Associative Learning and Long-Term Potentiation
... underlying certain forms of learning. LTP is evoked by high-frequency stimulation of selected afferent pathways, resulting in a long-lasting enhancement of synaptic efficacy. It was generally assumed that the experimental induction of LTP would disturb the synaptic changes taking place during associ ...
... underlying certain forms of learning. LTP is evoked by high-frequency stimulation of selected afferent pathways, resulting in a long-lasting enhancement of synaptic efficacy. It was generally assumed that the experimental induction of LTP would disturb the synaptic changes taking place during associ ...
Motor “Binding:” Do Functional Assemblies in Primary Motor Cortex
... to the brain stem and spinal cord to express neural computations related to sensation, perception, and thought for voluntary action. Functional and anatomical features of M1 make it a particularly likely neocortical candidate site for implementation of motor binding. The intrinsic organization of M1 ...
... to the brain stem and spinal cord to express neural computations related to sensation, perception, and thought for voluntary action. Functional and anatomical features of M1 make it a particularly likely neocortical candidate site for implementation of motor binding. The intrinsic organization of M1 ...
Brain Organization Simulation System
... Gene/L supercomputer. Simulating each clock-second of electrical activity in 100 billion synapses and 8 million to 1 billion neurons takes 2 to 4 hours. Slender computer memories limit the number of synapses in BOSS models. Each NY-Blue node has one gigabyte (billion bytes) of computer memory, half ...
... Gene/L supercomputer. Simulating each clock-second of electrical activity in 100 billion synapses and 8 million to 1 billion neurons takes 2 to 4 hours. Slender computer memories limit the number of synapses in BOSS models. Each NY-Blue node has one gigabyte (billion bytes) of computer memory, half ...
Brain rhythms in mental time travel
... perceptual state, projected along these associative pathways, retrieves a blend of the contextual states that it, or similar perceptual states, have been associated with in the past. In other words, ongoing experiences continually retrieve prior contextual states that modify the current contextual r ...
... perceptual state, projected along these associative pathways, retrieves a blend of the contextual states that it, or similar perceptual states, have been associated with in the past. In other words, ongoing experiences continually retrieve prior contextual states that modify the current contextual r ...
The Octopus as a Possible Model for Invertebrate Consciousness
... Do octopuses have ‘cognitive maps’ (and underlying spatial and episodic memory functions) comparable to those of mammals? (see Mather J.(1991) J (1991) JJ. Comp Comp. Phys. Phys A ,168(4):491-497) ...
... Do octopuses have ‘cognitive maps’ (and underlying spatial and episodic memory functions) comparable to those of mammals? (see Mather J.(1991) J (1991) JJ. Comp Comp. Phys. Phys A ,168(4):491-497) ...
Insect olfactory memory in time and space
... properties of DPM neuronal process after olfactory learning. They found that pairing odor with shock increased subsequent odor-evoked calcium influx and synaptic release from the DPM neurons, but this increase was delayed, appearing first at 30 min after training and persisting for at least an hour ...
... properties of DPM neuronal process after olfactory learning. They found that pairing odor with shock increased subsequent odor-evoked calcium influx and synaptic release from the DPM neurons, but this increase was delayed, appearing first at 30 min after training and persisting for at least an hour ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... The most widely acknowledged Psychophysiological change due to ageing is a decline in cognitive processes. However, not all cognitive processes equally decline with age; this is particularly true with regards to the various faculties of memory. Under this premise, and with these observations in the ...
... The most widely acknowledged Psychophysiological change due to ageing is a decline in cognitive processes. However, not all cognitive processes equally decline with age; this is particularly true with regards to the various faculties of memory. Under this premise, and with these observations in the ...
"The Hidden Mind" - Emotion, Memory and the Brain by
... In addition, the kinds of stimuli most commonly used in this type of conditioning are not signals that rats— or humans, for that matter— encounter in their daily lives. The novelty and irrelevance of these lights and sounds help to ensure that the animals have not already developed strong emotional ...
