Kandel and Schwartz, 4th Edition Principles of Neural Science Chap
... All behavior is mediated by the central nervous system, which consists of the spinal cord and the brain. The brain is composed of six regions, each of which can be further subdivided into several anatomically and functionally distinct areas. The six major brain divisions are the medulla, pons, cereb ...
... All behavior is mediated by the central nervous system, which consists of the spinal cord and the brain. The brain is composed of six regions, each of which can be further subdivided into several anatomically and functionally distinct areas. The six major brain divisions are the medulla, pons, cereb ...
Neural Correlates of Executive Control in the Avian Brain
... should be forgotten. Naturally, it is hard to know whether it is the NCL neurons that are performing the executive control function, or whether we are observing the effects on NCL neurons of executive functions that lie elsewhere in the brain. Given the evidence that we will review shortly that NCL ...
... should be forgotten. Naturally, it is hard to know whether it is the NCL neurons that are performing the executive control function, or whether we are observing the effects on NCL neurons of executive functions that lie elsewhere in the brain. Given the evidence that we will review shortly that NCL ...
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... the normal orderly progression of BFs recorded in the rat A1. Each polygon represents one electrode penetration. The color of each polygon indicates the BF in kilohertz. The polygons (Voronoi tessellations) were generated so that every point on the cortical surface was assumed to have the characteri ...
... the normal orderly progression of BFs recorded in the rat A1. Each polygon represents one electrode penetration. The color of each polygon indicates the BF in kilohertz. The polygons (Voronoi tessellations) were generated so that every point on the cortical surface was assumed to have the characteri ...
POSITIVE EFFECT OF MINDFULNESS MEDITATION ON STRESS
... environment produces emotional and physiological changes in individual human body in order to cope with that stress. ...
... environment produces emotional and physiological changes in individual human body in order to cope with that stress. ...
Title Modulation of Conditioned Fear, Fear
... Evidence suggests that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is involved in pain, fear and fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-BLA administration of the GABA A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the expression of con ...
... Evidence suggests that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is involved in pain, fear and fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). In this study, we investigated the effects of intra-BLA administration of the GABA A receptor agonist, muscimol, on the expression of con ...
The Ventral Striatopallidum and Extended Amygdala in
... the close limbic association. The central amygdala is a continuum of cells in the dorsocentral part of the amygdala. It is located between the striatum (amygdalostriatal transition area) dorsolaterally and the interstitial nucleus of the ansa lenticularis at its dorsomedial side. The central nucleus ...
... the close limbic association. The central amygdala is a continuum of cells in the dorsocentral part of the amygdala. It is located between the striatum (amygdalostriatal transition area) dorsolaterally and the interstitial nucleus of the ansa lenticularis at its dorsomedial side. The central nucleus ...
The Neurocircuitry of Impaired Insight in Drug Addiction
... For example, contrasting errors (on a hybrid Stroop and Go/No-Go task) of which participants were aware with those of which they were unaware revealed sizeable fronto-parietal activation that encompassed the left insula; conversely, the rostral and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was equally active ...
... For example, contrasting errors (on a hybrid Stroop and Go/No-Go task) of which participants were aware with those of which they were unaware revealed sizeable fronto-parietal activation that encompassed the left insula; conversely, the rostral and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was equally active ...
Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Image
... populations of neurons in those brain areas that perform a cognitive task become active and increase their metabolism, the blood supply to those areas increases in order to meet the increased demand for oxygen (Villringer, 1999). Note that neuronal activity is modulated more quickly than is the asso ...
... populations of neurons in those brain areas that perform a cognitive task become active and increase their metabolism, the blood supply to those areas increases in order to meet the increased demand for oxygen (Villringer, 1999). Note that neuronal activity is modulated more quickly than is the asso ...
Cerebellar Affective Syndrome Expanding Our Thinking About the
... 1980’s have shown the cerebellum is activated by a lg # of cognitive tasks devoid of movement (memory, language, etc) but were generally considered “incidental” findings. PET studies in normals showed activation of cerebellar hemispheres with emotional films. Generalized atrophy found in major depre ...
... 1980’s have shown the cerebellum is activated by a lg # of cognitive tasks devoid of movement (memory, language, etc) but were generally considered “incidental” findings. PET studies in normals showed activation of cerebellar hemispheres with emotional films. Generalized atrophy found in major depre ...
A Computational Model of the Amygdala Nuclei`s Role in - laral
... LA-CeA sub-system, which forms S-R associations, and (2) the BLA sub-system, which forms S-S associations. Note that in the following “neurons” have to be intended as units whose functioning abstracts the collective functioning of whole assemblies of real neurons. The Stimulus-Response Associator (L ...
... LA-CeA sub-system, which forms S-R associations, and (2) the BLA sub-system, which forms S-S associations. Note that in the following “neurons” have to be intended as units whose functioning abstracts the collective functioning of whole assemblies of real neurons. The Stimulus-Response Associator (L ...
Neuronal Interaction Dynamics in Cat Primary Visual Cortex
... temperature, and EEG were monitored during the entire experiment. Respiration was adjusted for an end-tidal C O2 between 3.5 and 4.0%. The body temperature was kept at 37.5°C by means of a feedbackcontrolled heating pad. Contact lenses with artificial pupils (3 mm diameter) were used to cover the ey ...
... temperature, and EEG were monitored during the entire experiment. Respiration was adjusted for an end-tidal C O2 between 3.5 and 4.0%. The body temperature was kept at 37.5°C by means of a feedbackcontrolled heating pad. Contact lenses with artificial pupils (3 mm diameter) were used to cover the ey ...
Gender Differences in Human Brain: A Review
... operate differently. Men and women appear to use different parts of the brain to encode memories, sense emotions, recognize faces, solve certain problems and make decisions. Indeed, when men and women of similar intelligence and aptitude perform equally well, their brains appear to go about it diffe ...
