Document
... area is divided by rami into those two gyri (Brodmann’s areas 44, 45) ❼Frontal eye field :responsible for the saccadic eye movement ; the tracking movement of the eye , if some object is moving and I'm tracing it with my eyes the movement has certain pattern ,we call it saccadic eye movement (motor ...
... area is divided by rami into those two gyri (Brodmann’s areas 44, 45) ❼Frontal eye field :responsible for the saccadic eye movement ; the tracking movement of the eye , if some object is moving and I'm tracing it with my eyes the movement has certain pattern ,we call it saccadic eye movement (motor ...
Circuits in Psychopharmacology
... prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (lateral view), which is integral to cognitive functioning; the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (medial view), which is involved in emotional processing; and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (medial view), which is involved in both selective attention (dorsal ACC) and emo ...
... prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (lateral view), which is integral to cognitive functioning; the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (medial view), which is involved in emotional processing; and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (medial view), which is involved in both selective attention (dorsal ACC) and emo ...
Functional Disconnectivities in Autistic Spectrum
... relatively unstable. The result is that these neurons will fatigue more quickly and may even fire spontaneously as in the case of seizures or hyperkinetic disorders. From an anatomic perspective, we see that certain areas of the brain are physically smaller and different from normal in children with ...
... relatively unstable. The result is that these neurons will fatigue more quickly and may even fire spontaneously as in the case of seizures or hyperkinetic disorders. From an anatomic perspective, we see that certain areas of the brain are physically smaller and different from normal in children with ...
Neural correlates of attention in primate visual cortex
... effects in the presumed human homolog31–33. By now, imaging studies had traced these attentional effects on motion processing all the way back to V1 (Refs 34,35). Taken together, these studies demonstrate that attention influences processing in both pathways from the beginning, but they also indicat ...
... effects in the presumed human homolog31–33. By now, imaging studies had traced these attentional effects on motion processing all the way back to V1 (Refs 34,35). Taken together, these studies demonstrate that attention influences processing in both pathways from the beginning, but they also indicat ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... 70–80 ms in some perirhinal neurons [31] and with a mean population latency of around 150 ms in IT [15]. Indeed, Xiang and Brown [31] suggested that these effects are too fast for ‘top-down’ influences. An important concern for the present discussion is the proportion of neurons showing RS. The best ...
... 70–80 ms in some perirhinal neurons [31] and with a mean population latency of around 150 ms in IT [15]. Indeed, Xiang and Brown [31] suggested that these effects are too fast for ‘top-down’ influences. An important concern for the present discussion is the proportion of neurons showing RS. The best ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... 70–80 ms in some perirhinal neurons [31] and with a mean population latency of around 150 ms in IT [15]. Indeed, Xiang and Brown [31] suggested that these effects are too fast for ‘top-down’ influences. An important concern for the present discussion is the proportion of neurons showing RS. The best ...
... 70–80 ms in some perirhinal neurons [31] and with a mean population latency of around 150 ms in IT [15]. Indeed, Xiang and Brown [31] suggested that these effects are too fast for ‘top-down’ influences. An important concern for the present discussion is the proportion of neurons showing RS. The best ...
When Is an Adolescent an Adult? - Waisman Laboratory for Brain
... An individual is typically considered an adult at age 18, although the age of adulthood varies for different legal and social policies. A key question is how cognitive capacities relevant to these policies change with development. The current study used an emotional go/no-go paradigm and functional ...
... An individual is typically considered an adult at age 18, although the age of adulthood varies for different legal and social policies. A key question is how cognitive capacities relevant to these policies change with development. The current study used an emotional go/no-go paradigm and functional ...
A functional magnetic resonance study
... cognitive control test.31 Depressive patients decreased activity in parietal region as prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulated gyrus et al by face-profession pairs test.32 These studies showed the coherence of function between ACC and parietal lobe, frontal lob. Thus, increasing FCs between pgAC ...
... cognitive control test.31 Depressive patients decreased activity in parietal region as prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulated gyrus et al by face-profession pairs test.32 These studies showed the coherence of function between ACC and parietal lobe, frontal lob. Thus, increasing FCs between pgAC ...
From Nerve Cells to Cognition: The Internal
... activity of specific populations of neurons with specific perceptual and motor processes. From these microelectrode studies we have been able to see that the mechanisms of perception are much the same in humans, monkeys, and even simpler animals. These cellular studies in monkeys also made it possib ...
