Nonassociative Learning
... Decrease in response not due to fatigue animal capable of response signals a new situation Response is inhibited by activity of neurons ~ ...
... Decrease in response not due to fatigue animal capable of response signals a new situation Response is inhibited by activity of neurons ~ ...
to receive a reprint - Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences
... This level of characterization is particularly appropriate for evaluating the response of an adaptive system to task demands, and it may provide new insight into the nature of individual differences at the network level. Research on individual differences in sentence comprehension has found that fun ...
... This level of characterization is particularly appropriate for evaluating the response of an adaptive system to task demands, and it may provide new insight into the nature of individual differences at the network level. Research on individual differences in sentence comprehension has found that fun ...
Hierarchical models
... In cognitive and behaviour therapy (functional disorders) In neuropsychology research (organic diseases) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a good model for studying the alteration of emotional disturbance because it involves the amygdala which plays an important role in emotions as demonstrated by functio ...
... In cognitive and behaviour therapy (functional disorders) In neuropsychology research (organic diseases) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a good model for studying the alteration of emotional disturbance because it involves the amygdala which plays an important role in emotions as demonstrated by functio ...
Brain and mind - Scheme of work and lesson plan
... OCR involves teachers in the development of new support materials to capture current teaching practices tailored to our new specifications. These support materials are designed to inspire teachers and facilitate different ideas and teaching practices. Each Scheme of Work and set of sample Lesson Pla ...
... OCR involves teachers in the development of new support materials to capture current teaching practices tailored to our new specifications. These support materials are designed to inspire teachers and facilitate different ideas and teaching practices. Each Scheme of Work and set of sample Lesson Pla ...
This article was originally published in the Encyclopedia of
... resolving the interference created by the prepotent compatible response. Human imaging work suggests that the LPFC contributes to the resolution of this interference. Response selection appears to be subserved by both the DLPFC and VLPFC, together with a network of regions often observed in attentio ...
... resolving the interference created by the prepotent compatible response. Human imaging work suggests that the LPFC contributes to the resolution of this interference. Response selection appears to be subserved by both the DLPFC and VLPFC, together with a network of regions often observed in attentio ...
Neurotransmitters: Acetylcholine and Dopamine
... – This is why people get addicted to drugs – They feel good when they take them – They become used to the over production of dopamine in their brain, and find it hard to concentrate or feel pleasure without the drug as they become dependent on it ...
... – This is why people get addicted to drugs – They feel good when they take them – They become used to the over production of dopamine in their brain, and find it hard to concentrate or feel pleasure without the drug as they become dependent on it ...
Transient Storage of a Tactile Memory Trace in Primary
... The appropriate location for stimulating the hand area of SI was identified for each subject as the site at which tactile extinction could be most readily obtained. Thus, before beginning the experimental trials, the subject performed a tactile detection task while single TMS pulses were delivered a ...
... The appropriate location for stimulating the hand area of SI was identified for each subject as the site at which tactile extinction could be most readily obtained. Thus, before beginning the experimental trials, the subject performed a tactile detection task while single TMS pulses were delivered a ...
Cognitive Architectures: Where do we go from here?
... reasoning skills of human experts. Graph-based representations are typically encoded as directed graph structures comprising nodes for symbolic entities and their attributes, and edges for relationships among them. Main examples of this sort of knowledge representation are semantic networks and conc ...
... reasoning skills of human experts. Graph-based representations are typically encoded as directed graph structures comprising nodes for symbolic entities and their attributes, and edges for relationships among them. Main examples of this sort of knowledge representation are semantic networks and conc ...
What creates a valuable cue? The underestimated importance of a
... Processing (TAP), argues that memories can be defined by the cognitive operations or activity engaged during the initial creation of that memory. Retrieval is facilitated when the earlier cognitive operations are reactivated (Morris et al., 1977). Neuropsychological models states that TAP is a by-pr ...