... In addition, the kinds of stimuli most commonly used in this type of conditioning are not signals that rats— or humans, for that matter— encounter in their daily lives. The novelty and irrelevance of these lights and sounds help to ensure that the animals have not already developed strong emotional ...
The Nervous System
... Neurons are highly specialized for the processing and transmission of cellular signals. Given the diversity of functions performed by neurons in different parts of the nervous system, there is, as expected, a wide variety in the shape, size, and electrochemical properties of neurons. For instance, t ...
... Neurons are highly specialized for the processing and transmission of cellular signals. Given the diversity of functions performed by neurons in different parts of the nervous system, there is, as expected, a wide variety in the shape, size, and electrochemical properties of neurons. For instance, t ...
Neuroimaging Studies of Memory. In Encyclopedia of the
... purchased your current bicycle, or given the time and place, you may recall the features of the bicycle that you purchased. The other category of declarative memory is semantic: This type of memory consists of the vast store of facts and events that you have in longterm memory, regardless of whethe ...
... purchased your current bicycle, or given the time and place, you may recall the features of the bicycle that you purchased. The other category of declarative memory is semantic: This type of memory consists of the vast store of facts and events that you have in longterm memory, regardless of whethe ...
392868
... “episodic memory” [3] and known to be maintained by the hippocampus. Even if damage to the hippocampus occurs in childhood, patients with damage to the hippocampus show difficulty in the formation and maintenance of the episodic memory [4]. This is one of the reason why the hippocampus is considered a ...
... “episodic memory” [3] and known to be maintained by the hippocampus. Even if damage to the hippocampus occurs in childhood, patients with damage to the hippocampus show difficulty in the formation and maintenance of the episodic memory [4]. This is one of the reason why the hippocampus is considered a ...
Memory Cure -- through ‘brain specific nutrients’?
... of different enzymes called kinases. The functioning of any cell is determined by the proteins that are produced in the cell and their activity, and kinases selectively alter the activity of proteins. Kinases can remain active for hours once activated, and so have time to produce many prolonged alte ...
... of different enzymes called kinases. The functioning of any cell is determined by the proteins that are produced in the cell and their activity, and kinases selectively alter the activity of proteins. Kinases can remain active for hours once activated, and so have time to produce many prolonged alte ...
Ramón y Cajal, 19 th century
... calcium, neurons change their morphology with respect to their axonal and dendritic shape. This leads to changes in neuronal connectivity which, in turn, adapts neuronal activity. The goal is that by these changes neurons achieve a homeostatic equilibrium of their activity. ...
... calcium, neurons change their morphology with respect to their axonal and dendritic shape. This leads to changes in neuronal connectivity which, in turn, adapts neuronal activity. The goal is that by these changes neurons achieve a homeostatic equilibrium of their activity. ...
... The trial finished when the animal found the platform. When a rat did not find the platform within 60 s, the experimenter placed the animal on the platform where it remained for 15 s. After this period the rat was returned to its cage for 30 s after which it was introduced in the pool again. As a co ...
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience
... e. Learning. We know a lot of facts (LTP, LTD, STDP). • it’s not clear which, if any, are relevant. • the relationship between learning rules and computation is essentially unknown. Theorists are starting to develop unsupervised learning algorithms, mainly ones that maximize mutual information. The ...
... e. Learning. We know a lot of facts (LTP, LTD, STDP). • it’s not clear which, if any, are relevant. • the relationship between learning rules and computation is essentially unknown. Theorists are starting to develop unsupervised learning algorithms, mainly ones that maximize mutual information. The ...
Cognitive Training Enhances Intrinsic Brain Connectivity in Childhood
... (Gazzaley and Nobre, 2012). Similar functional interactions have been implicated in working memory performance during childhood (Astle et al., 2014; Barnes et al., 2015). However, the extent to which the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying efficient working memory performance can be modified by ...
... (Gazzaley and Nobre, 2012). Similar functional interactions have been implicated in working memory performance during childhood (Astle et al., 2014; Barnes et al., 2015). However, the extent to which the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying efficient working memory performance can be modified by ...