... activity of specific populations of neurons with specific perceptual and motor processes. From these microelectrode studies we have been able to see that the mechanisms of perception are much the same in humans, monkeys, and even simpler animals. These cellular studies in monkeys also made it possib ...
Developmental - Schizophrenia Research Forum
... Increased DA turnover and reduced binding to D2 receptors in striatum; reduced reelin- and parvalbuminexpressing neurons in PFC; reduced DA levels and D1 receptors in PFC; increased TH expression in striatum; reduced density of cerebellar ...
... Increased DA turnover and reduced binding to D2 receptors in striatum; reduced reelin- and parvalbuminexpressing neurons in PFC; reduced DA levels and D1 receptors in PFC; increased TH expression in striatum; reduced density of cerebellar ...
Neural correlates of tic severity and cognitive C. L. Baym,
... caudate nucleus or from caudate to other basal ganglia structures are thought to be responsible for the inability to suppress tics (Gerard and Peterson, 2003). To date, only a few studies have examined brain activation of TS patients— either adults or children—during performance of a cognitive task ...
... caudate nucleus or from caudate to other basal ganglia structures are thought to be responsible for the inability to suppress tics (Gerard and Peterson, 2003). To date, only a few studies have examined brain activation of TS patients— either adults or children—during performance of a cognitive task ...
Cognitive Training Enhances Intrinsic Brain Connectivity in Childhood
... Tasks that tax working memory recruit areas in frontal and parietal cortex, overlapping with networks associated with attentional control (for review, see Duncan, 2010). A popular account linking frontoparietal activity to working memory performance is that activity in these domain-general networks ...
... Tasks that tax working memory recruit areas in frontal and parietal cortex, overlapping with networks associated with attentional control (for review, see Duncan, 2010). A popular account linking frontoparietal activity to working memory performance is that activity in these domain-general networks ...
KliperEtAl CIP2010
... challenge is especially pronounced when trying to learn the representation of visual objects in higher brain areas, where simple features representations (and models) are neglected in favor of complex, non-trivial and possibly semantic ones. Visual processing in the cortex is classically considered ...
... challenge is especially pronounced when trying to learn the representation of visual objects in higher brain areas, where simple features representations (and models) are neglected in favor of complex, non-trivial and possibly semantic ones. Visual processing in the cortex is classically considered ...
5. Discussion - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam
... predicted reward or its absence, and indeed, the spatial representation in V1 showed a clear signature of sharpening; a stronger differentiation in response amplitude to the two locations and a steeper retinotopic gradient for the conditioned orientation compared to other orientations. Local inhibit ...
... predicted reward or its absence, and indeed, the spatial representation in V1 showed a clear signature of sharpening; a stronger differentiation in response amplitude to the two locations and a steeper retinotopic gradient for the conditioned orientation compared to other orientations. Local inhibit ...
Deconstructing episodic memory with construction
... In the classic taxonomy of episodic memory [1,2], what, where and when, have been traditionally regarded as equally important properties of an episodic memory [2,4]. Indeed, a memory of an event is only defined as truly episodic if one remembers when and where it happened in addition to what happene ...
... In the classic taxonomy of episodic memory [1,2], what, where and when, have been traditionally regarded as equally important properties of an episodic memory [2,4]. Indeed, a memory of an event is only defined as truly episodic if one remembers when and where it happened in addition to what happene ...
Structure–function relationship of working memory activity with
... memory tasks. The GLM also included terms for signal drift within runs and mean signal shifts across runs. These separate beta estimates for word and face stimuli were then averaged to yield a single estimate of working memory activity, because we were interested in general working memory processes, ...
... memory tasks. The GLM also included terms for signal drift within runs and mean signal shifts across runs. These separate beta estimates for word and face stimuli were then averaged to yield a single estimate of working memory activity, because we were interested in general working memory processes, ...
Commentaries on Viewpoint: A role for the prefrontal cortex in
... TO THE EDITOR: I agree with the gist of the authors’ Viewpoint (5) but not that the PFC can “sustain exercise despite severe deficiencies in motor control.” PFC function is well described in the cognitive/emotional/behavioral literature (2), and we assigned a similar role to the PFC in our review, a ...
... TO THE EDITOR: I agree with the gist of the authors’ Viewpoint (5) but not that the PFC can “sustain exercise despite severe deficiencies in motor control.” PFC function is well described in the cognitive/emotional/behavioral literature (2), and we assigned a similar role to the PFC in our review, a ...