... Processing (TAP), argues that memories can be defined by the cognitive operations or activity engaged during the initial creation of that memory. Retrieval is facilitated when the earlier cognitive operations are reactivated (Morris et al., 1977). Neuropsychological models states that TAP is a by-pr ...
Slide 1
... Types of Brain Waves • Alpha waves (8–13 Hz)—regular and rhythmic, low-amplitude, synchronous waves indicating an “idling” brain • Beta waves (14–30 Hz)—rhythmic, less regular waves occurring when mentally alert • Theta waves (4–7 Hz)—more irregular; common in children and uncommon in adults • Delt ...
... Types of Brain Waves • Alpha waves (8–13 Hz)—regular and rhythmic, low-amplitude, synchronous waves indicating an “idling” brain • Beta waves (14–30 Hz)—rhythmic, less regular waves occurring when mentally alert • Theta waves (4–7 Hz)—more irregular; common in children and uncommon in adults • Delt ...
Systems memory consolidation in Drosophila
... to be acquired, encoded, stored, maintained and retrieved. As time passes after training, memories become less easily retrieved, but also become progressively more stable in the face of experimental perturbations. This process is referred to as consolidation. But the term has been used to describe t ...
... to be acquired, encoded, stored, maintained and retrieved. As time passes after training, memories become less easily retrieved, but also become progressively more stable in the face of experimental perturbations. This process is referred to as consolidation. But the term has been used to describe t ...
Consolidation of motor memory
... ballistic pinch between the index finger and thumb of the non-dominant left hand. The performance measure was acceleration of the pinching movement, which was assessed across two practice sessions. Control subjects showed increases in peak pinch acceleration within a first practice session and subse ...
... ballistic pinch between the index finger and thumb of the non-dominant left hand. The performance measure was acceleration of the pinching movement, which was assessed across two practice sessions. Control subjects showed increases in peak pinch acceleration within a first practice session and subse ...
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: in search of new treatments
... 40mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses; high-dose group took 160mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses. Participants completed cognitive tests before treatment, after one day of treatment, after four days of treatment, and after a six-day ‘washout’ of treatment. The participants were tested on c ...
... 40mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses; high-dose group took 160mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses. Participants completed cognitive tests before treatment, after one day of treatment, after four days of treatment, and after a six-day ‘washout’ of treatment. The participants were tested on c ...
Group 3, Week 10
... is connected to areas where associations are recognized and formed • Belongs to the same functional system as the hippocampus. • For example, When we feel a sense of accomplishment for having tried something new, the association is recognized in the dorsomedial striatum. ...
... is connected to areas where associations are recognized and formed • Belongs to the same functional system as the hippocampus. • For example, When we feel a sense of accomplishment for having tried something new, the association is recognized in the dorsomedial striatum. ...
learning, Memory, and Cognition: Animal Perspectives
... typy are two close strategies and are not related to any great differences between the neural systems involved. It will be interesting to search for structures in the brain that differ in these two species and may be related to these two strategies. A particularly close connection between innate and ...
... typy are two close strategies and are not related to any great differences between the neural systems involved. It will be interesting to search for structures in the brain that differ in these two species and may be related to these two strategies. A particularly close connection between innate and ...
Chapter Overview/Summary
... Addictive disorders – such as alcohol abuse, cocaine abuse, and pathological gambling – are among the most widespread and intransigent mental health problems facing us today. Many problems of alcohol or drug use involve difficulties that stem solely from the intoxicating effects of the substances. D ...
... Addictive disorders – such as alcohol abuse, cocaine abuse, and pathological gambling – are among the most widespread and intransigent mental health problems facing us today. Many problems of alcohol or drug use involve difficulties that stem solely from the intoxicating effects of the substances. D ...
The Cerebral Cortex and Higher Intellectual Functions
... the regulation of blood flow, vasodilation and increased blood flow • At the cellular level, NO can changes intracellular metabolic functions that modify neuronal excitability and influence neurotransmitter ...