Slide 1 - Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit
... e. Learning. We know a lot of facts (LTP, LTD, STDP). • it’s not clear which, if any, are relevant. • the relationship between learning rules and computation is essentially unknown. Theorists are starting to develop unsupervised learning algorithms, mainly ones that maximize mutual information. The ...
... e. Learning. We know a lot of facts (LTP, LTD, STDP). • it’s not clear which, if any, are relevant. • the relationship between learning rules and computation is essentially unknown. Theorists are starting to develop unsupervised learning algorithms, mainly ones that maximize mutual information. The ...
Impairment of episodic and semantic autobiographical memory in
... a b s t r a c t Autobiographical memory includes the retrieval of personal semantic data and the remembrance of incident or episodic memories. In retrograde amnesias, it has been observed that recall of autobiographical memories of recent events is poorer than recall of remote memories. Alzheimer’s ...
... a b s t r a c t Autobiographical memory includes the retrieval of personal semantic data and the remembrance of incident or episodic memories. In retrograde amnesias, it has been observed that recall of autobiographical memories of recent events is poorer than recall of remote memories. Alzheimer’s ...
Anatomy Notes on the Brain
... Insomnia- the inability to get the amount of sleep you need to wake up feeling rested and refreshed. Most common sleep disorder and could be a symptom of another disorder such as depression or stress. Restless leg syndrome- Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep disorder that causes an almost irres ...
... Insomnia- the inability to get the amount of sleep you need to wake up feeling rested and refreshed. Most common sleep disorder and could be a symptom of another disorder such as depression or stress. Restless leg syndrome- Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep disorder that causes an almost irres ...
Read the Article!
... The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests “new evidence shows that children ages 1 to 4 may be less likely to drown if they have had formal swimming instruction. The studies are small, and they don’t define what type of lessons work best, so the AAP is not recommending mandatory swim lessons ...
... The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests “new evidence shows that children ages 1 to 4 may be less likely to drown if they have had formal swimming instruction. The studies are small, and they don’t define what type of lessons work best, so the AAP is not recommending mandatory swim lessons ...
The neuronal representation of information in the human brain
... course, the nature of the sparsely distributed encoding is that no single neuron does need to be selective for just one person or object, for it is across a population of such neurons with sparsely distributed encoding that a particular individual is represented (Rolls and Treves, 2011) and becomes ...
... course, the nature of the sparsely distributed encoding is that no single neuron does need to be selective for just one person or object, for it is across a population of such neurons with sparsely distributed encoding that a particular individual is represented (Rolls and Treves, 2011) and becomes ...
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in Early
... impaired on both immediate and delayed recall conditions of traditional memory tasks. However, tasks such as DMS and SDR have not been used to examine the effects of earlyversus late-onset TLE on short- and long-term memory. Further, only one study (Fedio & Mirsky, 1969) has examhied short- and long ...
... impaired on both immediate and delayed recall conditions of traditional memory tasks. However, tasks such as DMS and SDR have not been used to examine the effects of earlyversus late-onset TLE on short- and long-term memory. Further, only one study (Fedio & Mirsky, 1969) has examhied short- and long ...
SR 49(1) 45-48
... of the brain were responsible for memory. These cells were not found in places that have no connection with memory. Further studies and research on this topic have made us aware about the functions and larger firing property of these pyramidal neurons. Pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of o ...
... of the brain were responsible for memory. These cells were not found in places that have no connection with memory. Further studies and research on this topic have made us aware about the functions and larger firing property of these pyramidal neurons. Pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of o ...
Differential Roles of the Frontal Cortex, Basal Ganglia, and
... sequences may change considerably in nature and that the brain areas responsible may also change during long-term practice. This consideration led us to generate a working hypothesis suggesting that the mechanism for learning new sequences (learning mechanism) and the mechanism for performing learne ...
... sequences may change considerably in nature and that the brain areas responsible may also change during long-term practice. This consideration led us to generate a working hypothesis suggesting that the mechanism for learning new sequences (learning mechanism) and the mechanism for performing learne ...
lecture 1 () - Stanford Department of Mathematics
... solve these problems in the most efficient engineering way. ...
... solve these problems in the most efficient engineering way. ...