PowerPoint Slides - Portland State University
... • State space analysis and synthesis of vocalizations to aid in stimulus design • Comparison of neural responses from both a spike rate and spike timing perspective • Improved methods for creating input>output models of individual neurons provided the pure tone responses of these neurons – Used to a ...
... • State space analysis and synthesis of vocalizations to aid in stimulus design • Comparison of neural responses from both a spike rate and spike timing perspective • Improved methods for creating input>output models of individual neurons provided the pure tone responses of these neurons – Used to a ...
Event-Related Potentials
... stimuli registered in auditory memory. Occurring between 80 and 200 ms after presentation of deviant auditory stimuli, thus overlapping the N1 and P2 components, the mismatch negativity is isolated by computing the difference wave between averaged ERPs evoked by deviant and standard stimuli. The mis ...
... stimuli registered in auditory memory. Occurring between 80 and 200 ms after presentation of deviant auditory stimuli, thus overlapping the N1 and P2 components, the mismatch negativity is isolated by computing the difference wave between averaged ERPs evoked by deviant and standard stimuli. The mis ...
Neuroimaging Studies of Memory. In Encyclopedia of the
... memory in cognition is complex enough that not just a single memory system will do. Humans and other animals have several memory systems with different characteristics and different neural implementations, and these systems, acting in concert, contribute to the human mind's tremendous adaptability. ...
... memory in cognition is complex enough that not just a single memory system will do. Humans and other animals have several memory systems with different characteristics and different neural implementations, and these systems, acting in concert, contribute to the human mind's tremendous adaptability. ...
Is Political Cognition Like Riding a Bicycle?
... already have, or are about to have, embarked upon investigating the neural bases of the political mind. Habitual Cognition: The Power Behind Two Types of Political Thinking Political Attitudes Assessment of political attitudes through voting is at the core of any democratic society. Similarly, polit ...
... already have, or are about to have, embarked upon investigating the neural bases of the political mind. Habitual Cognition: The Power Behind Two Types of Political Thinking Political Attitudes Assessment of political attitudes through voting is at the core of any democratic society. Similarly, polit ...
Hyperfrontality and hypoconnectivity during refreshing in
... Anomalous activations of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior cerebral areas have been reported in previous studies of working memory in schizophrenia. Several interpretations have been reported: e.g., neural inefficiency, the use of different strategies and differences in the functional organiz ...
... Anomalous activations of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior cerebral areas have been reported in previous studies of working memory in schizophrenia. Several interpretations have been reported: e.g., neural inefficiency, the use of different strategies and differences in the functional organiz ...
Rules relating connections to cortical structure in primate prefrontal cortex H. Barbas
... The structural di2erences that appear to underlie the pattern of corticocortical connections may arise during development. The lower overall density of neurons in limbic areas in comparison with the eulaminate areas can be explained if limbic areas complete their development earlier than the eulamin ...
... The structural di2erences that appear to underlie the pattern of corticocortical connections may arise during development. The lower overall density of neurons in limbic areas in comparison with the eulaminate areas can be explained if limbic areas complete their development earlier than the eulamin ...
The human nervous system An anatomical viewpoint
... -- Singing and playing musical instruments, appreciation of music. Musical skills & comprehension lost following vascular occlusion in right hemisphere. (4). Prefrontal cortex mediates working memory and decision making The parts of frontal lobe anterior to area 4 & 6, do not cause movements when s ...
... -- Singing and playing musical instruments, appreciation of music. Musical skills & comprehension lost following vascular occlusion in right hemisphere. (4). Prefrontal cortex mediates working memory and decision making The parts of frontal lobe anterior to area 4 & 6, do not cause movements when s ...
Conditioned Response
... • Unconditioned Stimulus- the food. This remains unconditioned because the dog isn’t trained or conditioned to drool every time it sees the food. • Unconditioned Response- the salivation. Salivation is unconditioned because the dog isn’t trained or conditioned to do it yet consistently ...
... • Unconditioned Stimulus- the food. This remains unconditioned because the dog isn’t trained or conditioned to drool every time it sees the food. • Unconditioned Response- the salivation. Salivation is unconditioned because the dog isn’t trained or conditioned to do it yet consistently ...
Executive functions
Executive functions (also known as cognitive control and supervisory attentional system) is an umbrella term for the management (regulation, control) of cognitive processes, including working memory, reasoning, task flexibility, and problem solving as well as planning and execution.The executive system is a theorized cognitive system in psychology that controls and manages other cognitive processes, such as executive functions. The prefrontal areas of the frontal lobe are necessary but not solely sufficient for carrying out these functions.