... the regulation of blood flow, vasodilation and increased blood flow • At the cellular level, NO can changes intracellular metabolic functions that modify neuronal excitability and influence neurotransmitter ...
Predictive, interactive multiple memory systems
... to more everyday situations, and making predictions for future experiments. While it becomes more difficult to test such fully-interactive models based on behavioral data or even local patterns of fMRI responses, we suggest that they can also be tested by examining changes in the functional coupling ...
... to more everyday situations, and making predictions for future experiments. While it becomes more difficult to test such fully-interactive models based on behavioral data or even local patterns of fMRI responses, we suggest that they can also be tested by examining changes in the functional coupling ...
NEUR3041 Neural computation: Models of brain function 2014
... Brown M A & Sharp P E (1995) `Simulation of spatial-learning in the morris water maze by a neural-network model of the hippocampal-formation and nucleus-accumbens Hippocampus 5 171188. Burgess N, Donnett J G, Jeffery K J & O'Keefe J (1997) `Robotic and neuronal simulation of the hippocampus and ...
... Brown M A & Sharp P E (1995) `Simulation of spatial-learning in the morris water maze by a neural-network model of the hippocampal-formation and nucleus-accumbens Hippocampus 5 171188. Burgess N, Donnett J G, Jeffery K J & O'Keefe J (1997) `Robotic and neuronal simulation of the hippocampus and ...
Neuron the Memory Unit of the Brain
... Neuron the Memory Unit of the Brain Memory is our ability to encode, store, retain and subsequently recall information and past experiences in the human brain. It is the sum total of what we remember, and gives us the capability to learn and adapt from previous experiences as well as to build relat ...
... Neuron the Memory Unit of the Brain Memory is our ability to encode, store, retain and subsequently recall information and past experiences in the human brain. It is the sum total of what we remember, and gives us the capability to learn and adapt from previous experiences as well as to build relat ...
A cognitive neuroscience account of posttraumatic stress disorder
... extinction/habituation the original memories of the fearful experience are not altered by the incorporation of incompatible information, as was for example suggested in an influential article by Foa and Kozak (1986). Rather, overcoming fear involves acquiring completely new representations which can ...
... extinction/habituation the original memories of the fearful experience are not altered by the incorporation of incompatible information, as was for example suggested in an influential article by Foa and Kozak (1986). Rather, overcoming fear involves acquiring completely new representations which can ...
Neural Global Pattern Similarity Underlies True and False Memories
... pleasant”). Three seconds after the onset of the word, participants were asked to perform a perceptual judgment task for 8 s, which was included to prevent the participants from further processing the studied words. A Gabor image tilting 45° to the left or the right was randomly selected and present ...
... pleasant”). Three seconds after the onset of the word, participants were asked to perform a perceptual judgment task for 8 s, which was included to prevent the participants from further processing the studied words. A Gabor image tilting 45° to the left or the right was randomly selected and present ...
Cultural aspects of Traditional Sports and Games
... rather than playing just for enjoyment. Pesäpallo clubs started arranging training courses, and more attention was paid to the development of junior players” (Niinimäki, 2004, web). But, Pesäpallo still has a kind of rural image, as most of the teams in the men's championship league “Superpesis” com ...
... rather than playing just for enjoyment. Pesäpallo clubs started arranging training courses, and more attention was paid to the development of junior players” (Niinimäki, 2004, web). But, Pesäpallo still has a kind of rural image, as most of the teams in the men's championship league “Superpesis” com ...
Superior digit memory of abacus experts
... utilized in the digit span memory task, because it may be more efficient to mentally manipulate large numbers using a spatial representation than a sequentially organized phonological representation. It may be that these processes involve the bilateral frontal–parietal areas, which have important ro ...
... utilized in the digit span memory task, because it may be more efficient to mentally manipulate large numbers using a spatial representation than a sequentially organized phonological representation. It may be that these processes involve the bilateral frontal–parietal areas, which have important ro ...