth rates (decreasing the relative number of workers, especially relative to the Post-WW2 Baby Boom). There is significant debate regarding the magnitude and importance of the problem, as well as the solutions.For example, as of 2008, the estimates for the underfunding of U.S. states' pension programs range from $1 trillion using the discount rate of 8% to $3.23 trillion using U.S. Treasury bond yields as the discount rate. The present value of unfunded obligations under Social Security as of August 2010 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the program's shortfall between tax revenues and payouts over the next 75 years.Some economists question the concept of funding, and, therefore underfunding. Storing funds by governments, in the form of fiat currencies, is the functional equivalent of storing a collection of their own IOUs. They will be equally inflationary to newly written ones when they do come to be used.Reform ideas are in three primary categories: a) Addressing the worker-retiree ratio, via raising the retirement age, employment policy and immigration policy; b) Reducing obligations via shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution pension types and reducing future payment amounts (by, for example, adjusting the formula that determines the level of benefits); and c) Increasing resources to fund pensions via increasing contribution rates and raising taxes.
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