... operate differently. Men and women appear to use different parts of the brain to encode memories, sense emotions, recognize faces, solve certain problems and make decisions. Indeed, when men and women of similar intelligence and aptitude perform equally well, their brains appear to go about it diffe ...
The Neural Basis of Addiction: A Pathology of Motivation and Choice
... response. While we have made substantial progress toward identifying the neural circuits and cellular foundations responsible for activating behavior, we have been only marginally effective at understanding the substrates that cause one behavior to be favored over another behavior (direction of beha ...
... response. While we have made substantial progress toward identifying the neural circuits and cellular foundations responsible for activating behavior, we have been only marginally effective at understanding the substrates that cause one behavior to be favored over another behavior (direction of beha ...
Race modulates neural activity during imitation
... of race. Here we measured neural activity with fMRI while European American participants imitated meaningless gestures performed by actors of their own race, and two racial outgroups, African American, and Chinese American. Participants also passively observed the actions of these actors and their p ...
... of race. Here we measured neural activity with fMRI while European American participants imitated meaningless gestures performed by actors of their own race, and two racial outgroups, African American, and Chinese American. Participants also passively observed the actions of these actors and their p ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... response. While we have made substantial progress toward identifying the neural circuits and cellular foundations responsible for activating behavior, we have been only marginally effective at understanding the substrates that cause one behavior to be favored over another behavior (direction of beha ...
... response. While we have made substantial progress toward identifying the neural circuits and cellular foundations responsible for activating behavior, we have been only marginally effective at understanding the substrates that cause one behavior to be favored over another behavior (direction of beha ...
HCI1 - Brian Whitworth
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...
Art.-Schoenbaum (R) - UCSD Cognitive Science
... Comparison of neural activity on positive go and negative go trials revealed that a substantial population of neurons in both OFC and ABL fired differentially depending on whether the subsequent outcome was to be the rewarding sucrose solution or the aversive quinine. This comparison of activity was ...
... Comparison of neural activity on positive go and negative go trials revealed that a substantial population of neurons in both OFC and ABL fired differentially depending on whether the subsequent outcome was to be the rewarding sucrose solution or the aversive quinine. This comparison of activity was ...
The Human Mirror Neuron System and Embodied
... possible action that might be performed by the monkey. When the object is manipulated by another agent, this possibility becomes unlikely. Mirror neurons are active when either the animal produces the action or when observing another agent produce the action. Interestingly, these neurons are not act ...
... possible action that might be performed by the monkey. When the object is manipulated by another agent, this possibility becomes unlikely. Mirror neurons are active when either the animal produces the action or when observing another agent produce the action. Interestingly, these neurons are not act ...
Brain oscillations in perception and memory
... these methods yields results leading to the conclusion that alpha-, theta-, delta-, and gammaresponses are functionally relevant brain responses-related to psychophysiological functions, in short, ‘real signals’ ŽBaşar, 1998, 1999.. We intend to show that these oscillations have multifold functions ...
... these methods yields results leading to the conclusion that alpha-, theta-, delta-, and gammaresponses are functionally relevant brain responses-related to psychophysiological functions, in short, ‘real signals’ ŽBaşar, 1998, 1999.. We intend to show that these oscillations have multifold functions ...
Neural correlates of positive and negative performance feedback in
... negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [9-11]). On the other hand, Aron et al. [1] reported stronger midbrain activation during negative feedback than during positive, whereas positive feedback did not yield stronger activation than negative feedback. These heterogeneous results need further ...
... negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [9-11]). On the other hand, Aron et al. [1] reported stronger midbrain activation during negative feedback than during positive, whereas positive feedback did not yield stronger activation than negative feedback. These heterogeneous results need further ...
The Ventrolateral Hypothalamic Area and the Parvafox Nucleus
... 3V, third ventricle; cp, cerebral peduncle; oc: optic chiasm; mt, mammillothalamic tract (reproduced from Meszar et al., 2012). B: Projection of the parvafox nucleus onto the inferior surface of a rat brain. IIn, optic nerve; IP, interpeduncular region; P, pons; cer, cerebellum (reproduced from Celi ...
... 3V, third ventricle; cp, cerebral peduncle; oc: optic chiasm; mt, mammillothalamic tract (reproduced from Meszar et al., 2012). B: Projection of the parvafox nucleus onto the inferior surface of a rat brain. IIn, optic nerve; IP, interpeduncular region; P, pons; cer, cerebellum (reproduced from Celi ...
Frontal Eye Fields - Psychological Sciences
... FEF signal the location of the target stimulus through suppression of the response to non-target stimuli, leaving only the response to the target. This selection process occurs if no saccade is made or if the saccade is directed to a non-target stimulus. The selection process is influenced by the si ...
... FEF signal the location of the target stimulus through suppression of the response to non-target stimuli, leaving only the response to the target. This selection process occurs if no saccade is made or if the saccade is directed to a non-target stimulus. The selection process is influenced by the si ...
1 CORTICAL-SUBCORTICAL FUNCTIONS IN VERB AND NOUN
... blocks of either three nouns or three verbs and were asked to generate silently an item semantically related to the stimulus within the same grammatical class for each of the three stimuli as they were presented. In whole-brain between-group analyses, significant group differences were found in the ...
... blocks of either three nouns or three verbs and were asked to generate silently an item semantically related to the stimulus within the same grammatical class for each of the three stimuli as they were presented. In whole-brain between-group analyses, significant group differences were found in the ...
PSYCHOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...
... • Active systems alter their own input: – From the retina, signals go to the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which is largely a relay station, and thence to the visual cortex. – But the neural projections from the visual cortex to the LGB are at least as many as from the LGB to the cortex ...